All Pakistan Awami Muslim League

All Pakistan Awami Muslim League (Urdu: آل پاکستان عوامی مسلم لیگ‎) is a Pakistani political party founded by Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy in February 1950. Pir of Manki Sharif and Khan Ghulam Mohammad Khan from the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) joined it soon afterwards.[1][2]

Around the same time, Iftikhar Mamdot, who was dismissed from the premiership of Punjab, formed a party called Jinnah Muslim League. The two parties merged to form Jinnah Awami Muslim League prior to the provincial elections in 1951.[3]

In the Punjab provincial election in 1951, the Jinnah Awami Muslim League polled 18.3 percent votes and won 32 seats.[3] In the NWFP, it won 4 seats.[1]

In East Pakistan, East Pakistan Awami Muslim League was founded by Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani and Yar Mohammad Khan in June 1949.[2] It was established as the Bengali alternative to the Urdu dominated Muslim League in Pakistan and over centralization of the government. The party quickly gained massive popular support in East Bengal.[4] In the 1954 provincial election in Bengal, the party won 143 seats. The United Front of East Pakistan led by Haq, Bhasani and Surahwardhy the party won a total of 223 seats, soundly defeating the Muslim League with 10 seats.[5]

Subsequently, the two parties merged in 1959 and used the name All Pakistan Awami Muslim League.[6] The party later dropped All Pakistan and named the party Awami Muslim League in East Pakistan. Later, the party evolved under the leadership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (himself a former aide to Suharwardy) and was named the Awami League .[4] After long arduous consultations and negotiations by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman with the west Pakistan establishment of remaining united as a single nation without bloodshed eventually led the forces of Bangladesh nationalism in the struggle against West Pakistan's military, socio economic and political control, and the civil establishment.[4]

The All Pakistan Awami Muslim League was formed as a breakaway faction of the "All Pakistan Muslim League" in 1949, within two years of the formation of Pakistan. The word Muslim was dropped in 1953.

References
  1. Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan 2009, p. 269.
  2. Chowdhury, Moulana Bhashani Leader of the Toiling Masses 2012, p. 72.
  3. Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan 2009, p. 264.
  4. Abu Zafar Shamsddin, Atmasriti (Self-memories) -1st part, Dhaka, 2011.
  5. Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan 2009, p. 277–278.
  6. Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan 2009, p. 274.

Bibliography
  • Chowdhury, Anisuzzaman (2012), Moulana Bhashani Leader of the Toiling Masses: Leader of the Toiling Masses, Moulana Bhashani Foundation, ISBN 978-1-4691-3790-2
  • Kamran, Tahir (2009), "Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan: 1950s" (PDF), South Asian Studies, 24 (2): 257–282
  • Samad, Yunas (1995), A Nation in Turmoil: Nationalism and Ethnicity in Pakistan, 1937-1958, Sage, ISBN 978-0-8039-9214-6


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