Kyzyl-Kala

Kyzyl-Kala, also Qyzyl Qala ("Red fortress"), in modern Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, was an ancient fortress in Chorasmia built in the 1st-4th century CE.[1][2] The small fortress of Kyzyl-Kala is located near Toprak-Kala, about 1 km to the west, and was also built in the 1st-4th century CE, possibly as a fortified defense for the site of Toprak-Kala. Kyzyl-Kala was once restored in the 12th century CE. It has also been the subject of a modern renovation program, with the objective of showing what a fortress looked like originally. It is part of the "Fifty fortresses oasis" in modern-day Uzbekistan.[3] It was last occupied by Muhammad II of Khwarazm (1169, 1200-20), before it fell to the Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire.

  • Kyzyl-Kala under restoration (2018)
  • Old and new walls
  • Kyzyk-Kala, details of new walls
  • Location of the Kyzyl-Kala fortress, next to Toprak-Kala in the Chorasmian oasis, in relation to other main fortresses
  • Cotton picking near Kyzyl-Kala.
Kyzyl-Kala
Kyzyl-Kala

Kyzyl-Kala fortress, 1st-4th century CE (original ruins, and simulated reconstruction).
Shown within West and Central Asia
Kyzyl-Kala (Uzbekistan)
Alternative nameKyzyl-Kala
LocationKarakalpakstan, Uzbekistan
Coordinates41°55′48.1″N 60°47′02.8″E
TypeSettlement
History
PeriodsParthian, Sasanian
Site notes
ConditionRuined

References
  1. Ducke, Isa; Thoma, Natascha. Usbekistan (in German). Dumont Reiseverlag. p. 385. ISBN 978-3-7701-7739-4.
  2. Adrianov, Boris V.; Mantellini, Simone. Ancient Irrigation Systems of the Aral Sea Area: Ancient Irrigation Systems of the Aral Sea Area. Oxbow Books, Limited. p. 162. ISBN 978-1-78297-167-2.
  3. Adrianov, Boris V.; Mantellini, Simone. Ancient Irrigation Systems of the Aral Sea Area: Ancient Irrigation Systems of the Aral Sea Area. Oxbow Books, Limited. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-78297-167-2.
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