Idel-Ural State

The Idel-Ural State also known as "Volga-Ural State", "Idel-Ural Republic"[3] was a short-lived Tatar republic located in Kazan that claimed to unite Tatars, Bashkirs, Volga Germans, and the Chuvash in the turmoil of the Russian Civil War. Often viewed as an attempt to recreate the Khanate of Kazan, the republic was proclaimed on 1 March 1918, by a Congress of Muslims from Russia's interior and Siberia.[4] "Idel-Ural" means "Volga-Ural" in the Tatar language.

Proclamation of Idel-Ural Republic
Officers' House in Ufa, where the sessions of the National Parliament (Milli Majlis) took place.
Idel-Ural State

Идел-Урал
1918–1918
Flag
StatusSemi-Independent state
CapitalKazan
Common languagesTatar, Russian, German
GovernmentRepublic[1]
President 
• 1918
Sadrí Maqsudí Arsal[2]
Historical eraRussian Civil War
• Proclamation
1 March 1918
• Government in-exile
1918
• Defeat by Red Army
28 March 1918
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Russian Republic
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Part of a series on the
History of Tatarstan

The Republic, which in reality included only some sections of Kazan, was defeated by the Red Army on 28 March 1918.[5][6][7]

The president of Idel-Ural, Sadrí Maqsudí Arsal, escaped to Finland in 1918. He was well received by the Finnish foreign minister Carl Enckell, who remembered his valiant defence of the national self-determination and constitutional rights of Finland in the Russian Duma. The president-in-exile also met officials from Estonia before continuing in 1919 to Sweden, Germany and France, in a quest for Western support. Idel-Ural was listed among the "Captive Nations" in the Cold War-era public law (1959) of the United States.[8]

See also

Notes
  1. https://www.idelreal.org/a/tatarskomu-parlamentu-100-let/28886696.html
  2. https://www.idelreal.org/a/29306275.html
  3. "Почему не удалось построить Идель-Уральскую республику". RFE/RL (in Russian). Retrieved 2020-12-25.
  4. "Почему не удалось построить Идель-Уральскую республику". RFE/RL (in Russian). Retrieved 2020-12-25.
  5. "Забулачная республика – взгляд через 85 лет". Казанские истории (in Russian). Retrieved 2020-12-25.
  6. Commissar and Mullah: Soviet-Muslim Policy from 1917 to 1924, Glenn L. Roberts, Universal-Publishers, 2007, p.178
  7. The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations, Olivier Roy, I.B.Tauris, 2000, p.44
  8. Campbell, John Coert (1965). American Policy Toward Communist Eastern Europe: the Choices Ahead. University of Minnesota Press. p. 116. ISBN 0-8166-0345-6.

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