8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

The 8th Division (Chinese: 新疆生产建设兵团第八师; abbreviation for Chinese: 兵团八师) is a division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC) distributed over Shihezi and Karamay cities, Manas and Shawan counties, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. It is an economic and paramilitary unit formed in 1953 from the former 26th Infantry Division of the 9th Army of the 22rd Corps of the PLA. The 8th Agricultural Construction Division (农业建设第八师; abbreviation for 农八师) was approved and renamed to the present 8th Division of the XPCC in 2012.[1] The division is composed of 14 regiments, and headquartered in Shihezi City, it merges work in one official with Shihezi City.[2] The Shihezi Reclamation Area of the 8th Division has an area of 5,851 square kilometers with a total population of 696,900 and a permanent population of 661,300 (as of 2018), of that, the Shihezi City has an area of 460 square kilometers with a total population of 448,100 and a permanent population of 437,900 (as of 2018).[3] In the year of 2018, GDP of the 8th Division was CN¥54.85 billion (US$8.29 billion), and the GDP per capita CN¥82,584 (US$12,480).[4]

Since the establishment of Shihezi City in April 1975, the 8th Division and the city have practised management model of unity of the division and Shihezi City. The Shihezi Agriculture, Industry and Commerce Joint Enterprise Group Corporation (石河子农工商联合企业) was formed in the reclamation area of the former 8th division in February 1979, the group corporation is co-located with Shihezi City and is integrated into administrative and business enterprises. In December 1981, the XPCC was restored, and its 8th Agriculture and Production Division (renamed as the 8th Division of XPCC in 2012 ) was resumed at the same time, from then onwards the 8th Division has enjoyed the same institution and two brands, and continued to work with Shihezi City.[5]

History

On December 20, 1949, the former Kuomintang 78th Division, 227th Brigade (二二七旅), Cavalry Regiment of 178th Brigade (一七八旅骑兵团), 194th Regiment of 65th Brigade (六五旅一九四团), Munition Battalion of 42nd Division (四二师辎重营) were incorporated as the 26th Infantry Division of the 9th Army of the 22nd Corps of the PLA. Its leaders were the division chief Luo Ruzheng (罗汝正), political commissar Wang Jilong (王季龙), 1st deputy division chief Gao Rongguang (高戎光), 2nd deputy division chief Zhou Mao (周茂), chief of staff Xiong Lüe (熊略), director of the political department Yu Zhengdong (鱼正东). The division was headquartered in the county seat of Jinghua County (景化县; present Hutubi County). It had the 76th Regiment, the 77th Regiment, the 78th Regiment, and a munition battalion (辎重营).[6]

26th Infantry Division

In March 1950, the 26th Infantry Division relocated its headquarters from Jinghua County to Suilai County (绥来县, the present Manas County). In March 1953, the troops of Xinjiang Military Region (新疆军区, XMR) were reorganized, and the 26th Division was integrated into the XMR. It was renamed to the 8th Agricultural Construction Division of the XMR. The three regiments under its jurisdiction were renamed as the 22nd, 23rd and 24 Regiment of the agricultural construction division. On May 27, the 8th Agricultural Construction Division was ordered by the Central Military Commission (CMC) and changed to be a production force as a whole to produce on its place. In August 1953, the 8th Agricultural Construction Division moved its headquarters from Manas County to Shihezi.[6]

8th Agricultural Construction Division

On August 6, 1954, the CMC General Staff (军委总参谋部) issued a decree to revoke the XMR Production Management Department (新疆军区生产管理部) and the 22nd Corps (二十二兵团), and establish the XMR Production and Construction Corps (新疆军区生产建设兵团, XPCC). On October 7 of the same year, the XMR issued an order to announce the organization of the XMR Production and Construction Corps and the designation of its competent forces. The 8th Agricultural Construction Division officially belonged to the leadership of the XMR Production and Construction Corps on November 1, 1954. In February 1955, the 10th Agricultural Construction Division was abolished, and the 30th regiment and labor reform detachment of the 10th division were merged into the 8th Agricultural Construction Division. From May 21 to 26, 1956, the first CPC Congress of the 8th Agricultural Construction Division was held. Elected the first committee of 15 people, Yu Zhengdong (鱼正东) was the CPC secretary, and Liu Bingzhen (刘炳正) was the CPC deputy secretary.[6]

On August 29, 1967, the temporary Cultural Revolution Committee of the 8th Agricultural Construction Division was established. On October 4, Gong Jianzhang (龚建章) was appointed as the director. On December 2, 1968, the 8th Agricultural Construction Division established a temporary CPC committee with five members of the standing committee, Duan Yifeng (段一峰) as the secretary, and Xiao Fengrui (肖凤瑞) as the deputy secretary. In August of the same year, the division held the Cultural Revolutionary Activist Conference, and elected the Cultural Revolutionary Committee of the division, with 61 members, 23 members of the Standing Committee, Director Duan Yifeng, and 2nd Director Xiao Fengrui (肖凤瑞).

On July 7, 1969, the XPCC made a decision to change the new military designation of army units in the corps: the former 7th Anjihai Farm (安集海七场) of the 8th Agricultural Construction Division was changed as 141th Regiment, the 22nd Regiment Farm (二十二团农场) as the 142nd Regiment, the 23rd Regiment Farm (二十三团农场) as the 143rd Regiment, Shihezi headquarters Farm (石河子总场) as the 145th Regiment and 146th Regiment, the 30th Regiment Farm (三十团农场) as the 147th Regiment, the 2nd Mosuowan Farm (莫索湾二场) as the 148th Regiment, the 5th Mosuowan Farm (莫索湾五场) as the 149th Regiment, Gongqingtuan Farm (共青团农场) as the 150th Regiment, Ziniquan breedingsheep Farm (紫泥泉种羊场) as the 151th Regiment. At the end of the year, 144th Regiment was formed.[7]

On June 1–4, 1971, the 8th Agricultural Construction Division held the 2nd CPC Congress, and elected 43 members of its 2nd committee. The committee elected 12 members of the Standing Committee, and Duan Yifeng served as Secretary and Zhang Shengke as Deputy secretary. On April 20, 1975, the CPC Central Committee approved "Request for Strengthening the CPC's Unified Leadership and Changing the XPCC", and agreed to revoke the XPCC and its affiliated organizations. According to the arrangement, the 8th Agricultural Construction Division was cancelled.[6]

Present

On December 3, 1981, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission decided to resume the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps system and be under the dual leadership of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (农垦部). The 8th Agricultural Construction Division was resumed and the use of the military designation began on May 25, 1982. the 8th Agricultural Construction Division of the XPCC (新疆生产建设兵团农业建设农八师; abbreviation for 兵团农八师) was approved to rename as the present 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps by the State Commission Office for Public Sector Reform on October 25, 2012.[1]

Regiments

13 Regiments and the Headquarters Farm of the 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps[8]
Present regimentsFormer regiments[7][8]Based on placesCounties2000 Census2010 Census
8th Division兵团8师8th Division兵团农8师590,115624,377
Shihezi石河子Shihezi石河子Shihezi石河子Shihezi石河子298,885380,130
Shihezi Headquarters Farm总场145th Regiment
146th Regiment
145,146团Beiquan Town北泉镇Shihezi石河子52,01139,631
152nd Regiment152团152nd Regiment152团South of Shihezi石河子南Shihezi石河子3,4733,205
121st Regiment121团121st Regiment121团Paotai炮台Shawan County[9]沙湾县22,54038,320
122nd Regiment122团Dongye东野Shawan County沙湾县17,724
133rd Regiment133团132nd Regiment132团Hongguang红光Shawan County沙湾县11,16719,919
133rd Regiment133团Xiyedi西野地Shawan County沙湾县13,908
134th Regiment134团134th Regiment134团Xiayedi下野地Shawan County沙湾县15,68818,801
135th Regiment135团Shamenzi沙门子Shawan County沙湾县8,531
141st Regiment141团141st Regiment141团Beiye北野Shawan County沙湾县12,32810,023
142nd Regiment142团142nd Regiment142团Xin'anji新安集Shawan County沙湾县30,11027,588
143rd Regiment143团143rd Regiment143团Huanyuan花园Shawan County沙湾县34,02537,902
151st Regiment151团Ziniquan紫泥泉Shawan County沙湾县4,877
144th Regiment144团144th Regiment144团Zhongjiazhuang钟家庄Shawan County沙湾县16,90911,598
147th Regiment147团147th Regiment147团Shihutan十户滩Manas County[10]玛纳斯县17,47114,311
148th Regiment148团148th Regiment148团Mosuowan莫索湾Manas County玛纳斯县30,82727,302
149th Regiment149团149th Regiment149团Donggucheng东古城Manas County玛纳斯县17,96715,660
150th Regiment150团150th Regiment150团Xigucheng西古城Manas County玛纳斯县19,00514,435
136th Regiment136团136th Regiment136团Xiaoguai小拐镇Karamay District[11]克拉玛依区9,8048,388

Geography

The Shihezi Reclamation Area of the 8th Division is located in the northern foothills of Tianshan, the southern margin of the Junggar Basin, the east longitude is 84°58′- 86°24′, and the north latitude is 43°26′- 45°20. Its agricultural and pastoral regiment farms, and factories and mines in a number of groups, are kept in Shihezi, Karamay cities and Shawan, Manas counties. The northeast is connected with Lanzhouwan Township (兰洲湾乡) and the Xinghu Headquarters Farm (农六师新湖总场) Of the 6th Division in Manas County, the southern part is directly connected to Hejing County in the mountainous region in Shawan County, the west is adjacent to the city of Kuytun in the western part of Shawan County, the north-west is deep into the city of Karamay, and the north is bordered by the Gurbantünggüt Desert.[12]

Economy

According to preliminary accounting, in the year of 2018, the gross domestic product of Shihezi Reclamation Area reached CN¥54,851 million (US$8,289 million), an increase of 4.6% over the previous year. The value added of the primary industry was CN¥8,955 million (US$1,353 million), an increase of 7.8%, the value added of the secondary industry decreased by 5.6% to CN¥19,764 million (US$2,987 million), and the value added of the tertiary industry was CN¥25,059 million (US$3,787 million), an increase of 12.8%. The GDP per capita is CN¥82,584 (US$12,480). At the end of the year, 330,400 people were employed in the reclamation area.[4]

Agriculture

As of 2018, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was CN¥20,744 million (US$3,135 million), an increase of 6.1% over the previous year. The annual crop planting area was 286.7 thou hectares, among them, the grain sown area is 13.57 thou hectares, and the cotton planting area is 25.21 thou hectares. The annual total grain output was 122 thou tons, the total cotton output was 610.6 thou tons, the vegetables were 449.1 thou tons, the fruit output was 253.4 thou tons, and the industrial tomato sauce was 127.2 thou tons. The annual total meat output was 90.1 thou tons, the milk output was 268.7 thou tons, and the eggs were 17.6 thou tons. At the end of the year, there were 860.2 thou heads of livestock, including 105.6 thou heads of cattle, 522.6 thou heads of pigs and 232.2 thou sheep. The number of livestock on hand was 1.129 million heads, including 47.2 thou heads of cattle, 908.1 thou heads of pigs and 171.2 thou sheep. The annual output of aquatic products was 9,500 tons.[4]

Manufacturing industry

In the manufacturing sector, the 8th Division is based on cotton yarns, chemicals, cement, electrolytic aluminum, raw coal mining, food and beverages, and food materials as the pillar industries. In year of 2018, the 8th Division produced 133.16 thou tons of cotton yarn, 2.16 million tons of calcium carbide, 1.30 million tons of PVC, 0.89 million tons of caustic soda, 0.18 million tons of hydrochloric acid, 54.64 thou tons of plastic products, 2.59 million tons of cement, and electrolytic aluminum 1.17 million tons, raw coal 0.23 million tons, dairy products 60.74 thou tons, tomato sauce 49.76 thou tons, instant noodles 23.19 thou tons, refined edible vegetable oil 53.87 thou tons, wheat flour 41.54 thou tons.[4]

Economic and Technological Development Zone

The Shihezi Economic and Technological Development Zone is located in the eastern suburbs of Shihezi City. It was established in December 1992 with the approval of the Xinjiang Government and was upgraded to a national economic and technological development zone with the approval of the State Council on April 24, 2000.[13] On March 14, 2014, the Ministry of Science and Technology was recognized as the "A-Class National New Materials High-tech Industrialization Base (A类国家新材料高新技术产业化基地)."[14] In 2018, the development zone achieved a GDP of CN¥21.52 billion (US$3.25 billion), up 6.5% YoY, of which the value added of the secondary industry was CN¥15,580 million (US$2,354 million), up 8.2% YoY, and the value added of the tertiary industry was CN¥5,940 million (US$898 million), up 2.4% YoY. The fixed assets investment was CN¥5,290 million (US$799 million), down 51.1% YoY. 55 new projects were signed, CN¥27,420 million (US$4,144 million) was invested, its tax was about CN¥6 billion (US$907 million), and 470 new registered enterprises were added, reaching a total of 3,180 in 2018.[15]

References

  1. 关于新疆生产建设兵团各农业建设师更名批复(二〇一二年十月二十五日). bingtuannet.com. 2019-01-03. Retrieved 2019-08-24.
  2. 石河子市概况. chinaxinjiang.cn. 2014-12-25. Retrieved 2019-08-28.
  3. about the divisions, direct-managed county-level citties, direct-managed towns and their information of the XPCC, see 关于印发《“十三五”时期兵团新型城镇化发展规划》的通知. xjbt.gov.cn. 2016-08-11. Retrieved 2019-09-02., also see 关于印发《“十三五”时期兵团新型城镇化发展规划》的通知. btdsss.gov.cn. 2017-09-06. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  4. 第八师石河子市2018年国民经济和社会发展统计公报. gov.cn. 2019-04-10. Retrieved 2019-09-04.
  5. 第八师石河子市“师市合一”管理体制运行中的几个问题. xjbt.gov.cn. 2018-01-13. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  6. 第9军26师(农八师)简史. 360doc.com. 2017-02-12. Retrieved 2019-08-28.
  7. about the history of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and its divisions, see 新疆生产建设兵团的前世今生. Sohu. 2018-09-25. Retrieved 2019-08-31.; about the history of 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and Shihezi City, see 石河子市概况. chinaxinjiang. 2014-12-25. Retrieved 2019-08-31.
  8. the allocation of historic regiments in the 8th Division of the XPCC, the 2000 census population in the 8th Division, its historic regiments and Shihezi City, the 2010 census population in the 152nd Regiment, the Headquarters Farm (Beiquan Town) and Shihezi City are based on the History of Shihezi City (石河子市历史沿革); also see 石河子市历史沿革. xzqh.org. 2015-04-18. Retrieved 2019-08-30.; 石河子简介概况. 民生社区. Retrieved 2019-08-31.
  9. the 2010 census population of 7 regiments of 8th Division of the XPCC based in Shawan County, according to the History of Shawan County (沙湾县历史沿革), also see 沙湾县历史沿革. xzqh.org. 2014-12-04. Retrieved 2019-08-30.
  10. the 2010 census population of 4 regiments of 8th Division of the XPCC based in Manas County, according to the History of Manas County (玛纳斯县历史沿革), also see 玛纳斯县历史沿革. xzqh.org. 2015-02-10. Retrieved 2019-08-30.
  11. the 2010 census population of 129th Regiment and 136th Regiment of the XPCC based in Karamay District, according to the History of Karamay District (克拉玛依区历史沿革), also see 克拉玛依区历史沿革. xzqh.org. 2015-02-10. Retrieved 2019-08-30.
  12. (第八师垦区、石河子市)区域位置. gov.cn. Retrieved 2019-09-04.
  13. 国务院办公厅关于新疆生产建设兵团石河子经济技术开发区的复函(二○○○年四月二十四日). gov.cn. 2000-04-24. Retrieved 2019-09-05.
  14. 科技部高新司关于公布2013年度国家高新技术产业化基地和现代服务业产业化基地复核结果的函. most.gov.cn. 2014-03-14. Retrieved 2019-09-05.
  15. 国家级石河子经济技术开发区简介. shz.gov.cn. 2019-04-01. Retrieved 2019-09-05.
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