Finnish passport

Finnish passports are issued to nationals of Finland for the purpose of international travel. Aside from serving as proof of Finnish nationality, they facilitate the process of securing assistance from Finnish consular officials abroad (or other EU consulates or Nordic missions[3] in case a Finnish consular official is absent).

Finnish passport
The front cover of the current Finnish biometric passport
TypePassport
Issued by Finland
First issued21 August 2006 (first biometric version)
1 January 2017 (current version) [1]
PurposeIdentification
EligibilityFinnish citizenship
Expiration5 years after issuance
Cost€51, €45 (electronic application), €25 (when the applicant is a veteran of Finnish wars), €22 (veterans of Finnish wars, electronic application)[2]

Finnish passports share the standardised layout and burgundy-red cover with other EU countries. Passports are issued by the local police or by an authorised Finnish diplomatic mission abroad.

Men who are less than 30 years of age and consequently eligible for military service, but have not completed it, may only be issued a passport with an expiration date up to the last legal start date for completion of the obligation, which is at the age of 28. Men older than 30 can receive a passport with normal expiry dates regardless of the status of completion of the military duty.

Every Finnish citizen is also a citizen of the European Union. The passport, along with the national identity card allows for free rights of movement and residence in any of the states of the European Union, European Economic Area and Switzerland. For travel within the Nordic countries no identity documentation is legally required for Nordic citizens due to the Nordic Passport Union.

Physical appearance

From 1996, Finnish passports have had burgundy-coloured covers and use the standard European Union passport layout, with the Finnish Coat of arms emblazoned in the centre of the front cover. The words "Euroopan unioni" (Finnish) and "Europeiska unionen" (Swedish) meaning "European Union" are inscribed above the coat of arms, and the words "Suomi – Finland", the country's name in Finnish and Swedish, and "Passi – Pass", meaning "Passport" in Finnish and Swedish, below. In older non-biometric EU passports issued prior to August 2006, the words were entirely in capital letters, but current versions use mixed case. Biometric passports, first issued on 21 August 2006, also have the standard biometric symbol at the top. In 2012, the coat of arms was enlarged and the European Union title was shifted below it and separated by a double line from the country's name which is now in all capitals. The biometric symbol has been moved to the bottom. The inside pages contain drawings of an elk that when flipped rapidly show the elk in motion. The cover is embossed with a snowflake motif.

Visa requirements
Main article: Visa requirements for Finnish citizens
Visa requirements for Finnish citizens
  Finland
  Freedom of movement
  Visa not required
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

In 2018, Finnish citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 187 countries and territories, ranking the Finnish passport third in the world (tied with Danish, French, Italian, South Korean, Spanish and Swedish passports) according to the Henley Passport Index.[4] Additionally, Arton Capital's Passport Index ranked the Finnish passport second in the world, with a visa-free score of 165 (tied with Danish, Dutch, German, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, South Korean, Swedish and United States passports), as of 30 July 2018.[5]

As a member state of the European Union, Finnish citizens enjoy freedom of movement within the European Economic Area (EEA). The Citizens’ Rights Directive[6] defines the right of free movement for citizens of the EEA. Through bilateral agreements freedom of movement is extended to Switzerland,[7] and all EU and EFTA nationals are not only visa-exempt but are legally entitled to enter and reside in each other's countries.

Different spellings of the same name

Names containing special letters (ä, ö) are spelled the correct way in the non-machine-readable zone, but are mapped in the machine-readable zone, ä becoming AE, and ö becoming OE.
For example, Hämäläinen → HAEMAELAEINEN.
The letter å appears only in Finland-Swedish and foreign names. It is rendered as AA.
For example, Ståhlberg → STAAHLBERG.

History

Passports issued before the adoption of the EU design in 1996 were dark blue and did not contain the "European Union" texts, but were otherwise broadly similar in appearance. Previously, children could be included in the parents' passport, but this is no longer allowed and children must be issued their own passport, regardless of age.

  • Front cover of a pre-1996 Finnish passport
  • Front cover of a 1996–2006 EU-format machine-readable, non-biometric Finnish passport
  • Front cover of a 2006–2012 biometric Finnish passport
  • Front cover of a 2012–2016 biometric Finnish passport
  • Front cover of a biometric diplomatic passport
  • Front cover of a biometric service passport
  • Passport issued to the residence of the Åland Islands
  • Current-type passport with no RFID chip (only issued at Finnish embassies abroad)
  • A collection of old Finnish passports displayed by the Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Åland Islands

The Åland Islands, being an autonomous region with its own Government, has a separate passport. The Åland Islands passport does not however indicate a different nationality, with all holders being Finnish nationals. Unlike the Danish autonomous countries or British Crown dependencies (none of which belongs to the European Union) the Åland Islands autonomous region is a full part of the Finnish state, and an Åland Islands passport therefore brings all the rights and benefits of European Union membership for the holder. The passport follows the standard European Union format, and is marked on the front cover with both Finland and Åland.[8]

See also

References
  1. https://www.poliisi.fi/uutiskaruselli/1/0/lapin_luonto_kuvittaa_uutta_suomen_passia_ja_henkilokorttia_53748
  2. "Service prices 1st January 2018". Poliisi. 1 January 2018. Archived from the original on 6 March 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
  3. "Meld. St. 12 (2010–2011)". April 2011.
  4. "Global Ranking - Visa Restriction Index 2018". Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  5. https://www.passportindex.org/byRank.php
  6. "EUR-Lex - 32004L0038R(01) - EN - EUR-Lex". Eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
  7. Migration, State Secretariat for. "Free Movement of Persons Switzerland – EU/EFTA". www.sem.admin.ch. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
  8. The example of Åland autonomy as a minority protector, accessed 10 October 2016.
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