Gliese 205

Gliese 205 is a nearby red dwarf star of spectral type M1.5, located in constellation Orion at 18.45 light-years from Earth.[11]

GJ 205
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Orion
Right ascension 05h 31m 27.39578s[1]
Declination −03° 40′ 38.0240″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 7.932[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Red dwarf
Spectral type M1.5V[3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)8.26[1] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 761.631[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −2092.209[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)175.3131 ± 0.0204[1] mas
Distance18.604 ± 0.002 ly
(5.7041 ± 0.0007 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)9.188[4]
Details
Mass0.633[2] M☉
Radius0.594[5] R☉
Luminosity0.062[5] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.703[5] cgs
Temperature3,891[5] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.23[5] dex
Rotation35.0±0.1 d[6]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.73[7] km/s
Age2.6[2] Gyr
Other designations
BD−03°1123,[8] GJ 205,[9] HD 36395,[10] HIP 25878,[11] LHS 30,[12] SAO 132211,[13] Wolf 1453,[14] W. B. V. 592[15][16], Weisse I, 5h 592, [17][18][16] Strb. 1611[19][20], Cin. 705[21], Ci 20=334[22], G 99-15, LFT 416, LTT 2293, NLTT 15215[23] PLX 1255,[24] TYC 4770-574-1,[25] 2MASS J05312734-0340356
Database references
SIMBADdata

History of observations

A designation of this star, used in "Discovery Name" column of Table 4 of Kirkpatrick et al. (2012), is Strb. 1611.[19] This name was taken from van de Kamp (1930)[20]. (The origin of this designation is not explained in these articles. Anyway, it is not Struve's 1827 catalogue of binary stars, since for this catalogue another prefix ("Σ") is used, for example, "Σ 2398",[19][20] and real Σ 1611 is located in completely different part of the sky.[26] Also, Gliese 205 is not a binary star. In the paper, published in Annales de l'Observatoire de Strasbourg in 1926 an object "N** Strasb. 1611" in "5h" sections was listed,[27] so, possibly, this designation relates to the Observatory of Strasbourg. Possibly, it is the "Catalogue de Strasbourge" of 8204 stars, published in Volume 4 of Annales de l'Observatoire de Strasbourg in 1912 — a part of international Astronomische Gesellschaft Katalog (AGK),[27] made by various observatories by 1912. If so, then there are earlier designations).

Of the other designations, the earliest one is W. B. V. 592 or Weisse I, 5h 592 (Maximiliano Weisse; Friedrich Bessel, Positiones mediae stellarum fixarum I, 1846).[16] This catalogue was based on observations, made by Bessel in 1821–1833 and published in 1822–1838 in Astronomische Beobachtungen auf der königlichen Universitäts-Sternwarte in Königsberg as "Beobachtungen der Sterne, nach Zonen der Abweichung angestellt". Gliese 205, probably, was observed on January 8, 1823 in zone 140 (see the 9th abtheilung (1824), page 55, 2nd column, 33rd string).[28]

Planetary System

In 2019 two candidate planet been detected by the radial velocity method.[29]

The Gliese 205 planetary system
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 10.3+4.3
−3.9 M⊕		 0.109+0.010
−0.011		 16.938+0.011
−0.022		 0.11+0.21
−0.11		 — —
c 13.8+10.7
−9.7 M⊕		 0.689±0.068 270.8+5.7
−8.8		 0.04+0.24
−0.04		 — —

References
  1. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics (in press). arXiv:2012.01533. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. Mann, Andrew W.; Feiden, Gregory A.; Gaidos, Eric; Boyajian, Tabetha; von Braun, Kaspar (2015). "How to Constrain Your M Dwarf: Measuring Effective Temperature, Bolometric Luminosity, Mass, and Radius". The Astrophysical Journal. 804 (1): 64. arXiv:1501.01635. Bibcode:2015ApJ...804...64M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/64. S2CID 19269312.
  3. Jenkins, J. S.; Ramsey, L. W.; Jones, H. R. A.; Pavlenko, Y.; Gallardo, J.; Barnes, J. R.; Pinfield, D. J.; Laughlin, G.; Holden, B.; Teske, J. K.; Shectman, S. A.; Crane, J. D.; Thompson, I.; Keiser, S.; Jenkins, J. S.; Berdiñas, Z.; Diaz, M.; Kiraga, M.; Barnes, J. R. (2009). "Rotational Velocities for M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 704 (2): 975. arXiv:0908.4092. Bibcode:2009ApJ...704..975J. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/975. S2CID 119203469.
  4. Houdebine, Éric R.; Mullan, D. J.; Doyle, J. G.; de la Vieuville, Geoffroy; Butler, C. J.; Paletou, F. (2019). "The Mass-Activity Relationships in M and K Dwarfs. I. Stellar Parameters of Our Sample of M and K Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (2): 56. arXiv:1905.07921. Bibcode:2019AJ....158...56H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab23fe. S2CID 159041104.
  5. Schweitzer, A.; et al. (May 2019). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Different roads to radii and masses of the target stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 625: 16. arXiv:1904.03231. Bibcode:2019A&A...625A..68S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834965. A68.
  6. Suárez Mascareño, A.; et al. (September 2015), "Rotation periods of late-type dwarf stars from time series high-resolution spectroscopy of chromospheric indicators", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 452 (3): 2745–2756, arXiv:1506.08039, Bibcode:2015MNRAS.452.2745S, doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1441, S2CID 119181646.
  7. Houdebine, E. R.; Mullan, D. J.; Bercu, B.; Paletou, F.; Gebran, M. (2017). "The Rotation-Activity Correlations in K and M Dwarfs. II. New Constraints on the Dynamo Mechanisms in Late-K and M Dwarfs Before and at the Transition to Complete Convection". The Astrophysical Journal. 837 (1): 96. arXiv:1701.07608. Bibcode:2017ApJ...837...96H. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa5cad. S2CID 119080586.
  8. Schönfeld, Eduard; et al. (1886). "BD -3 1123". Southern Durchmusterung.
  9. Gliese, W.; Jahreiß, H. (1991). "Gl 205". Preliminary Version of the Third Catalogue of Nearby Stars.
  10. Cannon, Annie Jump; et al. (1918–1924). "HD 36395". Henry Draper Catalogue and Extension.
  11. Perryman; et al. (1997). "HIP 25878". The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues.
  12. Luyten, Willem Jacob (1979). "LHS 30". LHS Catalogue, 2nd Edition.
  13. SAO Staff (1966). "SAO 132211". SAO Star Catalog J2000.
  14. Wolf, M. (1924). "Einige starker bewegte Sterne beim Orionnebel". Astronomische Nachrichten. 222 (15): 253–256. Bibcode:1924AN....222..253W. doi:10.1002/asna.19242221505.
  15. Comstock, G. C. (1897). "Research work at the Washburn Observatory. Stellar parallax, the lunar atmosphere, the ocular heliometer". The Astrophysical Journal. 6: 419. Bibcode:1897ApJ.....6..419C. doi:10.1086/140424.
  16. Weisse, Maximiliano; Bessel, Friedrich (1846). "Positiones mediae stellarum fixarum inter −15° et +15° declinationis ex zonis regiomontanis". Petropoli. Typis academiae scientarum. Google Books id: UBTnAAAAMAAJ. Page 50 (W. B. V. 592)
  17. Schlesinger, F. (1911). "Photographic determinations of stellar parallax made with the Yerkes refractor. IV". The Astrophysical Journal. 33: 234. Bibcode:1911ApJ....33..234S. doi:10.1086/141853.
  18. Schlesinger, F. (1911). "Photographic determinations of stellar parallax made with the Yerkes refractor. VII". The Astrophysical Journal. 34: 26. Bibcode:1911ApJ....34...26S. doi:10.1086/141869.
  19. Kirkpatrick, J. D.; Gelino, C. R.; Cushing, M. C.; Mace, G. N.; Griffith, R. L.; Skrutskie, M. F.; Marsh, K. A.; Wright, E. L.; Eisenhardt, P. R.; McLean, I. S.; Mainzer, A. K.; Burgasser, A. J.; Tinney, C. G.; Parker, S.; Salter, G. (2012). "Further Defining Spectral Type "Y" and Exploring the Low-mass End of the Field Brown Dwarf Mass Function". The Astrophysical Journal. 753 (2): 156. arXiv:1205.2122. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753..156K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/156. S2CID 119279752.
  20. van de Kamp, P. (1930). "List of stars nearer than five parsecs". Popular Astronomy. 38: 17. Bibcode:1930PA.....38...17V.
  21. Adams, W. S.; Joy, A. H.; Humason, M. L. (1926). "The absolute magnitudes and parallaxes of 410 stars of type M". The Astrophysical Journal. 64: 225. Bibcode:1926ApJ....64..225A. doi:10.1086/143007.
  22. Porter, J. G.; Yowell, E. J.; Smith, E. S. (1930). "A catalogue of 1474 stars with proper motion exceeding four-tenths year". Publications of the Cincinnati Observatory. 20: 1–32. Bibcode:1930PCinO..20....1P.
  23. Luyten, Willem Jacob (1979). "NLTT 15215". NLTT Catalogue.
  24. Van Altena W. F.; Lee J. T.; Hoffleit E. D. (1995). "GCTP 1255". The General Catalogue of Trigonometric Stellar Parallaxes (Fourth ed.).
  25. Perryman; et al. (1997). "HIP 25878". The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues.
  26. Page 41 (Σ 1611)
  27. Cohn, M. (1926). "Deuxième Partie. Mémoires. Les Mouvements Propres des Étoiles du Catalouge A. G. De Strasbourg". Annales de l'Observatoire de Strasbourg. 1: 187. Bibcode:1926AnOSt...1..187C.
  28. "Astronomische Beobachtungen auf der königlichen Universitäts-Sternwarte in Königsberg". 9—12. (1824–1827). Königsberg, Universitäts-Buchhandlung. Google Books id: f9RUAAAAcAAJ. Page 55
  29. Barnes, J. R.; et al. (2019-06-11). "Frequency of planets orbiting M dwarfs in the Solar neighbourhood". arXiv:1906.04644 [astro-ph.EP].
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