Genealogies in the Bible

There are various genealogies described in the Bible.

Genesis

The book of Genesis records the descendants of Adam and Eve. The enumerated genealogy in chapters 4, 5 and 11 reports the lineal male descent to Abraham, including the age at which each patriarch fathered his named son and the number of years he lived thereafter. The genealogy for Cain is given in Chapter 4 and the genealogy for Seth is in Chapter 5. The genealogy in chapter 10 recording the male descendants of Noah is known as the Table of Nations.

Table of Nations

Within the book of Genesis, the Table of Nations is an extensive list of descendants of Noah appearing within the Torah at Genesis 10, representing an ethnology from an Iron Age Levantine perspective and its reflections in the medieval and modern history and genealogy researches.

Family tree of Adam

AdamEve
CainAbelSeth
EnochEnos
IradKenan
MehujaelMahalalel
MethushaelJared
AdahLamechZillahEnoch
JabalJubalTubal-CainNaamahMethuselah
Lamech
Noah
ShemHamJapheth

Family tree of Abraham

Genealogy of Jesus in the New Testament

The New Testament provides two accounts of the genealogy of Jesus, one in the Gospel of Matthew and another in the Gospel of Luke.[1] Matthew starts with Abraham, while Luke begins with Adam. The lists are identical between Abraham and David, but differ radically from that point. Matthew has twenty-seven generations from David to Joseph, whereas Luke has forty-two, with almost no overlap between the names on the two lists.⁠ Notably, the two accounts also disagree on who Joseph's father was: Matthew says he was Jacob, while Luke says he was Heli.[2]

Traditional Christian scholars (starting with the historian Eusebius[3]) have put forward various theories that seek to explain why the lineages are so different,[4] such as that Matthew's account follows the lineage of Joseph, while Luke's follows the lineage of Mary. Some modern critical scholars like Marcus Borg and John Dominic Crossan claim both genealogies as inventions, to bring the Messianic claims into conformity with Jewish criteria.[5] However, it is not unusual, since ancient genealogies often skip generations that are not of particular interest to the topic at hand.

See also

References

  1. Matthew 1:1–16; Luke 3:23–38
  2. Matthew 1:16; Luke 3:23
  3. Eusebius Pamphilius, Church history, Life of Constantine §VII.
  4. R. T. France, The Gospel According to Matthew: An Introduction and Commentary (Eerdmans, 1985) page 71-72.
  5. Marcus J. Borg, John Dominic Crossan, The First Christmas (HarperCollins, 2009) page 95.
  • Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Genealogy (in the Bible)" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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