Government of Vietnam

The Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the executive branch and body of the State of Vietnam. The members of the Government are appointed by the President of Vietnam on the advice of the Prime Minister of Vietnam, and approved by the National Assembly of Vietnam.

State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Nhà nước Cộng hòa Xã hội Chủ nghĩa Việt Nam
Polity typeUnitary one-party socialist republic
ConstitutionConstitution of Vietnam (2013)
Formation9 February 1945 (1945-02-09) (original)
7 February 1976 (1976-02-07) (current form)
Legislative branch
NameNational Assembly
TypeUnicameral
Meeting placeNational Assembly Building (Dien Hong Hall) at Ba Đình District, Hanoi
Presiding officerChairperson of the National Assembly
Executive branch
Head of State
TitlePresident
Head of Government
TitlePrime Minister
AppointerNational Assembly
Cabinet
NameGovernment
AppointerPrime Minister
HeadquartersGovernment Office at Ba Đình District, Hanoi
Judicial branch
Supreme People's Court
SeatSupreme People's Court at Hoàn Kiếm District, Hanoi
Vietnam
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Vietnam
Ideology
Constitution
  • History
    • 1946
    • 1959
    • 1980
    • 1992
    • 2013
Communist Party
Legislative
  • Provincial People's Councils
Presidency
Executive
Fatherland Front
Military
Foreign relations
See also
 Vietnam portal

Names

After the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam on 2 September 1945, based on 1945 Constitution the executive branch is called the Government (Chính phủ). The Government is headed by the President. Under the President is the Cabinet which is headed by the Prime Minister.

From 1959 to 1980, based on 1959 Constitution the executive branch is named as the Council of Government (Hội đồng Chính phủ). The Council of Government is headed by the Chairman (equivalent to the Prime Minister).

From 1980 to 1992, based on 1980 Constitution the executive branch is called the Council of Ministers (Hội đồng Bộ trưởng). The Council of Ministers is headed by the Chairman (equivalent to the Prime Minister).

From 1992 to now, based on 1992 Constitution the executive branch is renamed as the Government (Chính phủ). The Government is headed by the Prime Minister.

History

Council of Ministers (1980–1992)

The Vietnamese Council of Ministers was entrusted by the 1980 Constitution with managing and implementing the governmental activities of the state.[1] It is described in that document as "the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the highest executive state body of the highest body of state authority." It is accountable to the National Assembly of Vietnam, and, more directly, to the Vietnamese Council of State when the National Assembly is not in session. Its duties include submitting draft laws, decrees, and other bills to the National Assembly and the Council of State; drafting state plans and budgets and implementing them following the National Assembly's approval; managing the development of the national economy; organising national defence activities and assuring the preparedness of the armed forces; and organising and managing the state's foreign relations. Its membership includes a chairman, vice-chairman, cabinet ministers, and the heads of state committees, whose terms of office coincide with that of the National Assembly. The Council of Ministers includes its own standing committee, which serves to co-ordinate and mobilise the council's activities. In 1986 the standing committee was expanded from ten to thirteen members.

Each ministry is headed by a minister, who is assisted by two to twelve deputy ministers. The number and functions of the ministries are not prescribed in the Constitution, but in 1987 there were twenty-three ministries and a number of other specialised commissions and departments. In an apparent response to the call by the Sixth National Party Congress in 1986 for a streamlined bureaucracy, several ministries were merged. The former ministries of agriculture, food, and food industry were joined in a newly created Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry. The ministries of power and mines were merged to form the Ministry of Energy, and a newly created Ministry of Labour, War Invalids, and Social Welfare consolidated the duties of three former ministries. The addition of two new ministerial bodies also resulted from the 6th National Party Congress: a Ministry of Information to replace the Vietnam Radio and Television Commission, and a mission for Economic Relations with Foreign Countries to act as a co-ordinating body for foreign aid.......................................

Government (since 1992)

The current Government of Vietnam consists of 18 ministries, 4 ministry-level agencies and 11 other government-dependent agencies.

18 Ministries (Bộ), each is headed by a Minister (Bộ trưởng):

4 ministry-level agencies:

11 other government-dependent agencies:

  • Vietnam Television or VTV (Đài Truyền hình Việt Nam), headed by a General Director (Tổng Giám đốc)
  • Vietnam News Agency or VNA (Thông tấn xã Việt Nam), headed by a General Director (Tổng Giám đốc)
  • Voice of Vietnam or VOV (Đài Tiếng nói Việt Nam), headed by a General Director (Tổng Giám đốc)
  • Commission for the Management of State Capital at Enterprises or CMSC (Ủy ban Quản lý vốn Nhà nước tại doanh nghiệp), headed by a Chairperson (Chủ tịch)
  • Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics (Học viện Chính trị Quốc gia Hồ Chí Minh), headed by a President (Giám đốc)
  • Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum Management (Ban Quản lý Lăng Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh), headed by a Chief (Trưởng ban)
  • Vietnam Social Security (Bảo hiểm Xã hội Việt Nam), headed by a General Director (Tổng Giám đốc)
  • Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences (Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học Xã hội Việt Nam), headed by a Chairperson (Chủ tịch)
  • Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam), headed by a Chairperson (Chủ tịch)
  • Vietnam National University, Hanoi (Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội), headed by a President (Giám đốc)
  • Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City (Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh), headed by a President (Giám đốc)

Current government members (2016-2021)

The current Government is appointed by the President and approved by the National Assembly in 2016 after the 2016 legislative election. The term length for each government is 5 years and renewable. This Government is expected to end before the 2021 legislative election.

Position Name Member of Central Executive Committee of the Communist Party Politburo of the Communist Party
Member Rank
Prime Minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc Yes Yes 2nd
Permanent Deputy Prime Minister Trương Hòa Bình Yes Yes 14th
Deputy Prime Minister Vũ Đức Đam Yes No
Deputy Prime Minister Trịnh Đình Dũng Yes No
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Phạm Bình Minh Yes Yes 4th
Minister of Defence Ngô Xuân Lịch Yes Yes 5th
Minister of Public Security Tô Lâm Yes Yes 6th
Minister of Justice Lê Thành Long Yes No
Minister of Finance Đinh Tiến Dũng Yes No
Minister of Industry and Trade Trần Tuấn Anh Yes No
Minister of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs Đào Ngọc Dung Yes No
Minister of Transport Nguyễn Văn Thể Yes No
Minister of Construction Phạm Hồng Hà Yes No
Minister of Information and Communications Nguyễn Mạnh Hùng Yes No
Minister of Education and Training Phùng Xuân Nhạ Yes No
Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development Nguyễn Xuân Cường Yes No
Minister of Planning and Investment Nguyễn Chí Dũng Yes No
Minister of Home Affairs Lê Vĩnh Tân Yes No
Minister of Science and Technology Huỳnh Thành Đạt Yes No
Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism Nguyễn Ngọc Thiện Yes No
Minister of Natural Resources and Environment Trần Hồng Hà Yes No
Minister of Health Nguyễn Thanh Long[2] No No
Chief of the Government Office Mai Tiến Dũng Yes No
Inspector-General of the Government Lê Minh Khái Yes No
Governor of the State Bank Nguyễn Thị Hồng No No
Chief of the Committee on Ethnic Minority Affairs Đỗ Văn Chiến Yes No

The heads of other government-dependent agencies are appointed by the Prime Minister without approval by the National Assembly. Usually there is no term limit on the leaders of those agencies. The current heads of the government-dependent agencies are:

References
  1. "Vietnam - Government and society". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  2. "Vietnam PM appoints acting health minister". VietReader Viet Nam.
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