CRYGS

Gamma-crystallin S is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYGS gene.[4]

CRYGS
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesCRYGS, CRYG8, CTRCT20, crystallin gamma S
External IDsOMIM: 123730 MGI: 1298216 HomoloGene: 40695 GeneCards: CRYGS
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 3 (human)[1]
Band3q27.3Start186,538,441 bp[1]
End186,546,702 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

1427

12970

Ensembl

ENSG00000213139

ENSMUSG00000033501

UniProt

P22914

O35486

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_017541

NM_009967

RefSeq (protein)

NP_060011

NP_034097

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 186.54 – 186.55 Mbn/a
PubMed search[2][3]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins.

Mammalian lens crystallins are divided into alpha, beta, and gamma families; beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as a superfamily. Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. Gamma-crystallins are a homogeneous group of highly symmetrical, monomeric proteins typically lacking connecting peptides and terminal extensions. They are differentially regulated after early development. This gene encodes a protein initially considered to be a beta-crystallin but the encoded protein is monomeric and has greater sequence similarity to other gamma-crystallins. This gene encodes the most significant gamma-crystallin in adult eye lens tissue.

Whether due to aging or mutations in specific genes, gamma-crystallins have been involved in cataract formation.[4]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000213139 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Entrez Gene: CRYGS crystallin, gamma S".

Further reading


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