Lennon Wall

Located in a small and secluded square across from the French Embassy, the wall had been decorated by love poems and short messages against the regime since 1960s. It received its first decoration connected to John Lennon, a symbol of freedom, western culture, and political struggle, following the 1980 assassination of John Lennon when an unknown artist painted a single image of the singer-songwriter and some lyrics.[1]

In 1988, the wall was a source of irritation for Gustáv Husák's communist regime. Following a short-lived era of democratization and political liberalization known as the Prague Spring, the newly-installed communist government dismantled the reforms, inspiring anger and resistance. Young Czechs wrote their grievances on the wall and, according to a report of the time, this led to a clash between hundreds of students and security police on the nearby Charles Bridge. The liberalization movement these students followed was described as "Lennonism" (not to be confused with "Leninism"), and Czech authorities described participants variously as alcoholic, mentally deranged, sociopathic, and agents of Western free market capitalism.

The wall continuously undergoes change, and the original portrait of Lennon is long lost under layers of new paint. Even when the wall was repainted by authorities, by the next day it was again full of poems and flowers. Today, the wall represents a symbol of global ideals such as love and peace.

The wall is owned by the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, which allowed the graffiti, and is located at Velkopřevorské náměstí (Grand Priory Square), Malá Strana.[2]

On 17 November 2014, the 25th anniversary of the Velvet Revolution, the wall was painted over in pure white by a group of art students, leaving only the text "wall is over" [sic]. The Knights of Malta initially filed a criminal complaint for vandalism against the students, which they later retracted after contacting them.[3] The wall mural is still there as of 23 July 2017. And the "Wall is Over" bit has been changed to "War Is Over", a song.

On 22 April 2019, Earth Day, the action group Extinction Rebellion repainted the entire wall with slogans demanding action from the Czech government on climate change. "KLIMATICKÁ NOUZE" was painted in large block print letters, which reads "climate emergency" in the Czech language. Members of the public were encouraged to add their own messages during the process, resulting in calls for action painted in several languages. A giant image of a skull was also painted. The repaint was carried out in a manner which allowed some of the existing artwork to be included on the new wall.[4]

In July 2019, artists painted a memorial on the wall for Hong Kong democracy activist Marco Leung Ling-kit, who became known as a martyr and a symbol of hope for the 2019 anti-extradition bill protest movement.[5] The image on the wall depicts the yellow raincoat he was wearing during the banner drop that eventually led to a fall from the building, along with some words of solidarity: "Hong Kong, Add oil."[6][7]

On 4 August 2019 it was reported that the wall will be put under CCTV surveillance to block "unlawful graffiti" and combat the swaths of tourists that pass by it every day.[8]

In October 2019, the Sovereign Military Order of Malta together with Prague 1 started the reconstruction of the Lennon Wall which lasted until November. They reacted thus to the recent situation of vandalism on the Wall and its surroundings connected to the overtourism which became unbearable this summer. The place should regain its respectable form which was going to be introduced on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Velvet Revolution in November as an open-air gallery with new rules.[9] On 7 November 2019, the new face of the Lennon Wall as an open-air gallery was created and introduced to the public. Over 30 Czech and foreign professional artists gathered by the Czech designer Pavel Šťastný painted on the Wall. New rules of the Wall makes spraying no longer allowed, people can leave their messages connected to freedom and love only in the white free zones andy in more sensitive materials than sprays, e.g. pencil, marker or chalk. Cameras and police will monitor the wall to ensure the artistic portion is not defaced.[10]

The Lennon Wall, May 2015

The Lennon Wall, November 2018

Hong Kong Umbrella Movement protests: The Lennon Wall at Central Government Offices, 21 October 2014.

The Lennon Wall returns amidst the anti-extradition bill protests, June 2019.

During the 2014 democracy protests in Hong Kong, a similar Lennon Wall appeared along the staircase outside of the Hong Kong Central Government Offices. Inspired by the original in Prague, many thousands of people posted colourful post-it notes expressing democratic wishes for Hong Kong.[11] The wall was one of the major arts of the Umbrella Movement.[12] Throughout the several months of occupations and protest, many efforts were made by different groups to ensure physical and digital preservation of the Hong Kong Lennon Wall.[13][14][15]

Five years later, during the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, the same wall was again created, with new post-it notes. Within days, dozens of post-it-note Lennon Walls had "blossomed everywhere" (遍地開花)[16] throughout Hong Kong, including on Hong Kong Island itself, Kowloon, the New Territories, and on the many outlying islands.[17][18][19] There are even some Lennon Walls located inside government offices, including RTHK[20] and the Policy Innovation and Co-ordination Office.[21] According to a crowd-sourced map of Hong Kong, there are over 150 Lennon Walls throughout the region.[22]

On 21 September 2019, police in Hong Kong began tearing down Lennon Walls across the city to remove anti-government statements.[23]

Lennon Walls have also appeared outside of Hong Kong in the cities of: Toronto, Vancouver BC, Calgary, Seoul, Tokyo, Berlin, London, Sydney, Manchester, Melbourne, Taipei, and Auckland.[24][25][26][27][28][29]

• John Lennon Park — Havana, Cuba
• Strawberry Fields — Memorial in Central Park NYC
• Tsoi Wall — a similar wall near Arbat Street in Moscow
• Lennon Walls of Hong Kong
  • Art of the Umbrella Movement
  • 2019–20 Hong Kong protests
• Extinction Rebellion
• List of famous walls

Wikimedia Commons has media related to John Lennon Wall, Prague.

• Digital Lennon Wall
• Google Maps location of John Lennon Wall
• Article about the Lennon Wall in the Erasmuspc World CityPoem collection
• Book of Lennon Wall