Council of Ministers (Albania)

The Council of Ministers (Albanian: Këshilli i Ministrave) is the executive branch that constitutes the Government of Albania. The Council is led by the Prime Minister of Albania. The prime minister is nominated by the President from among those candidates, who enjoy majority support in the Parliament; the candidate is then chosen by the Parliament.[1] In the absence of the prime minister, the Deputy Prime Minister takes over his functions. There are 19 other government members, serving as deputy prime ministers, government ministers or both; they are chosen by the prime minister and confirmed by the Parliament.

Council of Ministers
Këshilli i Ministrave
Overview
Established4 December 1912
StateRepublic of Albania
Appointed byPresident
Main organCouncil of Ministers
Responsible toParliament of Albania
HeadquartersDëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard 7, 1010 Tirana, Albania
WebsiteOfficial Website
Albania
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As of April 2017, after a reshuffle, 50% of the cabinet ministers are women. The Parliament of Albania must give final approval of the composition of the cabinet. The Cabinet is responsible for carrying out both foreign and domestic policies. It directs and controls the activities of the ministries and other state bodies.[2]

Overview

Rank

Council members are subdivided into three substantial ranks, along with one honorary rank:

  • Prime Minister,
  • Deputy Prime Minister,
  • Ministers, which are the highest-ranking members of the Government
  • Deputy Ministers, that assist ministers in specialized areas of their portfolio and
  • General Secretaries (Sekretari i Përgjithshëm) that assist ministers in less important areas and occasionally attend sessions of the Council of Ministers.

Role

The Council is responsible to the Parliament of Albania. The Parliament may choose to pass a motion of censure forcing the Council of Ministers to resign. This has the effect of forcing the Government to be composed of members from the majority political party in the Assembly or to be allied to the majority in a coalition. Ministers are required to answer written or oral questions put to them by members of Parliament, known as Government questions. In addition, ministers attend sessions of the Parliament when laws concerning their assigned sectors and departmental portfolios are under consideration.

Cabinet ministers cannot propose legislation without parliamentary approval. Ministers can however propose bills to Parliament and any such legislation is generally very likely to pass. On occasion, the majority opinion in Parliament may differ significantly from those of the executive, resulting in a large number of riders.

The Cabinet plays a major role in determining the agenda of the Parliament. It can propose laws and amendments during parliamentary sessions. It also has a number of procedures at its disposal to expedite parliamentary deliberations.

Changes

During the mandate many minister were changed. Following a 2017 Albanian opposition protest which lasted three months, from February to May 2017, an agreement was reached with the opposition to create a caretaker government with technocrats. On May 22, the majority in the Parliament voted the new caretaker government, which consisted of 6 technocrat ministers and a vice-prime minister, proposed by the opposition.[3]

Incumbent Government
Main articles: Rama I Government and Rama II Government
Emblem Office Incumbent Term started Days
Prime Minister
Kryeministër		 Edi Rama
 PS 15.09.2013 2690
Deputy Prime Minister
Zëvëndëskryeministër		 Erion Braçe
 PS 17.01.2019 740
Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs
Ministër për Europën dhe Punët e Jashtme		 Olta Xhaçka
 PS 04.01.2021 22
Minister of Defence
Ministre e Mbrojtjes		 Niko Peleshi
 PS 04.01.2021 22
Minister of Internal Affairs
Ministër i Punëve të Brendshme		 Bledar Çuçi
 PS 18.12.2020 39
Minister of Finance and Economy
Ministre e Financave dhe Ekonomisë		 Anila Denaj
 PS 17.01.2019 740
Minister of Infrastructure and Energy
Ministre e Infrastrukturës dhe Energjisë		 Belinda Balluku
 PS 17.01.2019 740
Minister of Education, Sports and Youth
Ministre e Arsimit, Sportit dhe Rinisë		 Evis Kushi PS 15.09.2020 133
Minister of Justice
Ministre e Drejtësisë		 Etilda Gjonaj
 PS 13.09.2017 1231
Minister of Culture
Ministre e Kulturës		 Elva Margariti
 PS 17.01.2019 740
Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development
Ministër i Bujqësisë dhe Zhvillimit Rural		 Milva Ekonomi
 PS 18.12.2020 39
Minister of Health and Social Protection
Ministre e Shëndetësisë dhe Mbrojtjes Sociale		 Ogerta Manastirliu
 PS 13.09.2017 1231
Minister of Tourism and Environment
Ministër i Turizmit dhe Mjedisit		 Blendi Klosi
 PS 13.09.2017 1231
Minister of State for Diaspora
Ministër i Shtetit për Diasporën		 Pandeli Majko
 PS 13.09.2017 1231
Minister of State for Entrepreneurs
Ministër i Shtetit për Sipërmarrjen		 Eduard Shalsi
 PS 17.01.2019 740
Minister of State for Relations with Parliament
Ministre e Shtetit për Marrëdhëniet me Parlamentin		 Elisa Spiropali
 PS 17.01.2019 740

Governments of Albania (1912–present)
Cabinet Mandate Days
Provisional Government 4 December 1912 22 January 1914 414
International Control Commission 22 January 1914 17 March 1914 54
Përmeti I Government 14 March 1914 20 May 1914 64
Përmeti II Government 28 May 1914 3 September 1914 98
Toptani Government 5 October 1914 27 January 1916 479
Austro-Hungarian Command January 1916 October 1918
Përmeti III Government 25 December 1918 29 January 1920 400
Delvina Government 30 January 1920 14 November 1920 289
Vrioni I Government 15 November 1920 1 July 1921 228
Vrioni II Government 11 July 1921 16 October 1921 97
Evangjeli I Government 16 October 1921 6 December 1921 51
Koculi Government 6 December 1921 6 December 1921
Prishtina Government 7 December 1921 12 December 1921 5
Kosturi Government 12 December 1921 24 December 1921 2
Ypi I Government 24 December 1921 2 December 1922 343
Zogu I Government 2 December 1922 25 February 1924 450
Vërlaci I Government 3 March 1924 27 May 1924 85
Vrioni III Government 30 May 1924 10 June 1924 11
Noli Government 16 June 1924 24 December 1924 191
Zogu II Government 6 January 1925 31 January 1925 25
Zogu III Government 1 February 1925 23 September 1925 234
Zogu IV Government 28 September 1925 10 February 1927 500
Zogu V Government 12 February 1927 20 October 1927 250
Zogu VI Government 24 October 1927 10 May 1928 199
Zogu VII Government 11 May 1928 1 September 1928 113
Kotta I Government 5 September 1928 5 March 1930 546
Evangjeli II Government 6 March 1930 11 April 1931 401
Evangjeli III Government 20 April 1931 7 December 1932 597
Evangjeli IV Government 11 January 1933 16 October 1935 1008
Frashëri I Government 21 October 1935 7 November 1936 383
Kotta II Government 9 November 1936 7 April 1939 879
Ypi II Government 8 April 1939 12 April 1939 4
Vërlaci II Government 12 April 1939 3 December 1941 966
Merlika-Kruja Government 3 December 1941 4 January 1943 397
Libohova I Government 18 January 1943 11 February 1943 24
Bushati Government 12 February 1943 28 April 1943 75
Libohova II Government 11 May 1943 10 September 1943 122
Biçaku I Government 14 September 1943 4 November 1943 51
Mitrovica Government 5 November 1943 16 June 1944 224
Dine Government 18 July 1944 28 August 1944 41
Biçaku II Government 6 September 1944 25 October 1944 49
Hoxha I Government 23 October 1944 21 March 1946 514
Hoxha II Government 22 March 1946 1 October 1948 924
Hoxha III Government 2 October 1948 22 November 1948 51
Hoxha IV Government 23 November 1948 16 November 1949 358
Hoxha V Government 17 November 1949 4 July 1950 229
Hoxha VI Government 5 July 1950 5 September 1951 427
Hoxha VII Government 6 September 1951 9 April 1952 216
Hoxha VIII Government 10 April 1952 31 July 1953 477
Hoxha IX Government 1 August 1953 19 July 1954 352
Shehu I Government 20 July 1954 5 June 1955 320
Shehu II Government 6 June 1955 3 June 1956 363
Shehu III Government 4 June 1956 5 February 1958 611
Shehu IV Government 6 February 1958 21 June 1958 135
Shehu V Government 22 June 1958 16 July 1962 1485
Shehu VI Government 17 July 1962 22 June 1965 1071
Shehu VII Government 23 June 1965 16 March 1966 266
Shehu VIII Government 17 March 1966 13 September 1966 180
Shehu IX Government 14 September 1966 18 November 1970 1526
Shehu X Government 19 November 1970 28 October 1974 1439
Shehu XI Government 28 October 1974 11 November 1976 745
Shehu XII Government 12 November 1976 26 December 1978 774
Shehu XIII Government 27 December 1978 18 December 1981 1087
Çarçani I Government 15 January 1982 23 November 1982 312
Çarçani II Government 23 November 1982 19 February 1987 1549
Çarçani III Government 20 February 1987 1 February 1989 712
Çarçani IV Government 2 February 1989 7 July 1990 520
Çarçani V Government 8 July 1990 22 December 1990 167
Çarçani VI Government 22 December 1990 21 February 1991 61
Nano I Government 22 February 1991 10 May 1991 77
Nano II Government 11 May 1991 4 June 1991 24
Bufi Government 11 June 1991 6 December 1991 178
Ahmeti Government 18 December 1991 13 April 1992 117
Meksi I Government 13 April 1992 6 August 1993 480
Meksi II Government 7 August 1993 3 December 1994 483
Meksi III Government 4 December 1994 10 July 1996 584
Meksi IV Government 11 July 1996 1 March 1997 233
Fino Government 11 March 1997 24 July 1997 135
Nano III Government 25 July 1997 23 April 1998 272
Nano IV Government 24 April 1998 28 September 1998 157
Majko I Government 2 October 1998 25 October 1999 392
Meta I Government 28 October 1999 6 September 2001 679
Meta II Government 6 September 2001 29 January 2002 145
Majko II Government 22 February 2002 25 July 2002 153
Nano V Government 29 July 2002 29 December 2003 518
Nano VI Government 29 December 2003 10 September 2005 621
Berisha I Government 10 September 2005 8 September 2009 1459
Berisha II Government 9 September 2009 13 September 2013 1465
Rama I Government 15 September 2013 13 September 2017 1459
Rama II Government 13 September 2017 Incumbent 1231

See also

References
  1. "1998 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA". osce.org. p. 19. At the beginning of a legislature, as well as when the position of Prime Minister is vacant, the President of the Republic appoints the Prime Minister on the proposal of the party or coalition of parties that has the majority of seats in the Assembly.
  2. "Albania (03/99)". US Department of State. Retrieved 29 March 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. http://www.albaniannews.com/index.php?idm=13096&mod=2
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