Philadelphia City Council

The Philadelphia City Council, the legislative body of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, consists of ten members elected by district and seven members elected at-large. The council president is elected by the members from among their number. Each member's term is four years, and there are no limits on the number of terms a member may serve.

Philadelphia City Council
Type
Type
Leadership
President
Darrell L. Clarke, Democratic
since January 2, 2012
Majority Leader
Cherelle Parker, Democratic
since January 6, 2020
Minority Leader
Structure
Seats17
Political groups
Majority
  •   Democratic (14)

Minority

Elections
Last election
November 5, 2019
Meeting place
Philadelphia City Hall
Website
City Council Website
City Hall from postcard, c. 1900

History

While William Penn's original 1691 charter for the city of Philadelphia included a "common council," no records exist of this body ever having been convened. Its successor, the Proprietor's Charter of 1701, constituted the city as a municipal corporation with a non-elected council made up of major city officials who selected their own successors. The colonial city government was abolished during the American Revolution and replaced in 1789 with an elected council including fifteen aldermen and thirty common councillors; these then elected a mayor and recorder who also were members of the council. In 1796, a bicameral city council was created including a 20-member Common Council and 12-member Select Council; the sizes of both bodies increased with the population of the city, peaking at 149 members of Common Council and 41 in Select Council, the largest municipal legislature in the US. It was replaced with a single 21-member chamber in 1919, which remained in effect until the adoption of a Home Rule charter in 1951.[1][2]

Composition and term

The 1951 Home Rule Charter established the council as the legislative arm of Philadelphia municipal government, consisting of seventeen members. Ten council members are elected by district and seven from the city at large. At-large council members are elected using limited voting with limited nomination in which voters may only select five candidates on the ballot, and which guarantees that two minority-party or independent candidates are elected.[3] Each is elected for a term of four years with no limit on the number of terms that may be served.[4]

The members of City Council elect from among themselves a president, who serves as the regular chairperson of council meetings. In consultation with the majority of council members, the President appoints members to the various standing committees of the council. The president is also responsible for selecting and overseeing most Council employees.[5]

Legislative process

Every proposed ordinance is in the form of a bill introduced by a Council member. Before a bill can be enacted, it must be referred by the president of the council to an appropriate standing committee, considered at a public hearing and public meeting, reported out by the committee, printed as reported by the committee, distributed to the members of the council, and made available to the public. Passage of a bill requires the favorable vote of a majority of all members. A bill becomes law upon the approval of the mayor. If the mayor vetoes a bill, the council may override the veto by a two-thirds vote.[4]

Under the rules of the council, regular public sessions are held weekly, usually on Thursday morning at 10:00am, in Room 400, City Hall. Council normally breaks for the summer months of July and August.

Gerrymandering

In a 2006 computer study of local and state legislative districts, two of the city's ten council districts, the 5th and the 7th, were found to be among the least compact districts in the nation, giving rise to suspicions of gerrymandering.[6] The Committee of Seventy, a non-partisan watchdog group for local elections, asked candidates for council in 2007 to support a list of ethics statements, including a call for fair redistricting, which should take place after the 2010 United States Census.[7] In 2011, the council approved a redistricting map with more compact boundaries, eliminating the "gerrymandered borders" of the 5th and 7th districts; it is to take effect in 2016, after the 2015 elections.[8]

City council members

The City Council as of January 6, 2020 is as follows:

District Name Took Office Party
1Mark Squilla2012Dem
2Kenyatta Johnson2012Dem
3Jamie Gauthier2020Dem
4Curtis J. Jones, Jr.2008Dem
5Darrell L. Clarke, Council President1999Dem
6Bobby Henon2012Dem
7Maria Quiñones-Sanchez2008Dem
8Cindy Bass2012Dem
9Cherelle Parker, Majority Leader2016Dem
10Brian J. O'Neill, Minority Leader1980Rep
At-LargeDavid Oh2012Rep
At-LargeAllan Domb2016Dem
At-LargeDerek S. Green2016Dem
At-LargeHelen Gym2016Dem
At-LargeKendra Brooks2020WFP
At-LargeKatherine Gilmore Richardson2020Dem
At-LargeIsaiah Thomas2020Dem

Presidents of the City Council

PresidentTermPolitical party
James A. FinneganJanuary 1, 1951 – January 14, 1955Democratic
James Hugh Joseph TateJanuary 20, 1955 – January 6, 1964Democratic
Paul D’OrtonaJanuary 6, 1964 – January 3, 1972Democratic[9]
George X. SchwartzJanuary 3, 1972 – May 29, 1980Democratic
Joseph E. ColemanOctober 30, 1980 – January 6, 1992Democratic
John F. StreetJanuary 6, 1992 – December 31, 1998Democratic
Anna C. VernaJanuary 14, 1999 – December 15, 2011Democratic
Dennis M. O’BrienJanuary 2, 2012 – January 6, 2016Republican
Darrell L. ClarkeJanuary 6, 2016 – PresentDemocratic

See also

References

  1. Fairley, John Archibald (1904). American Municipal Councils.
  2. "City Council". Philadelphia Department of Records.
  3. Marin, Max (August 1, 2019). "Independents are on the rise in Philly. Could they actually win a City Council seat?". Billy Penn. WHYY. Retrieved August 2, 2019.
  4. "About PHL Council". Philadelphia City Council. Retrieved August 2, 2019.
  5. "Rules of the Council of the City of Philadelphia" (PDF). Philadelphia City Council. Retrieved September 29, 2009.
  6. "The Gerrymandering Index: Using geospatial analysis to measure relative compactness of electoral districts" (PDF). Azavea. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 7, 2011. Retrieved September 29, 2009.
  7. "City Council Ethics Agenda". Committee of Seventy. Archived from the original on January 8, 2009. Retrieved September 29, 2009.
  8. Graham, Troy (September 23, 2011). "Philadelphia Council approves redistricting map". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
  9. "Paul D'Ortona, 88, Philadelphia Official". New York Times. October 20, 1992. Retrieved April 21, 2012.

Further reading

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