Empress Xiaoshencheng

Empress Xiaoshencheng (5 July 1792 – 16 June 1833), of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Tunggiya clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and first empress consort of Mianning, the Daoguang Emperor. She was Empress consort of Qing from 1822 until her death in 1833.

Empress Xiaoshencheng
Empress Xiaoshencheng in ceremonial dress
Empress consort of the Qing dynasty
Tenure28 December 1822 – 16 June 1833
Born(1792-07-05)5 July 1792
(乾隆五十七年 五月 十七日)
Died16 June 1833(1833-06-16) (aged 40)
(道光十三年 四月 二十九日)
Forbidden City
Burial
Mu Mausoleum, Western Qing tombs
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1809⁠–⁠1833)​
IssuePrincess Duanmin of the First Rank
Posthumous name
Empress Xiaoshen Minsu Zheshun Heyi Chenghui Dunke Xitian Yisheng Cheng
(孝慎敏肅哲順和懿誠惠敦恪熙天詒聖成皇后
孝慎敏肃哲顺和懿诚辉惠敦恪煕天诒圣成皇后)
HouseTunggiya (佟佳)
FatherShuming'a (舒明阿)
Empress Xiaoshencheng
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese孝慎成皇后
Simplified Chinese孝慎成皇后
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᡥᡳᠶᠣᠣᡧᡠᠩᡤᠠ
ᠣᠯᡥᠣᠪᠠ
ᡧᠠᠩᡤᠠ
ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡥᡝᠣ
Romanizationhiyoošungga olhoba šanggan hūwangheo

Life

Family background

Empress Xiaoshencheng's personal name was not recorded in history.

  • Father: Shuming'a (舒明阿), served as the Magistrate of Yong'an from 1771–1772 and the Magistrate of Xin'an from 1776–1777, and held the title of a first class duke (一等公)

Qianlong era

The future Empress Xiaoshencheng was born on the 17th day of the fifth lunar month in the 57th year of the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, which translates to 5 July 1792 in the Gregorian calendar.

Jiaqing era

On 2 February 1809, Lady Tunggiya married Minning, the second son of the Jiaqing Emperor, and became his second primary consort. On 29 July 1813, she gave birth to his first daughter, Princess Duanmin of the First Rank, who would die prematurely on 7 December 1819.

Daoguang era

The Jiaqing Emperor died on 2 September 1820 and was succeeded by Minning, who was enthroned as the Daoguang Emperor. On 28 December 1822, Lady Tunggiya, as the emperor's primary consort, was instated as Empress. As Empress, Lady Tunggiya was placed in charge of the emperor's harem. She died on 16 June 1833 and was interred in the Mu Mausoleum of the Western Qing tombs.

Titles
  • During the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796):
    • Lady Tunggiya (from 5 July 1792)
  • During the reign of the Jiaqing Emperor (r. 1796–1820):
    • Primary consort (嫡福晉; from 2 February 1809[1])
  • During the reign of the Daoguang Emperor (r. 1820–1850):
    • Empress (皇后; from 28 December 1822[2])
    • Empress Xiaoshen (孝慎皇后; from 7 September 1833[3])
  • During the reign of the Xianfeng Emperor (r. 1850–1861):
    • Empress Xiaoshencheng (孝慎成皇后; from 26 October 1850[4])

Issue
  • As primary consort:
    • Princess Duanmin of the First Rank (端憫固倫公主; 29 July 1813 – 7 December 1819), the Daoguang Emperor's first daughter
  • In daily dress
  • In daily dress

See also

Notes
  1. 嘉慶十三年 十二月 十八日
  2. 道光二年 十一月 十六日
  3. 道光十三年 七月 二十四日
  4. 道光三十年 九月 二十二日

References
  • Wan, Yi; Shuqing, Wang; Yanzhen, Lu; Scott, Rosemary E. (1988). Daily Life in the Forbidden City: The Qing Dynasty, 1644-1912 (Illustrated ed.). Viking. ISBN 0670811645.
  • Wei, Betty Peh-T'i (2006). Ruan Yuan, 1764-1849: The Life and Work of a Major Scholar-Official in Nineteenth-Century China Before the Opium War. Hong Kong University Press. p. 272. ISBN 962-209-785-5.
  • Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao) (in Chinese).
Empress Xiaoshencheng
Tunggiya Clan (1636–1912)
 Died: 1833
Chinese royalty
Preceded by
Empress Xiaoherui
of the Niohuru clan		 Empress consort of China
28 December 1822 – 16 June 1833		 Succeeded by
Empress Xiaoquancheng
of the Niohuru clan
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