Laurasiformes

Laurasiformes (meaning "Laurasian forms") is an extinct clade of sauropod dinosaurs from the late Early Cretaceous of Europe, North and South America. It was defined in 2009 by the Spanish paleontologist Rafael Royo-Torres[2] as a clade containing sauropods more closely related to Tastavinsaurus than to Saltasaurus. Genera purported to form part of this clade include Aragosaurus, Galvesaurus, Phuwiangosaurus, Venenosaurus, Cedarosaurus, Tehuelchesaurus, Sonorasaurus and Tastavinsaurus.[3]

Laurasiformes
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous, 130–99.6 Ma
Life restoration of Tastavinsaurus sanzi
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Saurischia
Suborder: †Sauropodomorpha
Clade: †Sauropoda
Clade: †Eusauropoda
Clade: †Neosauropoda
Clade: †Macronaria
Clade: †Camarasauromorpha
Branch: †Laurasiformes
Royo-Torres, 2009
Subgroups[1]

† Tastavinsaurus
† Venenosaurus
† Cedarosaurus

Its exact position and validity is uncertain and varies between authors. A cladistics analysis found a similar grouping outside Titanosauriformes and basal within the Camarasauromorpha,[4] while others have placed them inside Somphospondyli or Brachiosauridae,[1] consequently, it has been suggested that Tehuelchesaurus along with others of the previously mentioned genera, form two different clades outside titanosauriformes (Carbadillo et al., 2011)[5] while a more recent cladistics analysis found no support for the existence of the clade, with a revision of its supporting features finding them problematic due to being poorly defined, not present on most of the "laurasiforms" or being features present in many sauropods of other clades.[3]

References
  1. Royo-Torres, Rafael; Alcalá, Luis; Cobos, Alberto (2012). "A new specimen of the Cretaceous sauropod Tastavinsaurus sanzi from El Castellar (Teruel, Spain), and a phylogenetic analysis of the Laurasiformes". Cretaceous Research. 34: 61–83. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2011.10.005.
  2. Royo-Torres, R. (2009). "Los dinosaurios saurópodos en la Península Ibérica. Actas de las IV Jornadas Internacionales sobre Paleontología de Dinosaurios y su Entorno". Salas de los Infantes, Burgos: 139–166.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  3. D'Emic, M. D. (2012). "The early evolution of titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs" (PDF). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 166 (3): 624–671. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00853.x.
  4. Barco, J. L. (2010). "Implicaciones filogenéticas y paleobiogeográficas del saurópodo Galvesaurus herreroi Barco, Canudo. Cuenca-Bescós y Ruiz-Omeñaca 2005". V Jornadas Internacionales Sobre Paleontología de Dinosaurios y Su Entorno: 3–6.
  5. José L. Carballido, Oliver W. M. Rauhut, Diego Pol and Leonardo Salgado (2011). "Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Tehuelchesaurus benitezii (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Upper Jurassic of Patagonia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 163 (2): 605–662. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00723.x.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)


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