Coalition of the Gulf War

Under United Nations Security Council Resolution 678, a coalition of 35 countries, led by the United States, fought Iraq in the Gulf War from 1990–1991.

Coalition by number of military personnel
Multinational group (Qatari, French, U.S., and Canadian Air Forces) of fighter jets during Operation Desert Shield
A Royal Saudi Air Force Tornado F3 during Operation Desert Storm.
Coalition troops from Egypt, France, Oman, Syria, and Kuwait stand for review during Operation Desert Storm.
List of Coalition forces by number of military personnel
CountryNumber of PersonnelComments / Major Events
 United States697,000[1]Operation Desert Shield
Operation Desert Storm
Battle of Khafji
Battle of 73 Easting
Battle of Al Busayyah
Battle of Phase Line Bullet
Battle of Medina Ridge
Battle of Wadi Al-Batin
Battle of Norfolk
 Saudi Arabia60,000 – 100,000Operation Desert Shield
Battle of Khafji
Operation Desert Storm
 United Kingdom53,462[2]Operation Granby. 16 ships, 58 aircraft, 1st Armd Div HQ, 7th Armd Bde, 4th Armd Bde[3]
 Egypt35,000Operation Desert Storm
 France18,000Opération Daguet. LTG Michel Roquejoeoffre: 20,000 troops, 14 ships, 1 CV, more than 75 aircraft, 350 tanks, & 6th Armored Division.[3]
 Syria14,500Operation Desert Storm
 Morocco13,000Security Personnel
 Kuwait9,900Invasion of Kuwait
Operation Desert Storm
 Oman6,300Operation Desert Storm
 Pakistan4,900 – 5,500Backup team
 Canada4,600Operation Friction
 United Arab Emirates4,300Operation Desert Storm
 Qatar2,600Battle of Khafji
 Bangladesh2,300[4](Operation Moru-prantar) Security Personnel including 2 field Ambulance teams
 Italy1,950(Operazione Locusta) Deployed 8 Panavia Tornado strike attack aircraft, Naval deployment (Operazione Golfo 2)
 Australia700Australian contribution to the 1991 Gulf War. Australia contributed at least 1 guided missile frigate, 1 destroyer, 1 supply ship.[3]
 Netherlands700Naval deployment; Air Force deployments of Surface-to-Air Missiles to Turkey and Israel
 Niger600Patroller group. At least 480 troops guarding shrines in Mecca and Medina.[3]
 Sweden525[5]Field hospital
 Senegal500[3]Base Guards
 Spain500 on the field / 3,000 off the coastEngineers, 2 corvettes and 1 destroyer patrolling near Bab al Mandeb[3]
 Argentina4502 frigates and 450 troops[3]
 Bahrain400Base Guards
 Belgium400Base Engineers, 2 minesweepers, 1 squadron of fighters to Turkey[3]
 Poland319Operation Simoom
Naval and medical deployment
 South Korea314Medical and transportation support
 Norway280Naval vessel and field hospital + intelligence information
 Czechoslovakia200-man chemical defence unit and 150 medical personnel [3]Operation Desert Shield
Operation Desert Storm
Czechoslovakia in the Gulf War
 Greece200Hellenic Air Force Pilots and ground support staff, 1 frigate in Red Sea [3]
 Philippines200Medical personnel
 Honduras150Washington Post Jan, 15, 1991: 150 troops sent, may send 350 more.[3]
 Denmark100HDMS Olfert Fischer (Niels Juel Class Corvette)[3]
 New Zealand1002 C-130 Hercules transporter aircraft[6]
 Afghanistan 300 300 Mujaheddin joining coalition on Feb 11, 1991
 Germany 1 squadron of fighters to Turkey [4]
 Italy 4 ships, 8 Tornado fighters, 6 F-104 fighters to Turkey[3]
 Hungary40Medical team[7]

Coalition by divisions

Army Central Command

Marine Central Command

Joint Forces Command East

Joint Forces Command North

Commanders of coalition

Bangladesh
  • Zubayr Siddiqui

Czechoslovakia
  • Ján Való

Egypt

France

Italy
  • Mario Arpino

Saudi Arabia

Syria

United Kingdom

United States

Coalition by equipment

Tanks

Armored vehicles
  • M2A2 Bradley IFV (Infantry Fighting Vehicle)
  • M3A2 Bradley CFV (Cavalry Fighting Vehicle)
  • AAVP7A1 Assault Amphibian Vehicle Personnel (USMC)
  • LAV-25 Light Armored Vehicle (USMC)
  • LAV-AT Light Armored Vehicle (Anti-Tank) (USMC)
  • M113A2/A3 APC (Armored Personnel Carrier)
  • TPz Fuchs APC NBC and EW variants (UOR acquisition from Germany)
  • M901A1 ITV (Improved TOW Vehicle)

Self-propelled artillery/mortars/rockets
  • LAV-M Light Armored Vehicle (Mortar) (USMC)
  • M106A2 Self-Propelled Mortar Carrier
  • M109A2/A3/A4 155 mm SPH (Self-Propelled Howitzer)
  • M110A2 8 inch SPH (Self-Propelled Howitzer)
  • M270 MLRS Multiple Launch Rocket System

Anti-aircraft

Artillery and mortars

Engineering and recovery vehicles

Command vehicles
  • M577A2 ACP (Armored Command Post) Carrier
  • AACV7A1 (Assault Amphibian Vehicle Command) (USMC)
  • LAV-25C2 Light Armored Vehicle (Command & Control) (USMC)
  • M981 FISTV (Fire Support Team Vehicle)

Other vehicles

Helicopters

Aircraft
  • Grummans A-6E Intruder (USN, USMC)
  • Vought A-7E Corsair II (USN)
  • BAe/McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II (USMC)
  • A-10A Thunderbolt II (Warthog) (USAF)
  • Lockheed AC-130A (Spectre) Gunship (USAF)
  • Lockheed AC-130H (Spectre) Gunship (USAF)
  • Boeing B-52G Stratofortress (USAF)
  • Grumman C-2A Greyhound (USN)
  • Lockheed C-5 Galaxy (USAF)
  • McDonnell Douglas C-9B Skytrain II (USN)
  • Raytheon C-12 Huron (USAF)
  • Lockheed C-130 Hercules (USAF)
  • Lockheed C-130F Hercules (USN)
  • Lockheed C-141 Starlifter (USAF)
  • North American Rockwell CT-39G (USN)
  • McDonnell Douglas DC-9 (USN)
  • Grumman E-2C Hawkeye (USN)
  • Boeing E-3B Sentry AWACS Airborne Warning And Control System (USAF)
  • Douglas EA-3B Skywarrior (USN)
  • Lockheed EP-3E Aries II (USN)
  • Grumman EA-6B Prowler (USN)
  • Boeing E-8 Joint STARS Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (USAF)
  • General Dynamics EF-111A Raven (USAF)
  • Lockheed EC-130E/J Commando Solo (USAF)
  • Lockheed EC-130H Compass Call (USAF)
  • Boeing EC-135L Looking Glass (USAF)
  • McDonnell Douglas F-4E Phantom II (USAF)
  • McDonnell Douglas F-4G Phantom II (Wild Weasel) (USAF)
  • Grumman F-14A Tomcat (USN)
  • Grumman F-14A+(B) Tomcat (USN)
  • McDonnell Douglas F-15C Eagle (USAF)
  • McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle (USAF)
  • General Dynamics F-16A Fighting Falcon (USAF)
  • General Dynamics F-16C Fighting Falcon (USAF)
  • McDonnell Douglas F/A-18A Hornet (USN, USMC)
  • McDonnell Douglas F/A-18C Hornet (USN, USMC)
  • McDonnell Douglas F/A-18D Hornet (USMC)
  • General Dynamics F-111E Aardvark (USAF)
  • General Dynamics F-111F Aardvark (USAF)
  • Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk (USAF)
  • Lockheed HC-130 King (USAF)
  • McDonnell Douglas KC-10A Extender (USAF)
  • Lockheed KC-130F Hercules (USN, USMC)
  • Lockheed KC-130R Hercules (USMC)
  • Lockheed KC-130T Hercules (USMC)
  • Boeing KC-135E Stratotanker (USAF)
  • Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker (USAF)
  • Lockheed MC-130E Hercules Combat Talon (USAF)
  • North American Rockwell OV-10A Bronco (USMC)
  • North American Rockwell OV-10D Bronco (USMC)
  • North American Rockwell OV-10D+ Bronco (USMC)
  • Lockheed P-3B Orion (USN)
  • Lockheed P-3C Orion (USN)
  • Boeing RC-135V/W Rivet Joint (USAF)
  • McDonnell Douglas RF-4C Phantom II (USAF)
  • Lockheed S-3A Viking (USN)
  • Lockheed S-3B Viking (USN)
  • Lockheed U-2/TR-1 Dragon Lady (USAF)
  • Lockheed UP-3A Orion (USN)

Aircraft carriers

Battleships

Submarines

Amphibious assault ships

Guided missile cruisers

Destroyer tenders

Destroyers

Guided missile destroyers

Frigates

Amphibious transport docks

Ammunition ships

Dock landing ships

Tank landing ships

Fast sealift ships
  • SL-7 Type (USS Algol, USNS Bellatrix, USS Denebola, USS Pollux, USNS Altair, USS Regulus, USS Capella)

Fleet oilers
  • Neosho class (USS Neosho, USS Hassayampa, USS Ponchatoula)
  • Cimarron class (USS Platte)
  • Henry J. Kaiser class (USS Joshua Humphreys, USNS Andrew J. Higgins, USS Walter S. Diehl)

Combat stores ships

Fast combat support ships

Replenishment oiler ships
  • Wichita class (USS Kansas City, USS Kalamazoo)

Minesweepers

Repair ships
  • Vulcan class (USS Vulcan, USS Jason)

Rescue and salvage ships
  • Edenton class (USS Beaufort)

Sealift ships
  • Wright class (USS Wright, USS Curtiss)

Hospital ships

Amphibious cargo ships
  • Charleston class (USS Durham, USS Mobile)

Mine countermeasure ships

Survey ships
  • Chauvenet class (USS Chauvenet)

Light watercraft

Tanks

Armoured vehicles

Self-propelled artillery/mortars/rockets
  • FV432(M) Trojan SPMC (Self-Propelled Mortar Carrier)
  • M109 155 mm SPH (Self-Propelled Howitzer) M109A2
  • M110 8 inch SPH (Self-Propelled Howitzer) M110A2
  • MLRS (Multiple Launch Rocket System)

Anti-aircraft
  • Rapier Field Standard B2 Stationary SAM (Surface-To-Air Missile) Launcher
  • Tracked Rapier TR1 Mobile SAM (Surface-To-Air Missile) Launcher
  • Javelin LML (Lightweight Multiple Launcher) SAM (Surface-To-Air Missile) Launcher

Artillery and mortars

Engineering and recovery vehicles

Command vehicles

Other vehicles
  • Land Rover Defender
  • Leyland 4x4 4-Tonne Lorry
  • Bedford 4x4 8-Tonne Lorry
  • Leyland Daf 8x6 14-Tonne Medium Mobility Load Carrier (MMLC) Demountable Rack Offloading and Pick Up System (DROPS) Lorry.
  • Mercedes Unimog Support Vehicle
  • Harley Davidson MT530E
  • Armstrong 500
  • M548 Tracked Cargo Carrier

Aircraft

Frigates

Destroyers

Submarines

Fleet support tankers

Fast fleet tankers

Stores ships

Mine countermeasure vessels
  • Hunt class (HMS Ledbury, HMS Cattistock, HMS Dulverton, HMS Bicester, HMS Atherstone, HMS Hurworth)

Fleet repair ships

Primary casualty reception vessels

Tanks

Armoured vehicles

Self-propelled artillery/mortars/rockets
  • M109A2 155 mm SPH (Self-Propelled Howitzer)
  • AMX-GCT 155 mm SPH (Self-Propelled Howitzer)
  • ASTROS-II MLRS (Multiple Launch Rocket System)
  • M106A2 Self-Propelled Mortar Carrier
  • Cadillac Gage V-150 Commando (Mortar 81 mm)
  • Cadillac Gage V-150 Commando (Mortar 90 mm)

Artillery and mortars

Anti-aircraft
  • M163 VADS Vulcan Air Defence System
  • AMX-30SA Shahine Self-Propelled SAM (Surface-To-Air Missile) Launcher
  • AMX-30SA SPAAA (Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Artillery)
  • MIM-23 Improved Hawk SAM (Surface-To-Air Missile) Launcher
  • Shahine Stationary SAM (Surface-To-Air Missile) Launcher
  • Bofors 40 mm L/70 AAA (Anti-Aircraft Artillery)
  • Oerlikon-Buhrle Twin 35 mm GDF AAA (Anti-Aircraft Artillery)

Other vehicles

Helicopters

Aircraft
  • Lockheed C-130E Hercules (RSAF)
  • Lockheed C-130H Hercules (RSAF)
  • Boeing E-3A Sentry AWACS Airborne Warning And Control System (RSAF)
  • Northrop F-5E Tiger II (RSAF)
  • McDonnell Douglas F-15C Eagle (RSAF)
  • Lockheed KC-130H (RSAF)
  • Northrop RF-5E Tigereye (RSAF)
  • Panavia Tornado IDS Interdictor/Strike (RSAF)
  • Panavia Tornado ADV Air Defence Variant (RSAF)

Frigates

Corvettes

Patrol ships
  • Al Sadiq class (Al-Siddiq, Al-Farouq, Abdul-Aziz, Faisal, Khalid, Amr, Tariq, Ouqbah, Abu Obadiah)

Replenishment ships

Tanks
  • M-84AB MBT (Main Battle Tank)

Armoured vehicles
  • BMP-2 IFV (Infantry Fighting Vehicle)
  • M113A1 APC (Armored Personnel Carrier)

Helicopters

Aircraft

Fast attack craft
  • Lürssen FPB-57 (unknown number)
  • Lürssen TNC-45 (unknown number)

Tanks

Other armoured vehicles
  • GIAT AMX-10RC armoured car
  • Panhard AML-90 armoured car
  • Panhard ERC-90F4 Sagaie armoured car
  • GIAT VAB (Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé) wheeled troop carrier
  • GIAT VAB-PC (Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé - Poste de Commandement) command vehicle
  • GIAT VAB-VCAC/HOT (Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé - Véhicule de Combat Anti-Char) ATGM (Anti-Tank Guided Missile) launch vehicle
  • GIAT VAB-VTM (Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé - Véhicule Tracteur de Mortier) mortar tractor

Artillery and mortars
  • TR-F1 155 mm towed howitzer
  • MO-81-61C 81 mm mortar
  • MO-120-RT-61 120 mm mortar

Anti-aircraft
  • GIAT 20 mm 53T2 towed AAA (Anti-Aircraft Artillery)
  • Mistral SAM (Surface-To-Air Missile) launcher

Other vehicles
  • Peugeot P4 4WD
  • VLRA (Vehicle de Liaison et Reconnaissance de L'Armee) truck

Helicopters

Aircraft

Aircraft carriers

Amphibious transport docks

Cruisers

Destroyers

Corvettes

Minehunters

Replenishment ships

Support ships
  • Loire-class mine countermeasures support ship, Loire

Tanks
  • AMX-30S MBT (Main Battle Tank)

Fighter jets

Destroyers

Frigates

Replenishment ships

Hospital ship
  • ORP Wodnik

Salvage ship
  • ORP Piast

Other vehicles
  • Tatra T-815 (Heavy truck)
  • UAZ-4629 (All-terrain vehicle mounted with chemical reconnaissance probes)
  • ARS-12M (De-contamination truck based on Praga V3S)
  • POP (Mobile field medical truck based on Praga V3S)

Destroyers

Fighter aircraft
  • 26 CF-18

Transport aircraft

Helicopters

Patrol, surveillance aircraft
  • 1 CC-144 Challenger

Supply/replenishment ship

Destroyers

Frigates

Amphibious cargo ships

Helicopters

Transport aircraft

Destroyers

Frigates

Replenishment ships

Transport aircraft

Patrol ships

Corvettes

Frigates

Destroyers

Corvettes
  • Descubierta-class corvettes, Descubierta, Diana, Infanta Cristina, Cazadora, Vencedora

Frigates

Minehunters

Replenishment ships

Mobile field hospital
  • 53 medical personnel stationed on site

Maritime patrol aircraft
  • Two P-3C Orions

Frigates

Minehunters

Support ships
  • Zinnia-class support ship, Zinnia

Notes and references
  1. Hyams, K. C., K. Hanson, F. S. Wignall, J. Escamilla, and E. C. Oldfield, 3rd. "The Impact of Infectious Diseases on the Health of U.S. Troops Deployed to the Persian Gulf During Operations Desert Shield/Desert Storm." Reprinted with permission of Clinical Infectious Diseases. Force Health Protection & Readiness Policy & Programs, 20 June 1995. Web. 9 June 2014.
  2. "1990/1991 Gulf Conflict" retrieved 25 March 2011 "Ministry of Defence"
  3. "Desert Shield and Desert Storm: A Chronology and Troop List for the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf Crisis" (PDF). apps.dtic.mil. 1991-03-25. Retrieved 2018-12-18.
  4. Hossain, Ishtiaq (April 1997). "Bangladesh and the Gulf War: Response of a Small State". Pakistan Horizon. Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 50 (2): 42. JSTOR 41393571.
  5. http://www.mil.se/sv/i-varlden/Utlandsstyrkan/Truppinsatser/Kuwait/ Archived 2009-05-27 at the Wayback Machine Field hospital deployed as part of Operation Granby (in Swedish)
  6. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-05-22. Retrieved 2010-01-26.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Royal New Zealand Air Force website
  7. Lieutenant Colonel Joseph P. Englehardt. "DESERT SHIELD AND DESERT STORM A CHRONOLOGY AND TROOP LIST FOR THE 1990–1991 PERSIAN GULF CRISIS" (PDF). Defense Technical Information Center.
  8. OP SCALPEL War Journal
  9. "La Armada Argentina en el Golfo". Archived from the original on 2018-06-24. Retrieved 2010-06-09.
  10. El TC-91, un avión con mucha historia
  11. A 12 AÑOS DEL BOEING UNAG-1 EN LA GUERRA DEL GOLFO I Archived 2011-03-05 at the Wayback Machine
  12. https://english.defensie.nl/topics/historical-missions/mission-overview/1990/the-gulf-war/dutch-contribution
  13. http://www.wielingen1991.org/en/mission_/the_operation.htm
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