Isoprene synthase
In enzymology, an isoprene synthase (EC 4.2.3.27) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- dimethylallyl pyrophosphate isoprene + diphosphate
| Isoprene synthase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC number | 4.2.3.27 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and two products, isoprene and pyrophosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is dimethylallyl-pyrophosphate pyrophosphate-lyase (isoprene-forming). Other names in common use include ISPC, and ISPS.
References
- Silver GM, Fall R (1991). "Enzymatic Synthesis of Isoprene from Dimethylallyl Diphosphate in Aspen Leaf Extracts". Plant Physiol. 97 (4): 1588–1591. doi:10.1104/pp.97.4.1588. PMC 1081206. PMID 16668590.
- Silver GM, Fall R (1995). "Characterization of aspen isoprene synthase, an enzyme responsible for leaf isoprene emission to the atmosphere". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (22): 13010–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13010. PMID 7768893.
- Wildermuth MC, Fall R (1996). "Light-Dependent Isoprene Emission (Characterization of a Thylakoid-Bound Isoprene Synthase in Salix discolor Chloroplasts)". Plant Physiol. 112 (1): 171–182. doi:10.1104/pp.112.1.171. PMC 157936. PMID 12226383.
- Schnitzler JP, Arenz R, Steinbrecher R, Lehming A (1996). "Characterization of an isoprene synthase from leaves of Quercus petraea". Bot. Acta. 109: 216–221. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1996.tb00566.x.
- Miller B, Oschinski C, Zimmer W (2001). "First isolation of an isoprene synthase gene from poplar and successful expression of the gene in Escherichia coli". Planta. 213 (3): 483–7. doi:10.1007/s004250100557. PMID 11506373.
- Sivy TL, Shirk MC, Fall R (2002). "Isoprene synthase activity parallels fluctuations of isoprene release during growth of Bacillus subtilis". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 294 (1): 71–5. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00435-7. PMID 12054742.
- Sasaki K, Ohara K, Yazaki K (2005). "Gene expression and characterization of isoprene synthase from Populus alba". FEBS Lett. 579 (11): 2514–8. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.03.066. PMID 15848197.
- Schnitzler JP, Zimmer I, Bachl A, Arend M, Fromm J, Fischbach RJ (2005). "Biochemical properties of isoprene synthase in poplar (Populus x canescens)". Planta. 222 (5): 777–86. doi:10.1007/s00425-005-0022-1. PMID 16052321.
- Vickers CE, Possell M, Cojocariu C, Velikova V, Laothawornkitkul J, Ryan A, Mullineaux PM, Hewitt CN (2009). "Isoprene synthesis protects transgenic tobacco plants from oxidative stress". Plant, Cell & Environment. 32 (5): 520–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01946.x. PMID 19183288.
- Vickers CE, Possell M, Hewitt CN, Mullineaux P (2010). "Genetic structure and regulation of isoprene synthase in Poplar (Populus spp.)". Plant Molecular Biology. 73 (4–5): 547–58. doi:10.1007/s11103-010-9642-3. PMID 20467886.
- Vickers CE, Possell M, Laothawornkitkul J, Ryan AC, Hewitt CN, Mullineaux P (2011). "Isoprene synthesis in plants – lessons from a transgenic tobacco model". Plant, Cell & Environment. 34 (6): 1043–53. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02303.x. PMID 21388420.
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