Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum

The Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum is the presidential library and resting place of Harry S. Truman, the 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953), his wife Bess and daughter Margaret, and is located on U.S. Highway 24 in Independence, Missouri. It was the first presidential library to be created under the provisions of the 1955 Presidential Libraries Act, and is one of thirteen presidential libraries administered by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA).

Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum
General information
Location500 West U.S. Highway 24
Independence, Missouri, U.S.
Coordinates39°06′12″N 94°25′15″W
Named forHarry S Truman
InauguratedDedicated on July 6, 1957 (July 6, 1957)
Cost$1,700,000
ManagementNARA
Design and construction
ArchitectEdward Neild (primary),
Gentry and Voskamp
Website
https://www.trumanlibrary.org/

History
Funeral services in 1972 for Harry Truman—president of the United States 1945–1953. His wife opted for a private service rather than a larger, state funeral in Washington, D.C.

Built on a hill overlooking the Kansas City skyline, on land donated by the City of Independence, the Truman Library was dedicated July 6, 1957, in a ceremony which included the Masonic Rites of Dedication and attendance by former President Herbert Hoover (then the only living former president other than President Truman), Chief Justice Earl Warren, and former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt.[1]

Here, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Medicare Act on July 30, 1965.

On December 11, 2006, Kofi Annan gave his final speech as Secretary-General of the United Nations at the library, where he encouraged the United States to return to the multilateralist policies of Truman.

Design

The lead architect of the project was Edward F. Neild of Shreveport, Louisiana. Truman had picked Neild in the 1930s to design the renovation of the Independence and construction of the Kansas City Jackson County Courthouses after Neild's work on the courthouse in his native Caddo Parish favorably impressed Truman.[2][3] Neild was among the architects of the Truman White House reconstruction.

Neild died July 6, 1955, at the Kansas City Club while working on the design.[4] The work was completed by Alonzo H. Gentry of Gentry and Voskamp, the firm that designed Kansas City's Municipal Auditorium.[5][6]

Truman had initially wanted the building to resemble his grandfather Solomon Young's house in Grandview, Missouri.[7]

In response to a New York Times review that recalled Frank Lloyd Wright influences in the library's horizontal design, Truman was reported to have said, "It's got too much of that fellow in it to suit me."[7]

Architects Gould Evans designed a $23 million renovation of the entire facility unveiled in 2001.[8] The changes included the extensive use of glass in the relatively windowless structure and significantly altering the space between Truman's grave and the museum.[9]

Truman's activities on the premises

Truman actively participated in the day-to-day operation of the Library, personally training museum docents and conducting impromptu "press conferences" for visiting school students. He frequently arrived before the staff and would often answer the phone to give directions and answer questions, telling surprised callers that he was the "man himself."

His visitors included incumbent Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon, former President Hoover, Jack Benny, Ginger Rogers, Robert F. Kennedy, Thomas Hart Benton, and Dean Acheson.

Truman's office
Truman's office on the premises

When Truman left the White House in 1953, he established an office in Room 1107 of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City at 925 Grand Avenue. When the library opened in 1957, he transferred his office to the facility and often worked there five or six days a week.[10] In the office, he wrote articles, letters, and his book Mr. Citizen.

In 2007, the Truman Library Institute announced a $1.6 million preservation and restoration of his working office to preserve the artifacts it contains and allow for easier public viewing.[11] The three-stage project completed in 2009 and features an enclosed limestone pavilion for better access and viewing and an updated climate control system. The office appears today just as it did when Harry Truman died on December 26, 1972.[12]

Long a favorite of museum visitors, the office was viewed through a window from the library's courtyard. The pavilion will also allow for an interpretive exhibit describing the office.[11]

Truman's funeral services

Funeral services for Truman were held in the Library auditorium and burial was in the courtyard. His wife, Bess Truman, was buried at his side in 1982. Their daughter, Margaret Truman Daniel, was a longtime member of the Truman Library Institute's board of directors. After her death in January 2008, Margaret's cremated remains and those of her late husband, Clifton Daniel (who died in 2000), were also interred in the Library's courtyard. The president's grandson, Clifton Truman Daniel, is currently honorary co-chair of the institute's board of directors.

Exhibits and program
Truman's Oval Office

Two floors of exhibits show his life and presidency through photographs, documents, artifacts, memorabilia, film clips and a film about Truman's life.

The library's replica of the Oval Office is a feature that has been copied by the Johnson, Ford, Carter, Reagan, George H. W. Bush, Clinton, and George W. Bush libraries.

In an educational program called The White House Decision Center, school students take on the roles of President Truman and his advisors facing real-life historical decisions in a recreation of the West Wing of the White House.

Art

The mural Independence and the Opening of the West by Thomas Hart Benton adorns the walls of the lobby entrance. The mural, completed in 1961, was painted on site by Benton over a three-year span.

Visitors
Kofi Annan speaking at the Library

Visitors after 1972 include incumbent Presidents Ford, Carter, and Clinton and Presidential Nominees John Kerry and John McCain.

See also

References
  1. Dedication. Warren, Hoover, Hail New Truman Library, 1957/07/08 (1957). Universal Newsreel. 1957. Retrieved 2012-02-22.
  2. "Jackson County Courthouse". University of Missouri Extension. May 1981. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  3. "Historic Courthouse". Parish of Caddo. Retrieved 2016-02-02.
  4. "Edward F. Nield, Sr". The New York Times. NYTimes.com. 7 July 1955. Retrieved 2016-02-02.
  5. "Alonzo H. Gentry, Architect, Is Dead". Kansas City Times. February 7, 1967.
  6. Mertens, Randy (January 2012). "A Concrete Pedigree: A bit of Boss Tom's history lives in the Ag Building". CAFNR News. University of Missouri College of Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources. Retrieved 2016-02-02.
  7. Burnes, Brian (November 2003). Harry S Truman: His Life and Times. Kansas City Star Books. ISBN 0-9740009-3-0. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  8. "GouldEvans". GouldEvans. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  9. "Renovation Information". Harry S. Truman Library and Museum. Retrieved 2014-08-18.
  10. "Truman Places: Federal Reserve Building". Trumanlibrary.org. Retrieved 2008-01-05.
  11. "Truman Library Receives $125,000 Save America's Treasures Grant to Preserve Truman's Working Office" (Press release). Truman Library and Museum. January 24, 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  12. "Preservation of Harry Truman's Office at the Truman Library". Truman Library and Museum. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
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