Eden (New Zealand electorate)

Eden, a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate, lay in the general area of the suburb of Mount Eden in the city of Auckland.

Eden electorate boundaries between 1993 and 1996

Population centres

The 1870 electoral redistribution was undertaken by a parliamentary select committee based on population data from the 1867 census. Eight sub-committees were formed, with two members each making decisions for their own province; thus members set their own electorate boundaries. The number of electorates was increased from 61 to 72, and Eden was one of the new electorates.[1]

The electorate was urban, and comprised a number of inner-city suburbs in the central-south part of Auckland.

History

The Eden electorate was created in 1871 for the 5th Parliament.[2] The first elected representative was Robert James Creighton, who won the 1871 election.[3] He was succeeded in 1876 by Joseph Tole, who served until 1887.[4] In the 1879 election, Tole beat Frederick Whitaker.[5] Edwin Mitchelson won the 1887 election. He served three parliamentary terms until 1896, when he unsuccessfully contested the City of Auckland electorate.[6]

John Bollard was the next representative, elected in the 1896 election. He held the electorate until 1914.[7] In the 1899 election, he had a wafer-thin majority of just four votes over Malcolm Niccol.[8][9] Bollard was succeeded by James Parr, who won the 1914 election. Parr resigned on 26 March 1926, as he had been appointed as High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.

Rex Mason won the resulting 1926 by-election, as the Reform Party vote was split between two candidates. He held the electorate for the remainder of the term until 1928. He was succeeded by Arthur Stallworthy, who won in the 1928 election. He was defeated in 1935 by Bill Anderton, who held Eden until 1946, when he was elected for Auckland Central. Wilfred Fortune won Eden in 1946 and held the electorate for three terms until 1954, when he was defeated for the Onslow electorate.

Premier and Attorney-General Frederick Whitaker stood unsuccessfully for Eden in 1879; as did John Kerr in 1871.

The electorate was abolished in 1996, when it was replaced by the new MMP electorate of Epsom.

Members of Parliament

Eden was represented by 15 Members of Parliament.

Key

  Independent     Conservative     Reform     Labour     United     National  

Election Winner
1871 election Robert Creighton
1876 election Joseph Tole
1879 election
1881 election
1884 election
1887 election Edwin Mitchelson
1890 election
1893 election
1896 election John Bollard
1899 election
1902 election
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1914 election James Parr
1919 election
1922 election
1925 election
1926 by-election Rex Mason
1928 election Arthur Stallworthy
1931 election
1935 election Bill Anderton
1938 election
1943 election
1946 election Wilfred Fortune
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election Duncan Rae
1957 election
1960 election John Rae
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election Mike Moore
1975 election Aussie Malcolm
1978 election
1981 election
1984 election Richard Northey
1987 election
1990 election Christine Fletcher
1993 election
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Epsom)

Election results

1993 election
1993 general election: Eden[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Christine Fletcher 10,121 49.38 +3.34
Labour Verna Smith 6,727 32.82
Alliance Keith Locke 2,878 14.04 +10.51
Christian Heritage Ewen McQueen 375 1.82
McGillicuddy Serious Aidrian Bridgeman-Sutton 164 0.80 +0.18
Independent Julie Halligan 82 0.40
Defence Movement Michael Bowden 76 0.37
Natural Law John Hodgson 70 0.34
Majority 3,394 16.56 +8.87
Turnout 20,493 84.73 -1.65
Registered electors 24,184

1990 election
1990 general election: Eden[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Christine Fletcher 9,117 46.04
Labour Richard Northey 7,593 38.35 -18.49
Green Robyn Dormer 1,814 9.16
NewLabour Keith Locke 700 3.53
Democrats Mary Tierney 293 1.47
McGillicuddy Serious Aidrian Bridgeman-Sutton 124 0.62
NZ Party Stephen Greenfield 116 0.58
Independent W Littlewood 42 0.21
Majority 1,524 7.69
Turnout 19,799 86.38 -3.12
Registered electors 22,919

1987 election
1987 general election: Eden[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Richard Northey 11,916 56.84 +8.28
National Hiwi Tauroa 8,512 40.60
Democrats Arthur Drabble 380 1.81
NZ Party Blanche Victoria Holloway 153 0.72
Majority 3,404 16.23 +6.15
Turnout 20,961 89.50 -4.19
Registered electors 23,419

1984 election
1984 general election: Eden[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Richard Northey 11,106 48.56
National Aussie Malcolm 8,800 38.43 -3.36
NZ Party Richard Cullen 2,294 10.03
Social Credit Ken Harris 571 2.49
Values Sylvia Williams 96 0.41
Majority 2,306 10.08
Turnout 22,867 93.69 +5.53
Registered electors 24,406

1981 election
1981 general election: Eden[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Aussie Malcolm 8,526 41.79 -1.47
Labour Ian Scott 8,409 41.22
Social Credit Allan Scott 3,303 16.19
Values R A Tyson 162 0.79
Majority 117 0.57 -2.67
Turnout 20,400 88.16 +32.44
Registered electors 23,138

1978 election
1978 general election: Eden[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Aussie Malcolm 8,653 43.26 -6.22
Labour John Hinchcliff 8,005 40.02
Social Credit Les Tasker 1,836 9.18 +6.66
Values Margaret Crozier 877 4.38
Independent National Max Louis Peers 525 2.62
Independent Labour Barry Moss 53 0.26
Cheer Up Vince Terreni 49 0.24
Majority 648 3.24 -3.53
Turnout 19,998 55.72 -18.18
Registered electors 35,888

1975 election
1975 general election: Eden[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Aussie Malcolm 9,725 49.48
Labour Mike Moore 8,394 42.71 -5.48
Values Paul Lunberg 991 5.04
Social Credit Leslie Clark 497 2.52
National Socialist Colin King-Ansell 19 0.09 -0.09
Independent Labour Marilyn Voss 16 0.08
Democratic Labour Norma Hughes 11 0.05
Majority 1,331 6.77
Turnout 19,653 73.90 -14.65
Registered electors 26,591

1972 election
1972 general election: Eden[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Mike Moore 9,046 48.19
National Mary Kidd 8,258 43.99
Values Bert Keiller 656 3.49
Social Credit Neil Morrison 646 3.44
New Democratic C W Bott 60 0.31
Independent F W Bell 48 0.25
National Socialist Colin King-Ansell 35 0.18
Liberal Reform G T Tudor 21 0.11
Majority 788 4.19
Turnout 18,770 88.55 +1.21
Registered electors 21,196

1969 election
1969 general election: Eden[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National John Rae 8,887 48.88 -5.70
Labour Keith Sinclair 8,569 47.13
Social Credit Heather-Ann Molloy 975 5.36
Majority 67 0.36 -18.17
Turnout 18,180 89.76 +7.42
Registered electors 20,254

1966 election
1966 general election: Eden[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National John Rae 7,502 54.58 -3.15
Labour John William Stewart 4,954 36.04
Social Credit Thomas Tansfield 1,288 9.37
Majority 2,548 18.53 -3.13
Turnout 13,744 82.34 -5.77
Registered electors 16,690

1963 election
1963 general election: Eden[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National John Rae 8,887 57.73 +3.51
Labour Frank Knipe 5,552 36.06
Social Credit Alfred George Grove 632 4.10 +0.61
Liberal William Wynyard Rayner 323 2.09
Majority 3,335 21.66 +9.72
Turnout 15,394 88.11 +1.07
Registered electors 17,471

1960 election
1960 general election: Eden[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National John Rae 8,632 54.22
Labour Russell Gordon Penney 6,730 42.27
Social Credit Alfred George Grove 556 3.49 +0.09
Majority 1,902 11.94
Turnout 15,918 87.04 -5.55
Registered electors 18,288

1957 election
1957 general election: Eden[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Duncan Rae 8,744 49.71 +1.83
Labour Ian Watkins 8,246 46.88
Social Credit Alfred George Grove 599 3.40
Majority 498 2.83 +2.78
Turnout 17,589 92.59 +3.40
Registered electors 18,995

1954 election
1954 general election: Eden[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Duncan Rae 6,910 47.88
Labour John Stewart 6,902 47.74
Social Credit Allan Donovan 644 4.45
Majority 8 0.05
Turnout 14,456 89.19 +2.01
Registered electors 16,208

1951 election
1951 general election: Eden[14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Wilfred Fortune 7,016 62.47 +3.15
Labour John Ronald Burfitt 4,214 37.53
Majority 2,802 24.95 +6.30
Turnout 11,230 87.18 -7.19
Registered electors 12,881

1949 election
1949 general election: Eden[15]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Wilfred Fortune 7,184 59.32 +4.33
Labour Pat Curran 4,925 40.68
Majority 2,259 18.65 +8.67
Turnout 12,109 94.37 +2.18
Registered electors 12,831

1946 election
1946 general election: Eden[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Wilfred Fortune 7,055 54.99 +9.38
Labour Warren Freer 5,774 45.01
Majority 1,281 9.98
Turnout 12,829 92.19 -0.82
Registered electors 13,915

1943 election
1943 general election: Eden[17][18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Anderton 7,266 45.70 -10.73
National Wilfred Fortune 7,252 45.61
Democratic Labour Terrence Nixon 730 4.59
Real Democracy Gertrude Brooks 304 1.91
People's Movement David Wilson 201 1.26
Informal votes 149 0.93 +0.10
Majority 14 0.08 -14.60
Turnout 15,899 91.37 +0.13
Registered electors 17,400

1938 election
1938 general election: Eden[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Anderton 8,969 56.43 +10.84
National Donald Pool 6,636 41.75
Country Party Albert Robinson 155 0.97
Informal votes 132 0.83 +0.22
Majority 2,333 14.68 -4.22
Turnout 15,892 91.50 +1.86
Registered electors 17,368

1935 election
1935 general election: Eden[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Bill Anderton 5,946 45.59 +14.37
Democrat Arthur Stallworthy 3,481 26.69 -15.57
United Clifton Clarke 3,458 26.51
Independent Cecil Pickering 155 1.18
Informal votes 80 0.61 -0.84
Majority 2,465 18.90
Turnout 13,040 89.64 +7.64
Registered electors 14,546

1931 election
1931 general election: Eden[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
United Arthur Stallworthy 4,860 42.26 -7.71
Labour Bill Anderton 3,590 31.22 +12.41
Independent William Henry Nagle 1,823 15.85
Reform Richard Glover-Clark 874 7.60
Independent Vivian Potter 352 3.06 -26.47
Informal votes 169 1.45 -0.05
Majority 1,270 11.04 -9.41
Turnout 11,668 82.00 -3.61
Registered electors 14,230

1928 election
1928 general election: Eden[22][23][24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
United Arthur Stallworthy 5,953 49.98
Reform Vivian Potter 3,517 29.53
Labour Bill Anderton 2,241 18.81
Christian Socialist Ormond Burton 200 1.68
Informal votes 135 1.12 -0.33
Majority 2,436 20.45
Turnout 12,046 85.29
Registered electors 14,123

1926 by-election
1926 Eden by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Rex Mason 4,589 41.54
Reform James Gunson 4,163 37.68
Independent Reform Ellen Melville 2,197 19.89
Informal votes 99 0.90
Majority 3,811 3.86
Turnout 11,048
Labour gain from Reform Swing

1914 election
1914 general election: Eden[25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform James Parr 5,231 57.55
Liberal William Tuck 2,775 30.53
Social Democrat Wesley Richards 1,682 18.50
Informal votes 86 0.94
Majority 2,456 27.02
Turnout 9,088 80.86
Registered electors 11,239

1899 election
1899 general election: Eden[9][26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Bollard 2,255 50.04
Liberal Malcolm Niccol[8] 2,251 49.96
Informal votes 52 0.94
Majority 4 0.09
Turnout 4,558 82.30
Registered electors 5,538

1893 election
1893 general election: Eden[27][28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Edwin Mitchelson 1,515 43.03 -17.73
Liberal Malcolm Niccol[8] 1,189 33.77
Liberal Joseph Dargaville 817 23.20
Majority 326 9.26 -12.27
Turnout 3,521 75.20 +27.59
Registered electors 4,682

1890 election
1890 general election: Eden[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Edwin Mitchelson 728 60.76
Liberal Joseph Greenwood 470 39.23
Majority 258 21.53
Turnout 1,198 47.61
Registered electors 2,516

1887 election
1887 general election: Eden[30][31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Edwin Mitchelson 901 65.96
Independent J. A. Connell 465 34.04
Majority 436 31.92
Total valid votes 1,366 99.49
Informal votes 7 0.51
Turnout 1,373 72.26
Registered electors 1,900

1879 election
1879 general election: Eden[32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Joseph Tole 409 56.96 +1.59
Independent Frederick Whitaker[33] 309 43.04
Majority 100 13.92
Total valid votes 718
Informal votes 9
Rejected ballots 4
Turnout 731
Registered electors

NB: Officially there are 731 ballot papers, 9 informal votes, and 2*2 duplicate votes. After removing 13 from consideration, 718 total valid votes were counted. So technically, turnout is 729 voters.

1876 election
1876 general election: Eden[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Joseph Tole 263 55.37
Independent Allan Kerr Taylor 212 44.63
Majority 51 10.74
Turnout 475 64.54
Registered electors 736

Notes
  1. McRobie 1989, p. 39.
  2. Scholefield 1950, p. 157.
  3. Scholefield 1925, p. 86.
  4. Scholefield 1925, p. 141.
  5. Stone, R. C. J. "Whitaker, Frederick - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 14 March 2012.
  6. Scholefield 1925, p. 118.
  7. Scholefield 1925, p. 79.
  8. Scholefield 1940, p. 124.
  9. "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 1. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  10. Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.
  11. Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990.
  12. Norton 1988, pp. 221.
  13. Norton 1988, pp. 220.
  14. "The New Zealand Official Year-Book, 1951–52". Statistics New Zealand. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
  15. "The General Election, 1949". National Library. 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  16. "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  17. "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  18. "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. 80 (24713). 13 October 1943. p. 5. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
  19. "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  20. The General Election, 1935. National Library. 1936. pp. 1–35. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  21. "Election Results". Auckland Star. LXII (290). 8 December 1931. p. 3. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
  22. The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 2. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
  23. "Auckland Seats". The New Zealand Herald. LXV (20109). 21 November 1928. p. 13. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
  24. "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. LXV (20090). 30 October 1928. p. 4. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
  25. Hislop, J. (1915). The General Election, 1914. National Library. pp. 1–33. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  26. "The General Elections". The Star (6668). 14 December 1899. p. 2. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  27. "The General Election, 1893". National Library. 1894. p. 1. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  28. "The General Election". Otago Daily Times. 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  29. "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  30. "Eden". Auckland Star. XVIII (232). 3 October 1887. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  31. "Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1887 Session II, H-13". AtoJs Online. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  32. "Eden Election". The New Zealand Herald. XVI (5558). 9 September 1879. p. 6. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  33. "Story: Whitaker, Frederick". Te Ara. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  34. "General Elections". The New Zealand Herald. XIII (4419). 12 January 1876. p. 3. Retrieved 9 April 2017.

References
  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Scholefield, Guy (1925) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record (2nd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
  • Scholefield, Guy, ed. (1940). A Dictionary of New Zealand Biography : M–Addenda (PDF). II. Wellington: Department of Internal Affairs. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
  • Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.

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