Elections in Cambodia
Cambodia is a one party dominant state with the Cambodian People's Party in power. Cambodia's legislature is chosen through a national election. The general election is held every five years in the fourth Sunday of July. The Parliament of Cambodia has two chambers. The National Assembly of Cambodia (Khmer: រដ្ឋសភា, Rotsaphea) has 125 members, each elected for a five-year term by proportional representation. The Senate (Khmer: ព្រឹទ្ធសភា, Protsaphea) has 62 members, mostly indirectly elected.
This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Cambodia |
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Since the signing of the 1991 Paris Peace Accords ending decades of civil war and foreign occupation, and with the final elimination in 1998 of armed insurgency groups inside the country, five national elections have taken place in Cambodia in 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2013. The first national elections were administered by United Nations Transitional Authority for Cambodia (UNTAC) in July 1993, the first commune-level election was held in February 2002 and the Cambodian Senate was elected for the first time by the elected commune council officials in January 2006.
Three main political parties have dominated Cambodian politics over the last decade: the Cambodian People's Party (CPP), the United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC) and, more recently, the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP). Although the CPP dominated the elections held on July 27, 2003, it did not win the two-thirds majority required under the constitution to form a government on its own. A new government was formed on July 15, 2004, after protracted negotiations between the CPP and FUNCINPEC on forming a coalition government.[1] In early 2006, the CPP further consolidated its hold on power by passing an amendment to the constitution through Parliament that will allow for a 50% plus one majority in the National Assembly to form a government (instead of the two-thirds majority), thereby reducing its future reliance on FUNCINPEC or another coalition partner.
Scheduled elections
- 2018 Cambodian Senate election (25 February 2018)
Past elections
2018 general election
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cambodian People's Party | 4,889,113 | 76.85 | 125 | +57 | |
FUNCINPEC | 374,510 | 5.89 | 0 | 0 | |
League for Democracy Party | 309,364 | 4.86 | 0 | 0 | |
Khmer Will Party | 212,869 | 3.35 | 0 | New | |
Khmer National United Party | 99,377 | 1.56 | 0 | New | |
Grassroots Democratic Party | 70,567 | 1.11 | 0 | New | |
Beehive Social Democratic Party | 56,024 | 0.88 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Anti-Poverty Party | 55,298 | 0.87 | 0 | 0 | |
Khmer United Party | 48,785 | 0.77 | 0 | New | |
Cambodian Nationality Party | 45,370 | 0.71 | 0 | 0 | |
Khmer Republican Party | 41,631 | 0.65 | 0 | New | |
Cambodian Youth Party | 39,333 | 0.62 | 0 | New | |
Dharmacracy Party | 29,060 | 0.46 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Economic Development Party | 23,255 | 0.37 | 0 | 0 | |
Khmer Rise Party | 22,002 | 0.35 | 0 | New | |
Ponleu Thmey Party | 13,509 | 0.21 | 0 | New | |
Cambodia Indigenous People's Democracy Party | 10,197 | 0.16 | 0 | New | |
Our Motherland Party | 9,174 | 0.14 | 0 | New | |
Republican Democracy Party | 8,591 | 0.14 | 0 | 0 | |
Reaksmey Khemara Party | 4,212 | 0.07 | 0 | New | |
Total | 6,362,241 | 100.00 | 125 | +2 | |
Valid votes | 6,362,241 | 91.45 | |||
Invalid/blank votes | 594,659 | 8.55 | |||
Total votes | 6,956,900 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 8,380,217 | 83.02 | |||
Source: National Election Committee |
2017 Communal Elections
Party | Votes | % | Chiefs | +/– | Councillors | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cambodian People's Party | 3,540,056 | 50.76 | 1,156 | 436 | 6,503 | 1,789 | |
Cambodia National Rescue Party | 3,056,824 | 43.83 | 489 | 449 | 5,007 | 2,052 | |
FUNCINPEC | 132,319 | 1.90 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 123 | |
League for Democracy Party | 122,882 | 1.76 | 0 | 4 | 4 | ||
Khmer National United Party | 78,724 | 1.13 | 1 | 1 | 24 | 24 | |
Beehive Social Democratic Party | 31,334 | 0.45 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
Grassroots Democracy Party | 4,981 | 0.07 | 0 | 5 | 5 | ||
Cambodian Nationality Party | 2,161 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
Cambodian Youth Party | 1,505 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
Cambodia Indigenous People's Democracy Party | 1,272 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |||
Khmer Power Party | 1,035 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
Republican Democracy Party | 818 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |||
Invalid/blank votes | 133,484 | ||||||
Total | 7,107,395 | 100 | 1,646 | 13 | 11,572 | 113 | |
Registered voters/turnout | 7,865,033 | 90.37 | |||||
Source: National Election Committee |
2013 general election
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cambodian People's Party | 3,235,969 | 48.83 | 68 | –22 | |
Cambodia National Rescue Party | 2,946,176 | 44.46 | 55 | +26 | |
FUNCINPEC | 242,413 | 3.66 | 0 | –2 | |
League for Democracy Party | 68,389 | 1.03 | 0 | 0 | |
Khmer Anti-Poverty Party | 43,222 | 0.65 | 0 | 0 | |
Cambodian Nationality Party | 38,123 | 0.58 | 0 | New | |
Republican Democracy Party | 33,715 | 0.51 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Economic Development Party | 19,152 | 0.29 | 0 | New | |
Total | 6,627,159 | 100.00 | 123 | 0 | |
Valid votes | 6,627,159 | 98.40 | |||
Invalid/blank votes | 108,085 | 1.60 | |||
Total votes | 6,735,244 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 9,675,453 | 69.61 | |||
Source: National Election Committee |
2008 general election
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cambodian People's Party | 3,492,374 | 58.11 | 90 | +17 | |
Sam Rainsy Party | 1,316,714 | 21.91 | 26 | +2 | |
Human Rights Party | 397,816 | 6.62 | 3 | New | |
Norodom Ranariddh Party | 337,943 | 5.62 | 2 | New | |
FUNCINPEC | 303,764 | 5.05 | 2 | –24 | |
League for Democracy Party | 68,909 | 1.15 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Democratic Party | 32,386 | 0.54 | 0 | 0 | |
Hang Dara Democratic Movement Party | 25,065 | 0.42 | 0 | 0 | |
Society of Justice Party | 14,112 | 0.23 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Republican Party | 11,693 | 0.19 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Anti-Poverty Party | 9,501 | 0.16 | 0 | New | |
Total | 6,010,277 | 100.00 | 123 | 0 | |
Valid votes | 6,010,277 | 98.51 | |||
Invalid/blank votes | 90,607 | 1.49 | |||
Total votes | 6,100,884 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 8,125,529 | 75.08 | |||
Source: COMFREL |
2003 general election
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cambodian People's Party | 2,447,259 | 47.35 | 73 | +9 | |
FUNCINPEC | 1,072,313 | 20.75 | 26 | –17 | |
Sam Rainsy Party | 1,130,423 | 21.87 | 24 | +9 | |
Khmer Democratic Party | 95,927 | 1.86 | 0 | 0 | |
The Rice Party | 76,086 | 1.47 | 0 | New | |
Indra Buddra Party | 62,338 | 1.21 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Soul Party | 56,010 | 1.08 | 0 | New | |
Cambodian Development Party | 36,838 | 0.71 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Angkor Party | 26,385 | 0.51 | 0 | 0 | |
Cambodian Women's Party | 23,538 | 0.46 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Front Party | 20,272 | 0.39 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Unity Party | 18,309 | 0.35 | 0 | 0 | |
Hang Dara Democratic Movement Party | 15,671 | 0.30 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Spiritual Aspiration Party | 14,342 | 0.28 | 0 | New | |
Kon Khmer Party | 14,018 | 0.27 | 0 | New | |
Union of National Solidarity Party | 11,676 | 0.23 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Help Khmer | 9,482 | 0.18 | 0 | New | |
Farmer's Party | 9,449 | 0.18 | 0 | New | |
Molinaka and the Khmer Freedom Fighters Party | 6,808 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | |
Cambodian Free Independent Democratic Party | 6,806 | 0.13 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Citizens' Party | 6,526 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | |
National Khmer Party | 4,232 | 0.08 | 0 | New | |
Liberal Democratic Party | 4,129 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 5,168,837 | 100.00 | 123 | +1 | |
Valid votes | 5,168,837 | 97.94 | |||
Invalid/blank votes | 108,657 | 2.06 | |||
Total votes | 5,277,494 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 6,341,834 | 83.22 | |||
Source: IFES, EU |
1998 general election
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cambodian People's Party | 2,030,790 | 41.42 | 64 | +13 | |
FUNCINPEC | 1,554,405 | 31.71 | 43 | –15 | |
Sam Rainsy Party | 699,665 | 14.27 | 15 | New | |
Khmer Democratic Party | 90,000 | 1.84 | 0 | New | |
Cambodian National Sustaining Party | 71,093 | 1.45 | 0 | New | |
Liberal Democratic Party for National Salvation | 46,424 | 0.95 | 0 | New | |
Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party | 45,849 | 0.94 | 0 | –10 | |
Nationalist Party | 37,308 | 0.76 | 0 | New | |
Buddhist Liberal Party | 32,959 | 0.67 | 0 | New | |
Khmer Angkor Party | 26,482 | 0.54 | 0 | New | |
Cambodian Citizens' Party | 23,713 | 0.48 | 0 | New | |
Cambodian Unity Party | 19,232 | 0.39 | 0 | New | |
Party of Women Salvaging Cambodia | 18,892 | 0.39 | 0 | New | |
Farmers' Party | 15,597 | 0.32 | 0 | New | |
New Society Party | 15,066 | 0.31 | 0 | New | |
Republican Coalition Party | 14,869 | 0.30 | 0 | 0 | |
Liberal Democratic Party | 14,088 | 0.29 | 0 | 0 | |
Social Beehive Democratic Party | 13,952 | 0.28 | 0 | New | |
Free Development Republican Party | 13,780 | 0.28 | 0 | 0 | |
Rally for National Solidarity | 13,038 | 0.27 | 0 | 0 | |
National Unification Party | 11,089 | 0.23 | 0 | New | |
National Restoration Party | 10,451 | 0.21 | 0 | New | |
Light of Freedom Party | 10,027 | 0.20 | 0 | New | |
MOULINAKA | 8,395 | 0.17 | 0 | –1 | |
Free Independent Democracy Party | 3,938 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | |
Neutral Democratic Party of Cambodia | 3,869 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | |
Free Republican Party | 1,654 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | |
Twelve other parties | 55,863 | 1.14 | 0 | – | |
Total | 4,902,488 | 100.00 | 122 | +2 | |
Valid votes | 4,902,488 | 96.93 | |||
Invalid/blank votes | 155,189 | 3.07 | |||
Total votes | 5,057,677 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 5,395,595 | 93.74 | |||
Source: Nohlen et al. |
1993 general election
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
---|---|---|---|---|
FUNCINPEC | 1,824,188 | 45.47 | 58 | |
Cambodian People's Party | 1,533,471 | 38.23 | 51 | |
Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party | 152,764 | 3.81 | 10 | |
Liberal Democratic Party | 62,698 | 1.56 | 0 | |
MOULINAKA | 55,107 | 1.37 | 1 | |
Khmer Neutral Party | 48,113 | 1.20 | 0 | |
PD | 41,799 | 1.04 | 0 | |
Free Independent Democracy Party | 37,474 | 0.93 | 0 | |
Free Republican Party | 31,348 | 0.78 | 0 | |
Liberal Reconciliation Party | 29,738 | 0.74 | 0 | |
Cambodge Renaissance Party | 28,071 | 0.70 | 0 | |
Republican Coalition Party | 27,680 | 0.69 | 0 | |
Khmer National Congress Party | 25,751 | 0.64 | 0 | |
Neutral Democratic Party of Cambodia | 24,394 | 0.61 | 0 | |
Khmer Farmer Liberal Democracy | 20,776 | 0.52 | 0 | |
Free Development Republican Party | 20,425 | 0.51 | 0 | |
Rally for National Solidarity | 14,569 | 0.36 | 0 | |
Action for Democracy and Development | 13,914 | 0.35 | 0 | |
Republican Democracy Khmer Party | 11,524 | 0.29 | 0 | |
Nationalist Khmer Party | 7,827 | 0.20 | 0 | |
Total | 4,011,631 | 100.00 | 120 | |
Valid votes | 4,011,631 | 94.01 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 255,561 | 5.99 | ||
Total votes | 4,267,192 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 4,764,618 | 89.56 | ||
Source: Nohlen et al.[2] |
See also
References
- Country Assessment Strategy (CAS) for the Kingdom of Cambodia, World Bank, April 18, 2005.
- Nohlen et al. (2001), p. 70
External links
- National Election Committee (NEC)
- Adam Carr's Election Archive
- Cambodia Development Resource Institute (CDRI) - Development policy research institute
- Committee for Free and Fair Elections in Cambodia (COMFREL) - NGO
- Coalition for Free and Fair Elections (COFFEL) - NGO