89th Airlift Wing

The wing was first activated as the 89th Troop Carrier Wing at Hanscom Field, Massachusetts in June 1949,[2] when Continental Air Command reorganized its reserve tactical units under the wing base organization. The wing drew its cadre from the 3d Air Division, which was simultaneously inactivated.[7]

The wing trained at Hanscom under the supervision of the 2234th Air Force Reserve Training Center[7] for troop carrier operations. Although its 89th Troop Carrier Group was assigned four squadrons, rather than the three authorized for active duty groups, it was only manned at 25% of its authorized strength.[8]

The 89th, along with all reserve combat units, was mobilized for the Korean war.[9] It was called to active duty on 1 May 1951 and its personnel and aircraft were distributed to other organizations to bring them to full strength.[10] The wing was inactivated on 10 May 1951.[2]

The reserve mobilization for the Korean War left the reserve without aircraft, and reserve units did not receive aircraft until July 1952.[11] Continental Air Command redesignated the wing the 89th Fighter-Bomber Wing and activated it at Hanscom, where it drew its personnel from the 913th Reserve Training Wing, a non-flying training organization, which had been activated at Hanscom in July 1951.[2][7] Although titled a fighter bomber unit, the wing initially had an air defense role, only later assuming a tactical fighter mission. [12] The wing initially equipped with propeller-driven North American P-51 Mustangs, but in 1953 began to equip with Lockheed P-80 Shooting Stars. By 1957 it began to receive North American F-86 Sabres.[2]

In the mid-1950s, the Joint Chiefs of Staff were pressuring the Air Force to provide more wartime airlift. At the same time, about 150 Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcars became available from the active force. Consequently, in November 1956 the Air Force directed Continental Air Command to convert three reserve fighter bomber wings, including the 89th, to the troop carrier mission by September 1957. In addition, within the Air Staff was a recommendation that the reserve fighter mission given to the Air National Guard and replaced by the troop carrier mission.[13] Although the wing began to receive Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcars in 1957, it was inactivated in November and its personnel and equipment were transferred to the 94th Troop Carrier Wing, which moved on paper to Hanscom from Dobbins Air Force Base, Georgia.[2][14]

In January 1966, wing assumed the personnel and equipment of 1254th Air Transport Wing and served as a special mission airlift wing charged with providing worldwide airlift for the Executive Department and high-ranking dignitaries of the U.S. Government and of foreign governments, as directed. (In taking over the special airlift mission, it replaced the 1254th Air Transport Wing, which had previously undertaken the task at Andrews from 1 October 1948 to 1966.)[15] It assumed an additional mission of controlling all T-39 administrative airlift within the United States from 1975 to 1978 and continued maintenance support to 1984. It gained a helicopter squadron in July 1976 and added rescue and medical evacuation (in the Washington, D.C. area) to its mission. In October 1976, the wing began training C-12 pilots for units in Alaska and Germany, and for duty with defense attaché offices and military assistance units.

The 89th was reduced in size in 1977 through transfer of many aircraft and inactivation of units, and became a group on 30 September 1977. The 89th was redesignated in 1980 as a selectively manned wing. In addition to primary mission of airlifting the President, Vice-President, cabinet members, other high U.S. government officials, and foreign dignitaries, the wing frequently participated in humanitarian missions in the U.S. and abroad. It provided transport for personnel and supplies to Southwest Asia from 1990 to 1991. In 1991, the 89th airlifted home 20 former prisoners of war from Iraqi captivity. It became host wing of Andrews Air Force Base in July 1991 and subsequently relinquished that responsibility to the 316th Wing in 2006.

• First Air Force, 27 June 1949 – 10 May 1951
• First Air Force, 14 June 1952 – 16 November 1957
• Military Air Transport Service (later Military Airlift Command), 27 December 1965 (not organized until 8 January 1966)
• 76th Airlift Division, 1 July 1976
• 76th Military Airlift Wing, 30 September 1977
• 76th Airlift Division, 15 December 1980
• Twenty-First Air Force, 1 October 1985
• Eighteenth Air Force, 1 October 2003 – present[2]

Groups

• 89th Troop Carrier Group (later 89th Fighter-Bomber Group, 89th Operations Group): 27 June 1949 – 10 May 1951; 14 June 1952 – 16 November 1957; 12 July 1991 –present
• Presidential Airlift Group: 1 April 2001 – present[2]

Squadrons

• 1st Helicopter Squadron: 1 July 1976 – 12 July 1991
• 1st Military Airlift Squadron: 12 September 1977 – 12 July 1991
• 98th Military Airlift Squadron: 8 January 1966 – 1 September 1977
• 99th Military Airlift Squadron: 8 Jan 1966 – 12 July 1991
• 1400th Military Airlift Squadron: 1 April 1975 – 15 March 1978
• 1401st Military Airlift Squadron: 1 April 1975 – 15 March 1978
• 1402d Military Airlift Squadron: 1 April 1975 – 15 March 1978[2]

• Hanscom Field, Massachusetts, 27 June 1949 – 10 May 1951
• Hanscom Field, Massachusetts, 14 June 1952 – 16 November 1957
• Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, 8 January 1966 – present[2]

Explanatory notes

Citations

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.

• Cantwell, Gerald T. (1997). Citizen Airmen: a History of the Air Force Reserve, 1946-1994. Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN 0-16049-269-6. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
• Endicott, Judy G. (1998). Active Air Force Wings as of 1 October 1995 and USAF Active Flying, Space, and Missile Squadrons as of 1 October 1995 (PDF). Air Force History and Museums Program. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ASIN B000113MB2. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979.
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947–1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9.