Frances Cress Welsing

Frances Luella Welsing (née Cress; March 18, 1935 – January 2, 2016) was an American Afrocentrist[1] psychiatrist and black supremacist. [2][3][4] Her 1970 essay, The Cress Theory of Color-Confrontation and Racism (White Supremacy),[5] offered her interpretation on the origins of what she described as white supremacy culture.

Frances Cress Welsing
Welsing receives Community Award at National Black LUV Festival on September 21, 2008
Born
Frances Luella Cress

(1935-03-18)March 18, 1935
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
DiedJanuary 2, 2016(2016-01-02) (aged 80)
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Alma materAntioch College (B.S.),
Howard University (M.D.)
OccupationPhysician
Known forThe Isis Papers: The Keys to the Colors (1991)

She was the author of The Isis Papers: The Keys to the Colors (1991).[6] Welsing caused controversy after she said that homosexuality among African-Americans was a ploy by white males to decrease the black population.[7]

Early life

Welsing was born Frances Luella Cress in Chicago on March 18, 1935. Her father, Dr. Henry N. Cress, was a physician, and her mother, Ida Mae Griffen, was a teacher. In 1957, she earned a B.S. degree at Antioch College and in 1962 received an M.D. at Howard University. In the 1960s, Welsing moved to Washington, D.C. and worked at many hospitals, especially children's hospitals.[8] While Welsing was an assistant professor at Howard University she formulated her first body of work in 1969, The Cress Theory of Color-Confrontation and self published it in 1970.[5] The paper subsequently appeared in the May 1974 edition of the Black Scholar. This was an introduction to her thoughts that would be developed in The Isis Papers.[9] Twenty-two years later she released The Isis Papers, a compilation of essays she had written about global and local race relations.

Career

In 1992 Welsing published The Isis Papers: The Keys to the Colors. The book is a compilation of essays that she had written over 18 years.

The name "The Isis Papers" was inspired by an ancient Egyptian goddess. Isis was the sister/wife of the most significant god Osiris. According to Welsing, all the names of the gods were significant; however, also according to Welsing, Osiris means "lord of the perfect Black". Welsing specifically chose the name Isis for her admiration of "truth and justice" that allowed for justice to be stronger than gold and silver.[9]

In this book she talks about the genocide of people of color globally, along with issues black people in the United States face. According to Welsing, the genocide of people of color is caused by white people's inability to produce melanin. The minority status of whites has caused what she calls a preoccupation with white genetic survival.

She believed that injustice caused by racism will end when "non-white people worldwide recognize, analyze, understand and discuss openly the genocidal dynamic."[9] She also tackled issues such as drug use, murder, teen pregnancy, infant mortality, incarceration, and unemployment, in the black community. According to Welsing, the cause of these issues is her definition of racism (white supremacy). Black men are at the center of Welsing's discussion because, according to her, they "have the greatest potential to cause white genetic annihilation."[9]

Views

In The Isis Papers, she described white people as the genetically defective descendants of albino mutants. She wrote that due to this "defective" mutation, they may have been forcibly expelled from Africa, among other possibilities.[10] Racism, in the views of Welsing, is a conspiracy "to ensure white genetic survival". She attributed AIDS and addiction to crack cocaine and other substances to "chemical and biological warfare" by white people.[10]

Welsing created a definition of racism, which is her theory of non-white genocide globally. She refers to racism and white supremacy synonymously. Her definition is "Racism (white supremacy) is the local and global power system dynamic, structured and maintained by those who classify themselves as white; whether consciously or subconsciously determined; this system consists of patterns of perception, logic, symbol formation, thought, speech, action and emotional response, as conducted simultaneously in all areas of people activity: economics, education, entertainment, labor, law, politics, religion, sex, and war. The ultimate purpose of the system is to ensure white genetic survival and to prevent white genetic annihilation on Earth --- a planet in which the overwhelming majority of people are classified as non-white, (black, brown, red, and yellow) by white skinned people. All of the non-white people are genetically dominant (in terms of skin coloration) compared to the genetic recessive white skinned people". Welsing was against white supremacy and the emasculation of black men.[9]

Criticisms

Welsing stated that the emasculation of the black man prevents procreation of black people. According to Welsing, this is one of the goals of racism (white supremacy). She calls this effeminization as a form of oppression.[11] An extension of feminizing black men is also described by Welsing as bisexuality and homosexuality.

Death

By December 30, 2015, Welsing suffered two strokes and was placed in critical care at a Washington, D.C.-area hospital.[12] She died on January 2, 2016, at the age of 80.[12][13]

Film appearances

Works
  • The Isis Papers: The Keys to the Colors, Chicago: Third World Press, c 1992 (3rd printing); ISBN 978-0-88378-103-6, ISBN 978-0-88378-104-3.

References
  1. Anne Pollock (2012). Medicating Race: Heart Disease and Durable Preoccupations with Difference. Duke University Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-8223-5344-7.
  2. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1980/09/25/controversial-black-doctor-provokes-reporters-reactions/fb5487f4-a45d-49d6-a235-b69d13d42ff0/
  3. Newkirk, Pamela (September 2002). Within the Veil: Black Journalists, White Media. NYU Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-8147-5800-7. Retrieved December 31, 2020.
  4. Walker, Clarence E. (June 14, 2001). We Can't Go Home Again: An Argument About Afrocentrism. Oxford University Press. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-19-535730-1. Retrieved December 31, 2020.
  5. Welsing, Frances Cress (May 1, 1974). "The Cress Theory of Color-Confrontation". The Black Scholar. 5 (8): 32–40. doi:10.1080/00064246.1974.11431416. ISSN 0006-4246.
  6. Jaynes, Gerald D. (2005). Encyclopedia of African American society, Volume 1. Sage. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-7619-2764-8.
  7. Lehr, Valerie (1999). Queer Family Values: Debunking the Myth of the Nuclear Family. Temple University Press. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-56639-684-4.
  8. This was from the previous wiki article
  9. Welsing, Frances (1991). Isis Papers. Washington, DC: C.W Publishing. pp. i–9. ISBN 978-1-60281-959-7.
  10. Ortiz de Montellano, Bernard R. (1993). "Melanin, afrocentricity, and pseudoscience". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 36 (S17): 33–58. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330360604.
  11. "Afrocentricity vs Homosexuality: The Isis Papers". www.spunk.org. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
  12. "Educator Frances Cress Welsing Dies at 80". Rolling Out.com. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
  13. "Dr. Frances Cress Welsing Dead at 80". The Root.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2016. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
  14. "500 Years Later" (PDF). African Holocaust.com. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
  15. "'Hidden Colors' Filmmaker Tariq Nasheed: 'Eric Garner Was Lynched'". Huffington Post.com. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
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