General Dynamics Electric Boat

General Dynamics Electric Boat[1] (GDEB) is a subsidiary of General Dynamics Corporation. It has been the primary builder of submarines for the United States Navy for more than 100 years. The company's main facilities are a shipyard in Groton, Connecticut, a hull-fabrication and outfitting facility in Quonset Point, Rhode Island, and a design and engineering facility in New London, Connecticut.

"Electric Boat" redirects here. For electrically powered boats in general, see electric boat.

General Dynamics Electric Boat
TypeSubsidiary
IndustryShipbuilding
Founded1899
FounderIsaac Rice
Headquarters
Groton, Connecticut
,
U.S
Number of locations
Groton, Connecticut;
Quonset Point, Rhode Island; New London, Connecticut
Key people
Kevin Graney (President)
ParentGeneral Dynamics
Websitewww.gdeb.com

History

The company was founded in 1899 by Isaac Rice as the Electric Boat Company to build John Philip Holland's submersible ship designs, which were developed at Lewis Nixon's Crescent Shipyard in Elizabeth, New Jersey. Holland VI was the first submarine that this shipyard built, which became USS Holland when it was commissioned into the United States Navy on April 11, 1900—the first submarine to be officially commissioned.[2] The success of Holland VI created a demand for follow-up models (A class or Plunger class) that began with the prototype submersible Fulton built at Electric Boat (EB). Some foreign navies were interested in John Holland's latest submarine designs, and so purchased the rights to build them under licensing contracts through EB; these included the United Kingdom's Royal Navy, the Imperial Japanese Navy, the Imperial Russian Navy, and the Royal Netherlands Navy.

From 1907 to 1925 EB designed submarines for the Navy and subcontracted their construction to the Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts and other shipyards. During this era, EB designed submarines of the B, C, D, E, K, L, M, N, AA-1, O, R, and S classes.

During the World War I era, the company and its subsidiaries (notably Elco) built 85 submarines via subcontractors and 722 submarine chasers for the US Navy, and 580 80-foot motor launches for the British Royal Navy.[3]

Interwar

After the war, the US Navy did not order another submarine from Electric Boat until Cuttlefish in 1931.[4] Cuttlefish was the first submarine built at EB's plant in Groton, Connecticut which has ever since been its primary submarine manufacturing facility. EB was the lead yard for several classes of submarines (Perch, Salmon, Sargo, Tambor, Gar, Mackerel and Gato) prior to World War II.

Starting in the early 1930s, EB was one of only two major US submarine manufacturers (the other being the Portsmouth Navy Yard) until the late 1950s. Three other yards (Manitowoc, Mare Island, and Cramp) produced submarines only during World War II. Several other yards including Mare Island built submarines in the late 1950s through the early 1970s. Since that time, only Electric Boat and Newport News have built submarines for the US Navy.

World War II

During World War II, the company built 74 submarines, while Elco built nearly 400 PT boats,[5] and Electric Boat ranked 77th among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.[6]

Post war

In 1952, Electric Boat was reorganized as General Dynamics Corporation under John Jay Hopkins. General Dynamics acquired Convair the following year, and the holding company assumed the "General Dynamics" name while the submarine-building operation reverted to the "Electric Boat" name.[7]

Electric Boat built the first nuclear submarine USS Nautilus which was launched in January 1954, and the first ballistic missile submarine USS George Washington in 1959. Submarines of the Ohio, Los Angeles, Seawolf, and Virginia classes were also constructed by Electric Boat. In 2002, EB conducted preservation work on Nautilus, preparing her for her berth at the US Navy Submarine Force Library and Museum in Groton, Connecticut where she now resides as a museum. Electric Boat's first submarine Holland was scrapped in 1932.

From the mid-1970s to the present, EB has been one of only two submarine manufacturers in the United States with the other being Newport News Shipbuilding in Virginia.

Electric Boat overhauls and undertakes repair work on fast attack class boats. The company built the Ohio-class ballistic missile submarines and Seawolf-class submarines, as well as others. In April 2014, EB was awarded a $17.8 billion contract with Naval Sea Systems Command for ten Block IV Virginia-class attack submarines. It is the largest single shipbuilding contract in the service's history. The company builds the submarine along with Huntington Ingalls Industries Newport News Shipbuilding. The boats of Block IV Virginias will cost less than Block III, as Electric Boat reduced the cost of the submarines by increasing efficiency in the construction process. The submarines of this type will build on the improvements to allow the boats to spend less time in the yard.[8] In 2019 EB received a contract with Naval Sea Systems command to begin procuring materials for the Block V variant of the Virginia-Class. This upgrade brings the Virginia payload module, which enables Tomahawk missiles to be carried by the submarine.[9]

1980s structural welding defect cover up

In the early 1980s, structural welding defects had been covered up by falsified inspection records, and this led to significant delays and expenses in the delivery of several submarines being built at Electric Boat's shipyard. In some cases, the repairs resulted in practically dismantling and then rebuilding what had been a nearly completed submarine. The yard tried to pass the vast cost overruns directly on to the Navy, while Admiral Hyman G. Rickover demanded from Electric Boat's general manager P. Takis Veliotis that the yard make good on its "shoddy" workmanship.

The Navy eventually settled with General Dynamics in 1981, paying out $634 million of $843 million in Los Angeles-class submarines cost-overrun and reconstruction claims. As it happened, the Navy was also the yard's insurer, liable to compensate the company for losses and other mishaps. The concept of reimbursing General Dynamics under these conditions was initially considered "preposterous," in the words of Secretary of the Navy John Lehman, but the eventual legal basis of General Dynamics' reimbursement claims to the Navy for the company's poor workmanship included insurance compensation.[10][11] Veliotis was subsequently indicted by a federal grand jury under racketeering and fraud charges in 1983 for demanding $1.3 million in kickbacks from a subcontractor. He escaped into exile and a life of luxury in his native Greece, where he remained a fugitive from U.S. justice.[12][13]

Ships built

Cachalot class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Cuttlefish SS-171 diesel-electric 8 June 1934[14] Sold for breaking up, 12 February 1947[14]

Porpoise class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Shark SS-174 diesel-electric 25 January 1936[14] Probably sunk by Japanese destroyer Yamakaze east of Manado, 11 February 1942[15]
Tarpon SS-175 diesel-electric 12 March 1936[14] Sold for breaking up, 8 June 1957;[14] foundered off Cape Hatteras, 26 August 1957[15]
Perch SS-176 diesel-electric 19 November 1936[14] Scuttled in the Java Sea on 3 March 1942 after being damaged by Japanese destroyers[15]
Pickerel SS-177 diesel-electric 26 January 1937[14] Sunk by Japanese vessels north of Honshū on 3 April 1943[15]
Permit SS-178 diesel-electric 17 March 1937[14] Sold for scrap on 28 June 1958[14]

Salmon class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Salmon SS-182 composite diesel-hydraulic and diesel-electric 15 March 1938[14] Constructive loss due to battle damage; broken up for scrap, 1946[14]
Seal SS-183 composite diesel-hydraulic and diesel-electric 30 April 1938[14] Sold for scrap, 6 May 1957[14]
Skipjack SS-184 composite diesel-hydraulic and diesel-electric 30 June 1938[14] Sunk in Operation Crossroads atomic bomb test, 25 July 1946; raised 2 September 1946; sunk as a target off southern California, 11 August 1948[14][15]

Sargo class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Sargo SS-188 composite diesel-hydraulic and diesel-electric 7 February 1939[14] Sold for scrap, 19 May 1947[14]
Saury SS-189 composite diesel-hydraulic and diesel-electric 3 April 1939[14] Sold for scrap, 19 May 1947[14]
Spearfish SS-190 composite diesel-hydraulic and diesel-electric 19 July 1939[14] Sold for scrap, 19 May 1947[14]
Seadragon SS-194 diesel-electric 23 October 1939[14] Sold for scrap, 2 July 1948[14]
Sealion SS-195 diesel-electric 27 November 1939[14] Scuttled at Cavite on 25 December 1941 after being damaged by Japanese aircraft on 10 December 1941[15]

Tambor class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Tambor SS-198 diesel-electric 3 June 1940[14] Sold for scrap, 5 December 1959[14]
Tautog SS-199 diesel-electric 3 July 1940[14] Sold for scrap, 1 July 1960[14]
Thresher SS-200 diesel-electric 27 August 1940[14] Sold for scrap, 18 March 1948[14]
Gar SS-206 diesel-electric 14 April 1941[14] Sold for scrap, 11 December 1959[14]
Grampus SS-207 diesel-electric 23 May 1941[14] Possibly sunk by Japanese destroyers in Blackett Strait, 5 March 1943[15]
Grayback SS-208 diesel-electric 30 June 1941[14] Sunk by Japanese aircraft south of Okinawa, 27 February 1944[15]

Mackerel class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Mackerel SS-204 diesel-electric 31 March 1941[14] Sold for scrap, 24 April 1947[14]

Gato class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Gato SS-212 diesel-electric 31 December 1941[14] Sold for scrap, 25 July 1960[15]
Greenling SS-213 diesel-electric 21 January 1942[14] Sold for scrap, 21 June 1960[15]
Grouper SS-214 diesel-electric 12 February 1942[14] Sold for scrap, 11 August 1970[15]
Growler SS-215 diesel-electric 20 March 1942[14] Sunk by Japanese vessels west of the Philippines, 8 November 1944[15]
Grunion SS-216 diesel-electric 11 April 1942[14] Sunk off of Kiska around 30 July 1942, cause unknown[15]
Guardfish SS-217 diesel-electric 8 May 1942[14] Sunk as a target off Block Island, 10 October 1961[15]
Albacore SS-218 diesel-electric 1 June 1942[14] Probably mined off of northern Hokkaidō, 7 November 1944[15]
Amberjack SS-219 diesel-electric 19 June 1942[14] Sunk by Japanese torpedo boat Hiyodori and SC-18 off Rabaul, 16 February 1943[15]
Barb SS-220 diesel-electric 8 July 1942[14] Transferred to Italy on 13 December 1954[15]
Blackfish SS-221 diesel-electric 22 July 1942[14] Sold for scrap on 4 May 1959[15]
Bluefish SS-222 diesel-electric 24 May 1943[14] Sold for scrap, 8 June 1960[15]
Bonefish SS-223 diesel-electric 31 May 1943[14] Sunk by Japanese vessels in Toyama Wan, Honshū, 18 June 1945[15]
Cod SS-224 diesel-electric 21 June 1943[14] Museum ship at Cleveland, Ohio since 25 January 1975[15]
Cero SS-225 diesel-electric 4 July 1943[14] Sold for scrap, October 1970[15]
Corvina SS-226 diesel-electric 6 August 1943[14] Sunk by Japanese submarine I-176 south of Truk Lagoon, 16 November 1943[15]
Darter SS-227 diesel-electric 7 September 1943[14] Grounded in the Palawan Strait and scuttled on 24 October 1944[15]
Angler SS-240 diesel-electric 1 October 1943[14] Sold for scrap, 1 February 1974[15]
Bashaw SS-241 diesel-electric 25 October 1943[14] Sold for scrap, 1 July 1972[15]
Bluegill SS-242 diesel-electric 11 November 1943[14] Scuttled as a trainer off Hawaii, 3 December 1970[15]
Bream SS-243 diesel-electric 24 January 1944[14] Sunk as a target off California, 7 November 1969[15]
Cavalla SS-244 diesel-electric 29 February 1944[14] Museum ship at Galveston, Texas as of 21 January 1971[15]
Cobia SS-245 diesel-electric 29 March 1944[14] Memorial at Manitowoc, Wisconsin, 17 August 1970[15]
Croaker SS-246 diesel-electric 21 April 1944[14] Museum ship at Groton, Connecticut on 27 June 1976[15]
Dace SS-247 diesel-electric 23 July 1943[14] Converted to GUPPY IB and transferred to Italy,[14] 31 January 1955[15]
Dorado SS-248 diesel-electric 28 August 1943[14] Sunk, off Panama on 12 October 1943[15]
Flasher SS-249 diesel-electric 25 September 1943[14] Sold for scrap 8 June 1963, conning tower is a memorial at Groton, Connecticut[14]
Flier SS-250 diesel-electric 18 October 1943[14] Mined in the Balabac Strait, 13 August 1944[15]
Flounder SS-251 diesel-electric 29 November 1943[14] Decommissioned 2 February 1960[14]
Gabilan SS-252 diesel-electric 28 December 1943[14] Sold for scrap, 11 January 1960[14]
Gunnel SS-253 diesel-electric 20 August 1942[14] Sold for scrap, December 1959[14]
Gurnard SS-254 diesel-electric 18 September 1942[14] Sold for scrap, 29 October 1961[15]
Haddo SS-255 diesel-electric 9 October 1942[14] Sold for scrap, 4 May 1959[14]
Hake SS-256 diesel-electric 30 October 1942[14] Sold for scrap, 5 December 1972[14]
Harder SS-257 diesel-electric 2 December 1942[14] Sunk by enemy vessels off Dasol Bay, Luzon, 24 August 1944[15]|-
Hoe SS-258 diesel-electric 16 December 1942[14] Sold for scrap, 10 September 1960[14]
Jack SS-259 diesel-electric 6 January 1943[14] Transferred to Greece, 21 April 1958[15]
Lapon SS-260 diesel-electric 23 January 1943[14] Transferred to Greece, 10 August 1957[15]
Mingo SS-261 diesel-electric 12 February 1943[14] Transferred to Japan unmodified, 15 August 1955[14]
Muskallunge SS-262 diesel-electric 15 March 1943[14] Transferred to Brazil unmodified, 18 January 1957[14]
Paddle SS-263 diesel-electric 29 March 1943[14] Transferred to Brazil unmodified, 18 January 1957[14]
Pargo SS-264 diesel-electric 26 April 1943[14] Sold for scrap, 16 May 1961[14]

Balao class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Perch SS-313 diesel-electric 7 January 1944[14] Sold for scrap, 15 January 1973[14]
Shark SS-314 diesel-electric 14 February 1944 Sunk by Harukaze 24 October 1944.
Sealion SS-315 diesel-electric 8 March 1944 Sunk as target 8 July 1978.
Barbel SS-316 diesel-electric 3 April 1944 Sunk by Japanese aircraft 4 February 1945.
Barbero SS-317 diesel-electric 29 April 1944 Sunk as target 7 October 1964.
Baya SS-318 diesel-electric 20 May 1944 Sold for scrap, 12 October 1973.
Becuna SS-319 diesel-electric 27 May 1944 Museum ship at Philadelphia, 21 June 1976.
Bergall SS-320 diesel-electric 12 June 1944 Transferred to Turkey 18 October 1958, sold to Turkey 15 February 1973.
Besugo SS-321 diesel-electric 19 June 1944 Transferred to Italy, 31 May 1966. Returned for scrapping, 20 June 1977.
Blackfin SS-322 diesel-electric 4 July 1944 Sunk as target 13 May 1973.
Caiman SS-323 diesel-electric 17 July 1944 Transferred to Turkey, 30 June 1972.
Blenny SS-324 diesel-electric 27 June 1944 Scuttled off Ocean City, Maryland, 7 June 1989.
Blower SS-325 diesel-electric 10 August 1944 Transferred to Turkey, 16 November 1950.
Blueback SS-326 diesel-electric 28 August 1944 Transferred to Turkey, 2 May 1948.
Boarfish SS-327 diesel-electric 28 August 1944 Transferred to Turkey, 23 May 1948. Returned for scrapping, 1 January 1974.
Charr SS-328 diesel-electric 23 September 1944 Sold for scrap, 17 August 1972.
Chub SS-329 diesel-electric 21 October 1944 Transferred to Turkey, 25 May 1948. Ultimately returned to US custody and scrapped.
Brill SS-330 diesel-electric 26 October 1944 Transferred to Turkey, 25 May 1948.
Bugara SS-331 diesel-electric 15 November 1944 Foundered while under tow, 1 June 1971.
Bullhead SS-332 diesel-electric 4 December 1944 Sunk by Japanese aircraft, 6 August 1945.
Cabezon SS-334 diesel-electric 30 December 1944 Sold for scrap, 28 December 1971.
Dentuda SS-335 diesel-electric 30 December 1944 Sold for scrap, 12 February 1969.
Capitaine SS-336 diesel-electric 26 January 1945 Transferred to Italy, 5 March 1966. Sold to Italy 5 December 1977 and disposed of.
Carbonero SS-337 diesel-electric 7 February 1945 Sunk as a target off Pearl Harbor, 27 April 1975.
Carp SS-338 diesel-electric 28 February 1945 Sold for scrap, 26 July 1973.
Catfish SS-339 diesel-electric 19 March 1945 Transferred to Argentina, 1 July 1971.
Entemedor SS-340 diesel-electric 6 April 1945 Transferred to Turkey on 31 July 1972; sold to Turkey on 1 August 1973.
Chivo SS-341 diesel-electric 28 April 1945 Transferred to Argentina, 1 July 1971.
Chopper SS-342 diesel-electric 25 May 1945 Sank off Cape Hatteras, 21 July 1976, while being rigged as a tethered underwater target.
Clamagore SS-343 diesel-electric 28 June 1945 Museum in Charleston SC.
Cobbler SS-344 diesel-electric 8 August 1945 Transferred to Turkey, 21 November 1973.
Cochino SS-345 diesel-electric 25 August 1945 Sunk by battery explosion and fire off Norway, August 26, 1949.
Corporal SS-346 diesel-electric 9 November 1945 Transferred to Turkey, 21 November 1973.
Cubera SS-347 diesel-electric 19 December 1945 Transferred to Venezuela, 5 January 1972.
Cusk SS-348 diesel-electric 5 February 1946 Sold for scrap, 26 June 1972.
Diodon SS-349 diesel-electric 18 March 1946 Sold for scrap, 12 May 1972.
Dogfish SS-350 diesel-electric 29 April 1946 Sold to Brazil, 28 July 1972.
Greenfish SS-351 diesel-electric 7 June 1946 Transferred to Brazil, 19 December 1973.
Halfbeak SS-352 diesel-electric 22 July 1946 Sold for scrap, 13 June 1972.

Tench class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Corsair SS-435 diesel-electric 8 November 1946 Sold for scrap, 8 November 1963.

Barracuda class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Barracuda SSK-1 diesel-electric 10 November 1951 Sold for scrap, 21 March, 1974.

Tang class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Trigger SS-564 diesel-electric 31 March 1952 Transferred to Italy on 10 July 1973.
Trout SS-566 diesel-electric 27 June 1952 Transferred to Iran 19 December 1978; Scrapped 27 February 2009.
Harder SS-568 diesel-electric 19 August 1952 Sold to Italy, 1974.

Nautilus class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Nautilus SSN-571 nuclear-electric 30 September 1954 Museum ship since 20 May 1982 as part of the Submarine Force Library and museum.

T-1 class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Mackerel SST-1 diesel-electric 9 October 1953 Sunk as target 18 October 1978.

Seawolf class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Seawolf SSN-575 nuclear-electric 30 March 1957 Disposed of by submarine recycling 30 September 1997.

Darter class
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Darter SS-576 diesel-electric 20 October 1956 Sunk as a target, 7 January 1992.

Skate class
Main article: Skate-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Skate SSN-578 nuclear-electric 23 December 1957 Disposed of by submarine recycling 6 March 1995.

Skipjack class
Main article: Skipjack-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Skipjack SSN-585 nuclear-electric 15 April 1959 Disposed of by submarine recycling 1 September 1998.
Scorpion SSN-589 nuclear-electric 29 July 1960 Lost with a crew of 99 on 22 May 1968; cause of sinking unknown.

Triton class
Main article: USS Triton (SSRN-586)
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Triton SSRN-586 nuclear-electric 10 November 1959 Disposed of by submarine recycling 30 November 2009.

Thresher/Permit class
Main article: Thresher/Permit-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Flasher SSN-613 nuclear-electric 22 July 1966 Disposed of by submarine recycling 11 May 1994.
Greenling SSN-614 nuclear-electric 3 November 1967 Disposed of by submarine recycling 30 September 1994.
Gato SSN-615 nuclear-electric 25 January 1968 Disposed of by submarine recycling.

Lafayette class
Main article: Lafayette-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Lafayette SSBN-616 nuclear-electric 23 April 1963 Disposed of by submarine recycling 25 February 1992.
Alexander Hamilton SSBN-617 nuclear-electric 27 June 1963 Disposed of by submarine recycling 28 February 1994.
Nathan Hale SSBN-623 nuclear-electric 12 November 1963 Disposed of by submarine recycling 5 April 1994.
Daniel Webster SSBN-626 nuclear-electric 9 April 1964 Became moored training ship MTS-626.

James Madison class
Main article: James Madison-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Tecumseh SSBN-628 nuclear-electric 29 May 1964 Disposed of by submarine recycling 1 April 1994.
Ulysses S. Grant SSBN-631 nuclear-electric 17 July 1964 Disposed of by submarine recycling 23 October 1993.
Casimir Pulaski SSBN-633 nuclear-electric 14 August 1964 Disposed of by submarine recycling 21 October 1994.

Sturgeon class
Main article: Sturgeon-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Sturgeon SSN-637 nuclear-electric 3 March 1967 Disposed of by submarine recycling 11 December 1995.
Pargo SSN-650 nuclear-electric 5 January 1968 Disposed of by submarine recycling 15 October 1996.
Bergall SSN-667 nuclear-electric 13 June 1969 Disposed of by submarine recycling 29 September 1997.
Seahorse SSN-669 nuclear-electric 19 September 1969 Disposed of by submarine recycling 30 September 1996.
Flying Fish SSN-673 nuclear-electric 29 April 1970 Disposed of by submarine recycling 16 October 1996.
Trepang SSN-674 nuclear-electric 14 August 1970 Disposed of by submarine recycling 17 April 2000.
Bluefish SSN-675 nuclear-electric 8 January 1971 Disposed of by submarine recycling 1 November 2003.
Billfish SSN-676 nuclear-electric 12 March 1971 Disposed of by submarine recycling 26 April 2000.
Archerfish SSN-678 nuclear-electric 17 December 1971 Disposed of by submarine recycling 6 November 1998.
Silversides SSN-679 nuclear-electric 5 May 1972 Disposed of by submarine recycling 1 October 2001.
Batfish SSN-681 nuclear-electric 1 September 1972 Disposed of by submarine recycling 22 November 2002.

Los Angeles class
Main article: Los Angeles-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Philadelphia SSN-690 nuclear-electric 25 June 1977 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Omaha SSN-692 nuclear-electric 11 March 1978 Disposed of by submarine recycling.
Groton SSN-694 nuclear-electric 8 July 1978 Disposed of by submarine recycling.
New York City SSN-696 nuclear-electric 3 March 1979 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Indianapolis SSN-697 nuclear-electric 5 January 1980 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Bremerton SSN-698 nuclear-electric 28 March 1981 Active, scheduled to be decommissioned in 2019.
Jacksonville SSN-699 nuclear-electric 16 May 1981 Inactive, scheduled to be decommissioned in 2018.
Dallas SSN-700 nuclear-electric 18 July 1981 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
La Jolla SSN-701 nuclear-electric 24 October 1981 Conversion to moored training ship commenced in 2015,
to be completed by the end of 2018.
Phoenix SSN-702 nuclear-electric 19 December 1981 Disposed of by submarine recycling.
Boston SSN-703 nuclear-electric 30 January 1982 Disposed of by submarine recycling.
Baltimore SSN-704 nuclear-electric 24 July 1982 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
City of Corpus Christi SSN-705 nuclear-electric 8 January 1983 Stricken, undergoing nuclear deactivation
Albuquerque SSN-706 nuclear-electric 21 May 1983 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Portsmouth SSN-707 nuclear-electric 1 October 1983 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Minneapolis-Saint Paul SSN-708 nuclear-electric 10 March 1984 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Hyman G. Rickover SSN-709 nuclear-electric 21 July 1984 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Augusta SSN-710 nuclear-electric 19 January 1985 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Providence SSN-719 nuclear-electric 27 July 1985 Active, scheduled to be decommissioned in 2019.
Pittsburgh SSN-720 nuclear-electric 23 November 1985 Active, scheduled to be decommissioned in 2019.
Louisville SSN-724 nuclear-electric 8 November 1986 Active in service.
Helena SSN-725 nuclear-electric 11 July 1987 Active in service.
San Juan SSN-751 nuclear-electric 6 August 1988 Active in service.
Pasadena SSN-752 nuclear-electric 11 February 1989 Active in service.
Topeka SSN-754 nuclear-electric 21 October 1989 Active in service.
Miami SSN-755 nuclear-electric 30 June 1990 Stricken, to be disposed of by submarine recycling.
Alexandria SSN-757 nuclear-electric 29 June 1991 Active in service.
Annapolis SSN-760 nuclear-electric 11 April 1992 Active in service.
Springfield SSN-761 nuclear-electric 9 January 1993 Active in service.
Columbus SSN-762 nuclear-electric 24 July 1993 Active in service.
Santa Fe SSN-763 nuclear-electric 8 January 1994 Active in service.
Hartford SSN-768 nuclear-electric 10 December 1994 Active in service.
Columbia SSN-771 nuclear-electric 9 October 1995 Active in service.

Ohio class
Main article: Ohio-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Ohio SSGN-726 nuclear-electric 11 November 1981 In service, converted to a guided missile submarine.
Michigan SSGN-727 nuclear-electric 11 September 1982 In service, converted to a guided missile submarine.
Florida SSGN-728 nuclear-electric 18 June 1983 In service, converted to a guided missile submarine.
Georgia SSGN-729 nuclear-electric 11 February 1984 In service, converted to a guided missile submarine.
Henry M. Jackson SSBN-730 nuclear-electric 16 October 1984 Active in service.
Alabama SSBN-731 nuclear-electric 25 May 1985 Active in service.
Alaska SSBN-732 nuclear-electric 25 January 1986 Active in service.
Nevada SSBN-733 nuclear-electric 16 August 1986 Active in service.
Tennessee SSBN-734 nuclear-electric 17 December 1988 Active in service.
Pennsylvania SSBN-735 nuclear-electric 9 September 1989 Active in service.
West Virginia SSBN-736 nuclear-electric 20 October 1990 Active in service.
Kentucky SSBN-737 nuclear-electric 13 July 1991 Active in service.

Seawolf class
Main article: Seawolf-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Seawolf SSN-21 nuclear-electric 19 July 1997 Active in service.
Connecticut SSN-22 nuclear-electric 11 December 1998 Active in service.
Jimmy Carter SSN-23 nuclear-electric 19 February 2005 Active in service.

Virginia class
Main article: Virginia-class submarine
Name Hull number Type Commissioned Status
Virginia SSN-774 nuclear-electric 23 October 2004 Active in service.
Hawaii SSN-776 nuclear-electric 5 May 2007 Active in service.
New Hampshire SSN-778 nuclear-electric 25 October 2008 Active in service.
Missouri SSN-780 nuclear-electric 31 July 2010 Active in service.
Mississippi SSN-782 nuclear-electric 2 June 2012 Active in service.
North Dakota SSN-784 nuclear-electric 25 October 2014 Active in service.
Illinois SSN-786 nuclear-electric 29 October 2016 Active in service.
Colorado SSN-788 nuclear-electric 17 March 2018 Active in service.
South Dakota SSN-790 nuclear-electric 2 February 2019 Active in service.

References
  1. General Dynamics Electric Boat home page
  2. Turtle was used in combat during the American Revolutionary War, but it was never officially commissioned into the Navy.
  3. Gardiner, p. 101, 132–133
  4. Lenton, H. T. American Submarines (Doubleday, 1973), p.37; Friedman, Norman. U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History (United States Naval Institute Press, 2005), pp. 285–304.
  5. Lenton, pp.5 & 62–102 passim.
  6. Peck, Merton J. & Scherer, Frederic M. The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis (1962) Harvard Business School p.619
  7. "General Dynamics Corporation". U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission. Archived from the original on 12 November 2008. Retrieved 31 March 2006.
  8. "U.S. Navy Awards 'Largest Shipbuilding Contract' in Service History". Retrieved 11 August 2016.
  9. "Electric Boat Awarded Long-Lead Contract for Virginia-Class Block V Attack Boats". USNI News. 13 March 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
  10. Van Voorst, Bruce; Thomas Evans (24 December 1984). "Overrun Silent, Overrun Deep". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 19 March 2009.
  11. Alexander, Charles P.; Christopher Redman; John E. Yang (8 April 1985). "General Dynamics Under Fire". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 20 March 2009.
  12. "The Fugitive Accuser". Time. 8 April 1985. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 20 March 2009.
  13. Biddle, Wayne. "Defense Contracts – News – Times Topics – The New York Times – Narrowed by 'VELIOTIS, P TAKIS'". Retrieved 20 March 2009.
  14. Friedman, Norman (1995). U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. pp. 285–304. ISBN 1-55750-263-3.
  15. Bauer, K. Jack; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. 268–269. ISBN 0-313-26202-0.
  • Gardiner, Robert, Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921 Conway Maritime Press, 1985. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.

Further reading
  • The Defender: The Story of General Dynamics, by Roger Franklin. Published by Harper and Row 1986.
  • Brotherhood of Arms: General Dynamics and The Business of Defending America, by Jacob Goodwin. Published 1985. Random House.
  • The Legend of Electric Boat, Serving The Silent Service. Published by Write Stuff Syndicate, 1994 and 2007. Written by Jeffery L. Rodengen.
  • International Directory of Company Histories Volume 86 under General Dynamics/Electric Boat Corporation, July 2007; pp. 136–139. Published by St James Press/Thomson Gale Group.
  • Who Built Those Subs? Naval History Magazine, Oct. 1998 125th Anniversary issue, pp. 31–34. Written by Richard Knowles Morris PhD. Published by The United States Naval Institute, Annapolis, Md. Copyrighted 1998.
  • The Klaxon, The U.S. Navy's official submarine force newsletter, April 1992. Published by the Nautilus Memorial Submarine Force Library and Museum in Groton/New London, CT.
  • "The Ups and Downs of Electric Boat" John D. Alden, United States Naval Institute, Proceedings Magazine, 1 July 1999, p. 64.
  • Running Critical: The Silent War, Rickover, and General Dynamics, by Patrick Tyler. Published by Harper & Row 1986.
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