Achatinidae

Achatinidae (New Latin, from Greek "agate") is a family of medium to large sized tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks from Africa.

Achatinidae
Temporal range: Eocene–Recent
Giant East African Snail, Achatina fulica
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Superorder: Eupulmonata
Order: Stylommatophora
Suborder: Achatinina
Superfamily: Achatinoidea
Family: Achatinidae
Swainson, 1840[1]
Diversity[2]
176 extant species and subspecies in 16 genera within Achatinidae sensu stricto

Well known species include Achatina achatina the Giant African Snail, and Achatina fulica the Giant East African Snail.

As of 2011 there were recognized 176 extant species and subspecies in 16 genera within Achatinidae.[2]

Distribution

The native distribution of Achatinidae is Africa south of the Sahara.[3]

Anatomy

In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table).[4]

Taxonomy

The family Achatinidae is classified within the informal group Sigmurethra, itself belonging to the clade Stylommatophora within the clade Eupulmonata (according to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).[5]

As of 2017, the family Achatinidae contains the following subfamilies:[6]

  • Achatininae Swainson, 1840 - synonyms: Urceidae Chaper, 1884; Ampullidae Winckworth, 1945
  • Coeliaxinae Pilsbry, 1907
  • Cryptelasminae Germain, 1916
  • Glessulinae Godwin-Austin, 1920
  • Opeatinae Thiele, 1931
  • Petriolinae Schileyko, 1999
  • Pyrgininae Germain, 1916
  • Rishetiinae Schileyko, 1999
  • Rumininae Wenz, 1923
  • Stenogyrinae P. Fischer & Crosse, 1877
  • Subulininae P. Fischer & Crosse, 1877
  • Thyrophorellinae Girard, 1895

Genera
Burtoa nilotica shell

Genera in the family Achatinidae include:[6]

Achatininae

  • Achatina Lamarck, 1799 - type genus of the family Achatinidae[5]
  • Archachatina Albers, 1850[7]
  • Atopocochlis Crosse & P. Fischer, 1888
  • Bequaertina Mead, 1994
  • Brownisca Mead, 2004
  • Bruggenina Mead, 2004[8]
  • Burtoa Bourguignat, 1889
  • Callistoplepa Ancey, 1888
  • Cochlitoma Férussac, 1821
  • Columna Perry, 1811
  • Leptocala Ancey, 1888
  • Leptocalina Bequaert, 1950
  • Leptocallista Pilsbry, 1904
  • Lignus Gray, 1834
  • Limicolaria Schumacher, 1817
  • Limicolariopsis d'Ailly, 1910
  • Metachatina Pilsbry, 1904
  • Pseudachatina Albers, 1850

Coeliaxinae

  • Coeliaxis H. Adams & Angas, 1865
  • Ischnocion Pilsbry, 1907
  • Neosubulina Smith, 1898

Cryptelasminae

  • Cryptelasmus Pilsbry, 1907
  • Thomea Girard, 1893

Glessulinae

  • Glessula Martens, 1860

Opeatinae

  • Eremopeas Pilsbry, 1906
  • Opeas Albers, 1850

Petriolinae

  • Bocageia Girard, 1893
  • Ceras Dupuis & Putzeys, 1901
  • Chilonopsis Fischer de Waldheim, 1848
  • Cleostyla Dall, 1896
  • Comoropeas Pilsbry, 1906
  • Dictyoglessula Pilsbry, 1919
  • Homorus Albers, 1850
  • Ischnoglessula Pilsbry, 1919
  • Itiopiana Preston, 1910
  • Kempioconcha Preston, 1913
  • Liobocageia Pilsbry, 1919
  • Mabilliella Ancey, 1886
  • Nothapalinus Connolly, 1923
  • Nothapalus von Martens, 1897
  • Oleata Ortiz de Zarate, 1959
  • Oreohomorus Pilsbry, 1919
  • Petriola Dall, 1905
  • Subuliniscus Pilsbry, 1919
  • Subulona Martens, 1889

Pyrgininae

  • Pseudobalea Shuttleworth, 1854
  • Pyrgina Greef, 1882

Rishetiinae

  • Bacillum Theobald, 1840
  • Eutomopeas Pilsbry, 1946
  • Rishetia Godwin-Austen, 1920
  • Tortaxis Pilsbry, 1906

Rumininae

  • Balfouria Crosse, 1884
  • Krapfiella Preston, 1911
  • Lubricetta Haas, 1928
  • Namibiella Zilch, 1954
  • Riebeckia von Martens, 1883
  • Rumina Risso, 1826
  • Xerocerastus Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1902

Stenogyrinae

  • Chryserpes Pilsbry, 1906
  • Cupulella Aguayo & Jaume, 1948
  • Dolicholestes Pilsbry, 1906
  • Lyobasis Pilsbry, 1903
  • Neobeliscus Pilsbry, 1896
  • Obeliscus Beck, 1837
  • Ochroderma Ancey, 1885
  • Ochrodermatina Thiele, 1931
  • Ochrodermella Pilsbry, 1907
  • Plicaxis Sykes, 1903
  • Promoussonius Pilsbry, 1906
  • Protobeliscus Pilsbry, 1906
  • Rhodea Adams & Adams, 1855
  • Stenogyra Shuttleworth, 1854
  • Synapterpes Pilsbry, 1896
  • Zoniferella Pilsbry, 1906

Subulininae

Thyrophorellinae

References
  1. Swainson W. J. (1840). A treatise on malacology161: 334.
  2. Protiva T. (2011). Oblovky plži čeledi Achatinidae. Robimaus, 72 pp., ISBN 9788087293225.
  3. "Family summary for Achatinidae". AnimalBase, last change 24-11-2007, accessed 3 August 2010
  4. Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
  5. Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
  6. Bank, R. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017.. World Register of Marine Species, Retrieved 10 January 2019.
  7. Achatininae in www.petsnails.co.uk
  8. Mead A. R. (2004). "Comparative reproductive anatomy in the South African giant land snails (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Achatinidae)". Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden 78: 417-449.
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