Grey Turner's sign
Grey Turner's sign refers to bruising of the flanks, the part of the body between the last rib and the top of the hip. The bruising appears as a blue discoloration,[1] and is a sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage, or bleeding behind the peritoneum, which is a lining of the abdominal cavity. Grey Turner's sign takes 24–48 hours to develop, and can predict a severe attack of acute pancreatitis.[2]
| Grey Turner's sign | |
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| Grey Turner's sign | |
| Differential diagnosis | Acute pancreatitis, ectopic pregnancy |
Grey Turner's sign may be accompanied by Cullen's sign. Both signs may be indicative of pancreatic necrosis with retroperitoneal or intra-abdominal bleeding. Grey Turner's sign is named after British surgeon George Grey Turner.[3]
Causes
Causes include
- Acute pancreatitis, whereby methemalbumin formed from digested blood tracks subcutaneously around the abdomen from the inflamed pancreas.
- Pancreatic hemorrhage[1]
- Retroperitoneal hemorrhage[1]
- Blunt abdominal trauma
- Ruptured / hemorrhagic ectopic pregnancy.
- Spontaneous bleeding secondary to coagulopathy (congenital or acquired)
- Aortic rupture, from ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm or other causes.[1]
History
It is named after British surgeon George Grey Turner.[3][4]
References
- Goldman, Lee (2012). Goldman's Cecil Medicine (24th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. p. 837. ISBN 978-1437727883.
- Bosmann M, Schreiner O, Galle PR (April 2009). "Coexistence of Cullen's and Grey Turner's signs in acute pancreatitis". Am. J. Med. 122 (4): 333–4. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.08.032. PMID 19332225.
- synd/3347 at Who Named It?
- Turner, G. Grey (1919). "Local discoloration of the abdominal wall as a sign of acute pancreatitis". British Journal of Surgery. 7 (27): 394–395. doi:10.1002/bjs.1800072711. S2CID 72710780.
External links
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