Cornelia Oberlander

partial view of grounds, Peacekeeping Monument, Ottawa, Canada

Oberlander was born at Muelheim-Ruhr, Germany, on June 20, 1921.[1] She is the niece of the German-Jewish educationalist Kurt Hahn, the founder of Schule Schloss Salem in Germany, Gordonstoun in Scotland and UWC Atlantic College in the UK; and Elisabeth Jastrow, the German-born American classical archaeologist. In 1938, when Oberlander was 18, she and her sister and mother escaped Nazi persecution after the "Kristallnacht" [Night of Broken Glass] pogrom and fled to England, and then emigrated to the United States in 1939.[2] Her mother, Beate Hahn, a horticulturist who wrote gardening books for children, fostered in her a deep love and appreciation for nature from a young age.[3] Since she had a garden bed when she was four years old and planted peas and corn, she knew the joy of growing. In an interview with Mechtild Manus, tracing the roots of Oberlander's interests in landscape architecture, Oberlander stated "At the age of eleven...I studied a mural in the artist's studio showing the river Rhine and an imaginary town. When I asked the artist about the green spaces in this mural, she told me that these were parks. When I came home I told my mother 'I want to make parks.' From there all my education was directed towards becoming a landscape architect."[2] Her mother had a truck farm during the war, in New Hampshire, which Oberlander worked on. She came to America with the hopes of exploring the professional education opportunities that involve the creation of parks and green spaces. [4]

In 1944 Oberlander received a BA from Smith College, and in 1947 was among the first class of women to graduate from Harvard with a degree in landscape architecture.[5] In her interview with Hall she states, "When I went to Smith, women who wanted to become landscape architects went to the Cambridge School, a part of Harvard University, because at that time, women could not attend Harvard. But with the war that changed, and in 1943 I was one of the very first women to be admitted to the Harvard Graduate School of Design."[6] Her future husband, Peter Oberlander, received a PhD in regional planning from Harvard, and they met at a class picnic. They were married in 1953 and had three children.[1] Peter Oberlander, a Canadian architect and Canada's first professor of Urban and Regional Planning, died on December 27, 2008.[7]

Oberlander began work with Louis Kahn and Oscar Stonorov in Philadelphia and then with landscape architect Dan Kiley in Vermont before moving with her husband in 1953 to Vancouver, where she founded a small landscape architecture firm. In Vancouver, Oberlander became interested in the modern art movement led by B.C. Binning and Ned Pratt, which combined art and architecture to address the connections between urbanism and surrounding natural settings. In 1999–2000, she contributed her expertise to the Vancouver Art Gallery's Out of This Century exhibition, guiding patrons through the selection of visual art pieces that were chosen from the gallery's permanent collection (by Oberlander and five other Vancouverites) to reflect and represent the city's art scene through the decades.[8]

The early years of Oberlander's career were dedicated to designing landscapes for low-income housing projects and playgrounds, the most famous of which is the Canadian Government Pavilion, Children's Creative Centre & play area for Expo 67 in Montreal.[9][10] Her first playground, for a 1951 public housing project for architect Louis Kahn, included a vegetable garden and a fruit tree. In public housing in Maclean Park, she designed a playground. On Skeena Terrace, on the Lougheed Highway, she included vegetable gardens.[11]

She now practices on a more commercial scale, working with architects and other professionals from different disciplines to create aesthetic solutions for challenging projects. Before beginning a project she researches it thoroughly to ensure that her innovative schemes will also be practical and long-lasting. Oberlander always approaches a project from an environmental standpoint, stating in her Convocation Address for the acceptance of an honorary degree from Simon Fraser University:

I dream of Green Cities with Green Buildings where rural and urban activities live in harmony.[...] "Achieving a fit" between the built form and the land has been my dictum. This can only be done if all our design-related professions collaborate and thereby demonstrate co-operatively their relevance in meeting the enormous developmental challenges facing our increasingly crowded urban regions.[12]

Her concern for the environment and for people in general is further exemplified by her involvement with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem on Mount Scopus. Oberlander and her husband, Peter, visited Israel for a congress with the International Federation of Landscape Architects in 1962. According to the Jewish Independent, the Oberlanders were in Israel to study irrigation systems but they "fell more deeply in love with the land and its people."[13] The Oberlanders engaged in and spearheaded many activities to benefit the university from 1979 on, including: setting up a Canadian Studies Program, bringing boxes of Canadian textbooks to Israel for donation to the university, developing a botanical garden, working with a team of planners to assist the community of Ashkalon in accommodating settlers from North Africa and Georgia, and advocating the restoration of historic buildings on the campus. The Oberlanders were recently honored for their contributions by the Vancouver chapter of Canadian Friends of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 2004 and have visited Israel many times in their philanthropic efforts.[13]

Oberlander has received the "rare and exceptional honour" of being elected to both the Canadian Society of Landscape Architects' College of Fellows (in 1981) and the American Society of Landscape Architects' Council of Fellows (in 1992).[14]

• 1981, Fellow, Canadian Society of Landscape Architects[14]
• 1990 Member of the Order of Canada[15]
• 1991 Honorary law degree, University of British Columbia[16]
• 1992, Fellow, American Society of Landscape Architects[17]
• 1992 Commemorative Medal for the 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada
• 1995 Allied Medal, Royal Architectural Institute of Canada
• 2001 Honorary law degree, Ryerson University
• 2002 Honorary law degree, Smith College
• 2004 Honoree of Canadian Friends of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem fundraising gala
• 2005 Honorary law degree, Simon Fraser University
• 2008 Honorary law degree, McGill University
• 2008 Honorary law degree, Dalhousie University
• 2009 Officer of the Order of Canada[15]
• 2011 Awarded the Sir Geoffrey Jellicoe Award of the International Federation of Landscape Architects
• 2012 Awarded the American Society of Landscape Architects Medal[18]
• 2015 Margolese National Design for Living Prize[19]
• 2016 Inaugural recipient of the Governor General's Medal in Landscape Architecture[20]
• 2016 Member of the Order of British Columbia[21]
• 2017 Companion of the Order of Canada
• 2017 LAF Medal of the Landscape Architecture Foundation
• The Cornelia Hahn Oberlander International Landscape Architecture Prize [22] was created by The Cultural Landscape Foundation to honor the works of Cornelia and her dedication to the profession of Landscape Architecture. Additionally, the TCLF named this prize in Oberlander's name to award her efforts to address social, environmental, and ecological issues through her design work. This prize is said to be awarded every other year, beginning in 2021. This is the only award in the profession of Landscape Architecture that includes a $100,000.00 prize.

Oberlander is an honorary member of the Architectural Institute of British Columbia. The Canadian Centre for Architecture held an exhibition Cornelia Hahn Oberlander: Ecological Landscapes in 2006, which featured material from the Cornelia Hahn Oberlander Archive at the CCA and photographs by Etta Gerdes.[23] She was included in Chatelaine Magazine's Women of the year: 30 Canadians who rocked 2015 listing.[24]

Alongside Phyllis Lambert, Blanche Lemco van Ginkel and Denise Scott Brown, she is one of four prominent female architects profiled in the 2018 documentary film City Dreamers.[25]

Ground floor enclosed garden, New York Times Building, NYC

Oberlander has produced landscape designs for private residences, playgrounds, urban parks and other public spaces, as well as major projects including landscaping for:[9]

• 70 playgrounds in Canada. Oberlander helped establish the National Task Force on Play.
• 18th & Bigler St. playground, Philadelphia
• Cherokee Apartments, Philadelphia
• Philadelphia International Airport landscape
• Smith College Master Plan, 1997
• Ottawa City Hall, with Moshe Safdie, 1989-1994[26]
• Vancouver Park Board natural log seating on Vancouver beaches, 1964
• New York Times Building atrium which includes an evergreen carpet of sedges, ferns and several birch trees[27] with architect Renzo Piano and HM White Site Architects, 2002
• Hebrew University of Jerusalem botanical garden, 2004
• "green rooftop" on the Canadian embassy in Berlin, with Kuwabara Payne McKenna Blumberg Architects, 1999-2005
• C. K. Choi Building for the Institute of Asian Research at UBC, with Matsuzaki Wright Architects, 1996
• Vancouver Public Library, with Moshe Safdie Architects, 1995
• Vancouver General Hospital burn unit garden
• Northwest Territories Legislative Building, Yellowknife, with Matsuzaki/Wright Architects, 1995
• Canadian Chancery in Washington, DC, with Arthur Erickson Architects, 1989
• National Gallery of Canada in Ottawa, with Moshe Safdie Architects, 1988
• Co-authored Trees in the City, with Ira Bruce Nadel and Lesley R. Bohm, 1977
• Museum of Anthropology at UBC, Vancouver, landscapes including its rear reflection pool, with Arthur Erickson Architects and Stantec Architecture, 1976 and from 2003
• Peacekeeping Monument : Reconciliation, 1992
• Robson Square landscape architecture[28] and stramps[29] and Law Courts government complex in Vancouver, with Arthur Erickson Architects, 1974–1983 and from 2003
• VanDusen Botanical Garden, with architect Peter Busby, Visitors Center project, with Perkins and Will, 2011

• Cornelia Hahn Oberlander: Ecological Landscapes, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal (2006)
• Canadian Megaform, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal (2014-2015)
• New Ways of Living: Jewish Architects in Vancouver 1955-1975 (online), The Jewish Museum and Archives of BC, Vancouver (2016)
• Bauhaus (Canada) 101, University of Manitoba School of Art Gallery, Winnipeg (2020)

https://www.tclf.org/about-tclf [1] [2]

• Susan Herrington. Cornelia Hahn Oberlander: Making the Modern Landscape. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2014. ISBN 978-0-81393-459-4
• Charles A. Birnbaum and Stephanie S. Foell. Shaping the American Landscape: New Profiles from the Pioneers of American Landscape Design Project. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-81392-789-3.
• Kathy Stinson. Love Every Leaf: The Life of Landscape Architect Cornelia Hahn Oberlander. Toronto: Tundra, 2008. ISBN 978-0-88776-804-0
• Mechtild Manus, Lisa Rochon. Picturing Landscape Architecture: Projects of Cornelia Hahn Oberlander as seen by Etta Gerdes. Munich: Callwey / Montreal: Goethe-Institute, 2006 ISBN 3-7667-1669-7
• Oberlander at The Canadian Encyclopedia, 2020
• Katharine Hamer, "A home fit for King David: Architects created a space tailored to Jewish independent school", Jewish Independent, 17 February 2006
• Cornelia Oberlander to present new park design April 1, City of Toronto, 21 March 2003.
• Waterfall Building Green Roof Case Study, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, January 2002 (pdf)
• new link to BCSLA Web Atlas October 2013
• Library Square Building aerial view
• Charles Birnbaum "Oral history of Cornelia Hahn Oberlander" on August 3-5, 2008, Cultural History Project
• Announces Oberlander Prize
• Vancouver Heritage
• (in German) Mehr Grün in die Innenstadt. Hahn Oberlander visiting the town of her childhood, 2012. Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, Der Westen, August 12, 2012, by Margitta Ulbricht

• Cornelia Hahn Oberlander: Making the Modern Landscape. by Susan Herrington. Charlottesville, University of Virginia Press, Baltimore, Md.: Project MUSE, 2013

• corneliaoberlander.ca
• Finding aid for the Cornelia Hahn Oberlander Fonds at the Canadian Centre for Architecture (digitized items)