John Scott Medal

John Scott Award, created in 1816 as the John Scott Legacy Medal and Premium, is presented to men and women whose inventions improved the "comfort, welfare, and happiness of human kind" in a significant way.[1] Since 1919 the Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia[2] provide this award, recommended by an advisory committee.[3][4]

John Scott Award
CountryUSA
Presented byThe Franklin Institute and the City Council of Philadelphia
First awarded1816

In 1822 the first awards were given to thirteen people by the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture[5] entrusted by the "Corporation of the city of Philadelphia".[6]

The druggist John Scott of Edinburgh organized a $4,000 fund which, after his death in 1815 was administered by a merchant until the first award, a copper medal and "an amount not to exceed twenty dollars", was given in 1822. (At the time, $20 could buy one ox or a 12-volume encyclopedia.) Several hundred recipients have since been selected by the City Council of Philadelphia, which decides from the annual list of nominees made by the Franklin Institute.

Most awards have been given for inventions in science and medicine. Famous recipients include Thomas Edison, Nikola Tesla, Marie Curie, the Wright brothers, Guglielmo Marconi, Irving Langmuir, Alexander Fleming, William T. Bovie, Frederick G. Banting, Edgar Sharp McFadden, John Bardeen, Edwin Land, Luis W. Alvarez, Glenn Seaborg, Jonas Salk, Robert Burns Woodward, Humberto Fernandez Moran, James Black, Benoît Mandelbrot, Ralph L. Brinster, Richard E. Smalley, and Kary B. Mullis.

Recent winners
Year Winner Area of Innovation
2019 Emily A. Carterreverse combustion
Charles L. Kanetopological insulators
Eugene Meletopological insulators
2018 James Edward Maceo Westfoil electret microphone
Bjarne Stroustrupc++ computer programming language
2017 Ruzena Bajcsyrobotics and engineering science
Warren Ewenspopulation genetics research
Masatoshi Neievolutionary theory
2016 Emmanuelle CharpentierCRISPR-Cas genome editing
Jennifer Doudna
Feng Zhang
Carl H. Junecancer immunology
2015 Madeleine M. Joulliésynthetic chemistry
John P. Perdewdensity functional theory
2014 Susan Band Horwitzcancer therapeutics
Leonard Hayflickdiscovery of cellular senescence
and innovations in microscopy
Paul S. Moorhead
2013[7] P. Leslie Duttonredox reactions in biochemistry
N. Scott Adzickfetal surgery
Robert L. Brentenvironmental causes of birth defects
2012 Paul J. Steinhardtquasicrystals
John Q. Trojanowskineurodegenerative diseases
Virginia Man-Yee Lee
2011 David E. KuhlPET scans
Jenny Pickworth Gluskercrystallography
2010 Christian J. Lambertsenunderwater diving equipment
William A. Eatonprotein aggregation and folding

See also

References
  1. "Sundry Trusts". Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia. Archived from the original on March 21, 2012. Retrieved March 20, 2011. "...the John Scott Medal Fund, established in 1816...".
  2. "Board of Directors of City Trusts". Retrieved March 27, 2011.
  3. Garfield, E. "The John Scott Award". John Scott Award Advisory Committee. Retrieved March 21, 2011. Eugene Garfield is member of the Advisory Committee.
  4. "John Scott Medal Fund". Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 55 (1422): 344. March 31, 1922. doi:10.1126/science.55.1422.344-a. Retrieved March 27, 2011.
  5. "Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture". Retrieved March 23, 2011.
  6. Benjamin Silliman (1830). "Miscellanies - Premiums for useful inventions". American Journal of Science and Arts. Hezekiah Howe. 18 (July): 382. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
  7. Vitez, Michael (21 November 2013). "3 Phila. medical men to be honored". Philadelphia Inquirer.
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