Bauman Moscow State Technical University

Russian anniversary postage stamp with the Main Building of the Bauman University, 2005

Bauman University is the second oldest educational institution in Russia after Lomonosov Moscow State University (1755). In 1763, the Russian empress Catherine II founded the Educational Imperial House. On 5 October 1826 the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna issued a decree to establish «great workshops for different crafts with bedrooms, a dining room, etc.» as a part of the Moscow Foundling Home in the German Quarter. All craft pupils were moved from the Orphanage there. On 1 July 1830 Emperor Nicholas I approved «Statute of Moscow Craft School». It was the inception of the first Russian technical university.

Russia's developing industry needed skilled labor in many trades. So, the aim of the new school was to train skillful artisans with a solid theoretical background to improve and spread skills in various trades all over Russia. New school was created to teach various crafts as well as basic sciences. By 1868 education became so good that MCS was reorganised into the Imperial Moscow Technical School (IMTS) under the directorship of Victor Della-Vos. The main purpose of IMTS was to «educate construction engineers, mechanical engineers and industrial technologists». IMTS achieved outstanding results in technology, chemical, food and textile industry, metal and wood treatment, and mechanical sciences.

The IMTS was financially supported by the Government and industrialists. Its management was democratic. But a key feature of the new institution was its educational system called the "Russian method",[4] which unifies a broad and intensive theoretical preparation with a deep practical education closely connected with industries. Under his leadership the school participated in the Universal Exposition in 1873 in Vienna and the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition of 1876, where this method won a gold prize. It proved to be influential on John Daniel Runkle when he introduced manual training alongside theoretical training at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[5] It was also applied to other American technical universities.[6] IMTS was recognized the best machine-building education institution of Russia and joined the ranks of the world leading polytechnic schools. A lot of outstanding scientists taught in IMTS, such as D. Mendeleev, N. Jukovsky, P. Chebychev, S. Chaplygin, A. Yershov, D. Sovetkin, F. Dmitriev, A. Letnikov, A. Gavrilenko.

In the Soviet period it was renamed Bauman Moscow Higher Technical School (BMHTS), after revolutionary Nikolay Bauman. BMHTS continued education of engineers for machine and instrument building. In 1938, new military departments were created in MHTS: tank, artillery, and ammunition. In 1948, rocket department was added.

During the first half of the 20th century, Bauman University formed and founded more than 70 technical universities in the USSR. Some of them are now well known institutions, such as Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Moscow University of Civil Engineering, Moscow Chemical Institute, Moscow Communication and Informatics University, Central Aerohydrodynamics Institute TSAGI, and the Military Academy of Aviation Engineering Joukovski.[7]

On 27 July 1989 USSR State committee for peoples education conferred on Moscow Higher Technical School a name of Bauman Moscow Technical University (BMSTU). BMSTU was honored to be the first Russian technical university. Nearly 200,000 students graduated from the University. Most of them chose to become scientists or engineers in leading research centers, universities, private and government owned companies. Many of government officials, chief designers, CEOs of big enterprises, and cosmonauts are Bauman graduates.

Many Bauman University graduates are world-renowned: Sergei Korolev for the first satellite in space and first man and woman in space, Andrey Tupolev for the world first supersonic passenger plane, Nikolay Dollezhal for the world first civil nuclear plant, Vladimir Shukhov for the first method and the world first petrol cracking plant as well as for the first hyperboloid structures in architecture, Nikolay Zhukovsky for the foundation of aerodynamics and hydrodynamics sciences, Pavel Sukhoi for the foundation of Sukhoi Aerospace Design Bureau. Some of the specialized departments of BMSTU are located outside Moscow in cities of Moscow Oblast: Krasnogorsk (Russian: Красногорск), Reutov (Russian: Реутов), Korolyov (Russian: Королёв). There is also a large branch of the University in Kaluga (Russian: Калуга).

Main Building of the Bauman University. View from the Yauza River side

BMSTU has 19 departments providing full-time education. University provides postgraduate and doctorate programs and has two affiliated secondary schools. More than 19,000 students study in BMSTU, and specialties cover all range of modern machine and instrument building. More than 320 doctor of sciences and 2000 candidates of science (equivalent to a Ph.D. or a D.Phil.) teach and do research in BMSTU. Main parts of the University are eight scientific and educational divisions. Each of them consists of scientific and educational branch. Several branch departments also exist, they deal with particular fields of industry. They are based on big factories and organizations, situated in Moscow, Moscow suburbs (Reutov, Krasnogorsk and Korolev) and in Kaluga. BMSTU has unique experience of teaching hearing-impaired students since 1934. Bauman University annually grants 800 to 3,000 students free room and board in one of 13 university residences.

The Bauman University is commonly regarded as one of Russia's most prestigious universities and has high entry requirements for its prospective students. The Bauman University is regularly ranked on the first place in official government and business press rating.[8][9][10][11] The Bauman University also regularly occupies top 3 places in rating of alumni hunted by biggest Russian companies.[12][13] In 2011/2012 QS World University rankings BMSTU occupied the 379th position in overall ranking[14] and the 229th in Engineering & IT section.[15]

The Bauman University has a National Research Center status, the financing of Bauman University is provided by a separate expense asset of Russian National Budget independently of Ministry of Education.[16] Bauman University – National Technological University – carries research in cutting-edge areas of science and technology, basing on eight technological platforms. 32 companies included BMSTU in their innovational programs. Today the University conducts 90 considerable scientific programs in different fields. BMSTU is Skolkovo innovation center founder.

The feature of BMSTU is a close cooperation with industrial, scientific, educational and cultural institutions. TsAGI, Jukovsky Air Force Academy, NAMI, TsIAM, some departments of Chemical Machine Building Institute, Chemical Technology Institute and Engineering Physics Institute, Military Academy of Chemical Defense, MAI, Power Engineering Institute, Architectural Institute, and another leading scientific, educational and industrial institutions are BMSTU successors. Their staff is aimed at new scientific and technological achievements.

Now strategy of the University is to provide human resources for cutting-edge areas of Russian science and technology, in prior economic development directions of the country, such as: information and communication systems; nanosystems and materials industry; power supply and conservation; biosystems; security and counterterrorism; transportation and aerospace systems; promising military equipment.

More than 200,000 engineers have graduated since the institute was founded.

Educational and Laboratory Building of the BMSTU and the monument to Sergei Korolev

The admission process includes three exams on math, physics and Russian. The university accepts one in ten applicants, which means that there are more than 30000 applicants.[17] More than 2,600 of them pass through two years of preparation courses, another 2,000 follow studies in high schools partners of Bauman University.[18] Participation in admission process requires a gage of original high school certificate which prevents applicants to take part in Lomonosov Moscow State University admission process at the same time.[19]

The academic year in this university begins on 1 September, and is divided into two terms (semesters). Students take exams at the end of each semester. The course of study lasts 6 years without interrupt for engineer specialist degree. But over the last few years the Bauman University has continued to integrate with the Bologna Process. And today some students learn using two step educational system. The first two years students study general engineering subjects. In the third year students begin to study specialized subjects.

The university scientific library is one of the eldest among Russian universities. It was founded in 1830. The library fund includes 2.7 million of storage units of educational and scientific literature. An important part of the library fund is a collection of reports and theses made by BMSTU scientists

Bauman University is one of the three Russian universities (along with Lomonosov Moscow State University and Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University) that started in 1926 military education of students. Today military institute carries out training of military officers of 21 specialties. Military specialties are based on civil ones and help to teach high-qualified civil specialists. The institute consists of five military subdepartments (one of them is in Kaluga branch), civil defense subdepartment and military training center. Practical training is carried out in Dmitrov branch, where military hardware is deployed.

The Bauman University Publishing House was established in January, 1989[21] on the base of university publishing department. The House publishes manuals, handbooks, monographs and study guides for BMSTU and other technical universities.

The first issue of Baumanets newspaper was printed on 18 February 1923. At that time the newspaper was called Udarnik. It has been printed for 90 years since then. All the events of university life are reflected on its pages. Today Baumanets has hard copies and electronic version, presented in Bauman site.

In 1990 Bauman Publishing House started issuing theoretical and applied broad-scoped "Vestnik MSTU". There are educational materials in different scientific areas: Physical and Mathematical sciences, Information and Computer science, Optics, Mechanical, Radio, Instrument and Power Engineering, Laser Technology, Economics, Law and other subjects.

• Sergei Pavlovich Korolev - Lead Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer, founder of soviet cosmonautics
• Vladimir Grigorievich Shukhov - Russian engineer, scientist and architect, inventor of the Shukhov cracking process
• Vladimir Solovyov - Soviet cosmonaut and first man on Mir
• Andrey Nikolaevich Tupolev - pioneering Soviet aircraft engineer, chief designer of the "Tupolev" aircraft
• Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi - Soviet aerospace engineer, chief designer of the "Sukhoi" military aircraft
• Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev - Russian mathematician and mechanician

• Eugene Eruslanov - Russian mathematician

• Vladimir Mikhailovich Myasishchev - Soviet aircraft designer
• Georgy Malenkov - Prime Minister of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
• Nikolai Yegorovich Zhukovsky - Russian scientist and mechanician, founder of modern aerodynamics
• Vladimir Nikolayevich Chelomei - Soviet mechanics scientist, aviation and missile engineer
• Nikolay Alekseevich Pilyugin - Soviet chief designer of rocket guidance systems
• Semyon Alekseyevich Lavochkin - Soviet aircraft designer, founder of the Lavochkin aircraft design bureau
• Vladimir Mikhailovich Petlyakov - Soviet aeronautical engineer
• Sergey Alexeyevich Chaplygin - Russian and Soviet physicist, mathematician, and mechanical engineer
• Sergei Alekseyevich Lebedev - Soviet scientist in the fields of electrical engineering and computer science, designer of the first Soviet computers
• Ivan Georgievich Petrovsky - Soviet mathematician
• Vladimir Evgenievich Zotikov - Russian and Soviet scientist and textile engineer
• Lev Iakovlevich Karpov - Russian Chemist and Bolshevik revolutionary
• Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov - Soviet physicist, the President of the USSR Academy of Sciences
• Arkady Grigoryevich Mordvinov - Soviet architect and construction manager
• Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Mikulin - Soviet aircraft engine designer and chief designer in the Mikulin design bureau
• Sergey Alexandrovich Afanasyev - Soviet engineer and statesman, space and defence industry executive, the first Minister of the Soviet Ministry of General Machine Building.
• Alfred Rosenberg - German Nazi political figure, influential ideologue of the NSDAP, executed for war crimes
• Sergey Pavlovich Nepobedimiy - Soviet designer of rocket weaponry
• Nikolay Antonovich Dollezhal - Soviet mechanical engineer, a key figure in Soviet atomic bomb project and chief designer of nuclear reactors
• Vladimir Pavlovich Barmin - Soviet scientist, designer of the rocket launch complexes
• Alexander Leonovich Kemurdzhian - Soviet engineer, first planetary rovers chassis designer
• Konstantin Petrovich Feoktistov - Soviet cosmonaut and space engineer
• Oleg Ivanovich Skripochka - Soviet cosmonaut and space engineer
• Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov - Soviet cosmonaut.
• Gennadi Mikhailovich Strekalov - Soviet engineer and cosmonaut
• Vassili Nesterenko - Soviet Nuclear Energy physicist
• Maksim Zakharovich Saburov - Soviet engineer, economist and politician
• Zou Jiahua - former Vice Premier of China
• Georgy Trefilov - founder and the former co-owner of the "MARTA" holding
• Dmitry Grishin - Russian businessman, investor and Internet entrepreneur. Co-founder, Chairman and CEO of Mail.ru Group
• Dmitry Sklyarov - Russian programmer, hacker and cryptographer
• Igor Sysoev - creator and developer of the Nginx Web server and founder of NGINX, Inc
• Alexander Volkov (fighter) - professional Mixed Martial Artist, current UFC Heavyweight contender[22]

• 
  Sergei Pavlovich Korolev
• 
  Vladimir Grigoryevich Shukhov
• 
  Vladimir Evgenievich Zotikov
• 
  Konstantin Petrovich Feoktistov
• 
  Sergey Alexandrovich Afanasyev
• 
  Gennadi Mikhailovich Strekalov
• 
  Oleg Ivanovich Skripochka

• SPECIAL MACHINERY (SM)
  • SM-1 Space Vehicles and Carrier Rockets
  • SM-2 Aerospace Systems
  • SM-3 Ballistics and Aerodynamics
  • SM-4 High-accuracy Flight Units
  • SM-5 Autonomous Information and Control Systems
  • SM-6 Missile and Impulse Systems
  • SM-7 Special Robotics and Mechatronics
  • SM-8 Launch Rocket Complex
  • SM-9 Multipurpose Tracked Vehicles and Mobile Robots
  • SM-10 Wheel Vehicles
  • SM-11 Submarine Robots and Apparatus
  • SM-12 Technology of Manufacturing for Aerospace
  • SM-13 Composite Materials for Aerospace
• INFORMATICS AND CONTROL SYSTEMS (IU)
  • IU-1 Automatic Control Systems for Flight Vehicles
  • IU-2 Gyroscopic Instruments and Systems for orientation, navigation and stabilization
  • IU-3 Information Systems and Telecommunications
  • IU-4 Electronic Equipment Design and Technology
  • IU-5 Automatic Information Processing and Control Systems
  • IU-6 Computer Systems, Complexes and Networks
  • IU-7 Software for Computers and Automation Systems
  • IU-8 Information Security
  • IU-9 Computer Design and Technology
• MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY (MT)
  • МТ-1 Metal-Cutting Machine Tools
  • МТ-2 Tool Technics
  • МТ-3 Technologies of Mechanical Engineering
  • МТ-4 Metrology and Interchangeability
  • МТ-5 Casting Technology
  • МТ-6 Technologies of Processing by Pressure
  • МТ-7 Technologies of Welding and Diagnostics
  • МТ-8 Materials Technology
  • MT-9 Industrial Design
  • МТ-10 The Equipment and Technologies Flatting Rinks
  • МТ-11 Electronic Technologies in Mechanical Engineering
  • МТ-12 Laser Technologies in Mechanical Engineering
  • МТ-13 Technologies of Materials Processing
• ROBOTICS AND COMPLEX AUTOMATION (RK)
  • RK-1 Engineering Drawing
  • RK-2 Theory of Mechanisms and Machines
  • RK-3 Bases of Machine Designing
  • RK-4 Lifting-, Transport-, Construction Machines
  • RK-5 Applied Mechanics
  • RK-6 Computer Aided Design and Engineering
  • RK-9 Computer Systems of Manufacture Automation
  • RK-10 Robotic Systems[23]
• POWER ENGINEERING (E)
  • E-1 Rocket Engines
  • E-2 Piston Engines
  • E-3 Gas Turbine Plants and Nonconventional Power Installations
  • E-4 The Refrigerating, Cryogenic Technics, Central Airs and Life-support
  • E-5 The Vacuum and Compressor Technics
  • E-6 Thermophysics
  • E-7 Nuclear Reactors and Installations
  • E-8 Plasma Power Installations
  • E-9 Ecology and Industrial Safety
  • E-10 Hydromechanics, Hydromachines and Hydro-Pneumoautomatics
• RADIOELECTRONICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGIES (RL)
  • RL-1 Radio-Electronic Systems and Devices
  • RL-2 Laser and Optic-Electronic Systems
  • RL-3 Optic-Electronic Devices for Scientific Research
  • RL-4 Theoretical Bases of Electrotechnology
  • RL-5 Subunits of Apparatus Devices
  • RL-6 Technologies of Device Making
• BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES (BMT)
  • BMT-1 Biomedical Technical Systems
  • BMT-2 Medic-Technical Information Technologies
  • BMT-3 Valeology
  • BMT-4 Medic-Technical Management
• FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCES (FN)
  • FN-1 Higher Mathematics
  • FN-2 Applied Mathematics
  • FN-3 Theoretical Mechanics
  • FN-4 Physics
  • FN-5 Chemistry
  • FN-7 Electronic Engineering and Industrial Electronics
  • FN-11 Calculus Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
  • FN-12 Mathematical Modelling
• ENGINEERING BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT (EBM)
  • EBM-1 The Economic Theory
  • EBM-2 Economy and the Manufacture Organisation
  • EBM-3 Industrial Logistics
  • EBM-4 Organisation Management
  • EBM-5 Economy and Management at the Enterprise for Branches
  • EBM-6 Business and Foreign Trade Activities
  • EBM-7 Innovative Entrepreneurship
• LINGUISTICS (L)
  • L-1 Russian
  • L-2 English Language for Instrument-Making Specialities
  • L-3 English Language for Machine-Building Specialities
  • L-4 Romano-Germanic Languages
• SOCIAL AND THE HUMANITIES (SSH)
  • SSH-1 History
  • SSH-2 Sociology and Culturology
  • SSH-3 Political Science
  • SSH-4 Philosophy
• JURISPRUDENCE (JUR)
  • JUR-1 Jurisprudence
  • JUR-2 Legal Expertise
• Physical Education and Sanitation Department
• Military Education Department

• Education in Russia
• List of universities in Russia

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bauman Moscow State Technical University.

• Official web site (Russian)
• Official web site (English)
• Official web site of international activities (Russian and English)
• Unofficial web site for students (Russian)
• History of BMSTU (Russian)
• Top Industrial Managers for Europe