Danjong of Joseon

Posthumous name
	King Gongeui Onmun Sunjeong Anjang Gyungsun Donhyo the Great; 공의온문순정안장경순돈효대왕; 恭懿溫文純定安莊景順敦孝大王
Temple name
	Danjong (단종, 端宗)

Danjong of Joseon
朝鮮端宗
조선 단종
Danjong of Joseon; 朝鮮端宗; 조선 단종
	Danjong of Joseon
King of Joseon
Reign	14 May 1452 – 11 June 1455
Predecessor	Munjong of Joseon
Successor	Sejo of Joseon
Born	9 August 1441
Died	24 December 1457 (aged 16); Yeongwol County, Gangwon Province, Joseon
Spouse	Queen Jeongsun
Posthumous name
	King Gongeui Onmun Sunjeong Anjang Gyungsun Donhyo the Great; 공의온문순정안장경순돈효대왕; 恭懿溫文純定安莊景順敦孝大王
Temple name
	Danjong (단종, 端宗)
House	Jeonju Yi
Father	Munjong of Joseon
Mother	Queen Hyeondeok
Korean name
Hangul	단종
Hanja	端宗
Revised Romanization	Danjong
McCune–Reischauer	Tanchong
Birth name
Hangul	이홍위
Hanja	李弘暐
Revised Romanization	I Hong-wi
McCune–Reischauer	I Hongwi

Danjong of Joseon (9 August 1441 – 24 December 1457, reigned 1452–1455) was the sixth king of the Joseon Dynasty. He was forced to abdicate by his uncle, who became Sejo of Joseon, and exiled to Yeongwol County, where he was later put to death and his remains are buried.[1]

Biography

The day after his birth, his mother, Queen Hyeondeok (1418 ~ 1441), died in childbirth.

King Danjong succeeded his father, Munjong of Joseon, at the age of 12. Since he was too young to rule, the government of the kingdom fell to the Chief State Councilor, Hwangbo In, and his Left State Councilor, General Kim Jong-seo, with his sister, Princess Gyeonghye acting as his guardian.[2]

In 1453, this government was overthrown in a coup led by the king's uncle, Sejo of Joseon, who persuaded a number of scholars and officials who had served in the court of Sejong the Great to support his claim to the throne. Hwangbo In and Kim Jong-seo were seized and murdered in front of the gate of Gyeongbokgung; in 1455 Danjong was forced to abdicate and exiled to Yeongwol County.

The following year, six officials of the court attempted to restore him to power, but their plot was discovered and they were immediately executed. Perceiving that he would present a continuing threat to his rule, Sejo then accepted the advice of the court and ordered that Danjong be disposed of. In 1457, he was put to death at his place of exile.

Danjong had been stripped of his title at the time he was exiled, and was afterwards referred to as "Prince Nosan" (노산군, 魯山君). In the reign of King Sukjong, scholars at his court proposed that his title be restored, and in 1698, the demoted Prince Nosan was posthumously restored, receiving the posthumous name of "Danjong", and thereafter was referred to as King Danjong.

Family

Father: King Munjong of Joseon (15 November 1414 – 1 June 1452) (조선 문종)
- Grandfather: King Sejong of Joseon (15 May 1397 – 8 April 1450) (세종)
- Grandmother: Queen Soheon of the Cheongsong Shim clan (12 October 1395 – 19 April 1446) (소헌왕후 심씨)
Mother: Queen Hyeondeok of the Andong Kwon clan (17 April 1418 – 10 August 1441) (현덕왕후 권씨)
- Grandfather: Kwon Jeon (1371 – 18 November 1441) (권전)
- Grandmother: Lady Choi of the Haeju Choi clan (? – 1456) (해주 최씨)
Sister: Princess Gyeonghye (1436 – 30 December 1473) (경혜공주)
Consorts and their Respective Issue(s):

Queen Jeongsun of the Yeosan Song clan (1440 – 7 July 1521) (정순왕후 송씨)[3][4][5][6]
Consort Suk-Ui of the Sangsan Kim clan (1440 – February 1525) (숙의 김씨)
Consort Suk-Ui of the Andong Kwon clan (? – 1519) (숙의 권씨)

His full posthumous name

King Danjong Gongeui Onmun Sunjeong Anjang Gyungsun Donhyo the Great of Korea
단종공의온문순정안장경순돈효대왕
端宗恭懿溫文純定安莊景順敦孝大王

Popular culture

Portrayed by Lee Min-woo in the 1983 MBC TV series 500 Years of Joseon: Tree with Deep roots.
Portrayed by Jung Tae-woo in the 1998-2000 KBS TV series King and Queen.
Portrayed by Noh Tae-yeob in the 2011 KBS2 TV series The Princess' Man.
Portrayed by Chae Sang-woo in the 2011 JTBC TV series Insu, The Queen Mother and the 2013 film The Face Reader.
Portrayed by Choi Dong-ah in the 2016 KBS1 TV series Jang Yeong-sil.

References

Lee, Jeong-bong (1 June 2011). "A hamlet rich in history and art". Joongang Daily. Archived from the original on 16 February 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
An, Seung-jun (4 April 2014). "Forgotten story of Princess Gyeonghye". The Korea Times. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
Was demoted to Princess Consort following her husband's deposition & demotion. Restored back on 6 November 1698
Daughter of Song Hyeon-soo (송현수), Internal Prince Yeoryang (여량부원군); and Lady Yeoheung, Princess Consort to the Internal Prince, of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥부부인 민씨). Younger sister of Song Geo (송거). Granddaughter of Song Bok-won (송복원). Niece of Song Jeong-soo (송정수). Cousin of Song Yeong (송영).
Also, niece of Grand Prince Yeongeung's Princess Consort
Married on 22 January 1454

Regnal titles
Danjong of Joseon House of Yi Born: 9 August 1441 Died: 24 December 1457
Preceded by Munjong	King of Joseon 14 May 1452 – 11 June 1455	Succeeded by Sejo

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[1] Lee, Jeong-bong (1 June 2011). "A hamlet rich in history and art". Joongang Daily. Archived from the original on 16 February 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.

[an-2] An, Seung-jun (4 April 2014). "Forgotten story of Princess Gyeonghye". The Korea Times. Retrieved 22 February 2018.

[3] Was demoted to Princess Consort following her husband's deposition & demotion. Restored back on 6 November 1698

[4] Daughter of Song Hyeon-soo (송현수), Internal Prince Yeoryang (여량부원군); and Lady Yeoheung, Princess Consort to the Internal Prince, of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥부부인 민씨). Younger sister of Song Geo (송거). Granddaughter of Song Bok-won (송복원). Niece of Song Jeong-soo (송정수). Cousin of Song Yeong (송영).

[5] Also, niece of Grand Prince Yeongeung's Princess Consort

[6] Married on 22 January 1454

[7] Those who were listed were not reigning monarchs but posthumously recognized; the year following means the year of recognition.

[8] Only the crown princes that didn't become the king were listed; the former year indicates when one officially became the heir and the latter one is that when one died/deposed. Those who ascended to the throne were excluded in the list for simplification.

[9] The title given to the biological father, who never reigned, of the kings who were adopted as the heir to a precedent king.

[10] The de jure monarch of Korea during the era was the Emperor of Japan, while the former Korean emperors were given nobility title "King Yi" instead.