List of Celtic F.C. managers

For the first few years following its formation, the administrative and team selection duties at Celtic were performed by a committee. Willie Maley had played for the team since their inaugural match in May 1888, and on his retirement at the age of 29 was appointed secretary-manager in April 1897, effectively becoming the team's first ever manager.[5][6] His role was quite different to the modern style of manager or head coach; he never worked with his players in training and only watched games from the director's box. He did not perform team talks or speak with the players at half time or immediately post-match.[7] Having been a club that initially relied on buying in experienced players, Maley instead concentrated on developing young talent.[8] This proved a success as Celtic won six consecutive league titles in the first decade of the 20th century.[9] In 1907 the team also became the first Scottish side win a league and cup double.[10] The next decade saw Maley lead Celtic to a further four successive league titles between 1914 and 1917,[1] during which time they went on an unbeaten run for 62 games from 13 November 1915 until 21 April 1917.[11][12] This remained a British record for an unbeaten run in professional football until it was surpassed by Brendan Rodgers' Celtic over 100 years later.[11] Towards the end of his reign, Maley led Celtic to further League titles in 1936 and 1938 and the Scottish Cup in 1937.[9] He remained in his post for almost 43 years, the longest serving manager in the club's history, and guided the team to 30 major trophies.[5][8][9]

Jimmy McStay, who made over 400 appearances for Celtic as a player and captained the side, was appointed manager in 1940. However, his tenure would be during the war years, a period when Scottish football suffered huge disruption. He also had to contend with increased boardroom interference, which he never managed to quell. The result was stagnation with little tangible success.[5] In the summer of 1945, McStay reluctantly resigned at the behest of the board[13] and was succeeded by another celebrated former player, Jimmy McGrory.[5] The early years of his reign were very poor, and in 1948 the club only narrowly avoided relegation.[14] Matters improved in the early 1950s with the Coronation Cup win in 1953 and a league and cup double in 1954.[5] He also led Celtic to their famous 7–1 Scottish League Cup Final win over Rangers in 1957, still a record score-line in a major British cup final.[15] His time as manager, however, is considered largely a period of underachievement, and with chairman Robert Kelly's domineering influence in the running of the club, many questioned how much say McGrory had in team selection.[5][14][16]

Jock Stein was the first British football manager to win the European Cup, leading Celtic to victory over Inter Milan in 1967.

Billy McNeill had two spells as manager of Celtic, having also captained the side to their European Cup win in 1967 as a player.

Jock Stein left Hibernian to become manager of Celtic in 1965, with McGrory taking on the role of the club's Public Relations Officer.[17] As a player, Stein had previously captained Celtic to their league and cup double success in 1954,[18] and then as manager led Dunfermline to a famous cup final win over Celtic in 1961.[19] On succeeding from McGrory, Stein took full control of all team matters.[20] He is considered a football visionary; transforming a side lacking direction and having gone almost eight years without a trophy into the best team in Europe, all whilst playing entertaining adventurous football.[5] In contrast to his predecessors, he was actively involved in his players training – a "tracksuit manager".[21][22] And whereas training had previously consisted of mainly running around the track, he introduced practising with the ball into training.[21] A Scottish Cup Final win was achieved within weeks of taking up the reins as manager,[23] followed in 1966 by the first of nine consecutive league championship wins.[24][25] In his second full season as manager, Stein led Celtic to success in all five competitions they took part in (a "quintuple"),[3] most memorably their 2–1 win in Lisbon over Inter Milan in the 1967 European Cup Final.[26] He led Celtic to a further European Cup final in 1970, knocking out Benfica and Leeds United en route, but lost to Feyenoord 2–1 after extra time in the final.[27] He was seriously injured in a car accident in July 1975 and spent the next year recuperating, with assistant manager Sean Fallon taking over managerial duties for the season.[28][29] On his return in season 1976–77, Stein led Celtic to a league and cup double; these would be the last honours he would win at Celtic.[28] After winning 25 major trophies,[5] Stein finally relinquished his role in 1978.[28]

In 1978 former player and captain of the European Cup winning team, Billy McNeill took over as manager, having spent the previous season managing Aberdeen.[30] He brought the league title back to Parkhead in his first season, clinching the championship in their final match of the season with a 4–2 win over Rangers.[31] A Cup Final win in 1980[32] was followed by back-to-back titles in 1981 and 1982.[33] A public row however with the board over a contract and funds for new players resulted in McNeill leaving the club in 1983.[33][34] At only 35 years old, David Hay succeeded McNeill.[5] A frustrating first season saw Celtic finish runners-up in each of the domestic competitions.[5] Success did eventually arrive though, winning the centenary Scottish Cup in 1985[35] and then a famous last day championship win at Love Street in 1986, defeating St Mirren 5–0 whilst title rivals Hearts lost at Dundee, securing the league on goal difference.[36] Hay was unable to cope with high spending Rangers the following year, and on failing to win any trophies was sacked by the club.[37][38] Billy McNeill dramatically returned to the club in the summer of 1987[38] and went on to lead the club to a league and cup double in its centenary season of 1987–88.[39] A further Cup Final win followed in 1989,[40] but the club went into a dramatic decline after that.[41][42] After two seasons without any honours, McNeill was sacked in 1991.[42]

Former Republic of Ireland international, Liam Brady, became the first Celtic manager who had never previously played for the club.[5] He failed to win any trophies in his first two seasons or reach any cup finals, and with no progress apparent into this third season he resigned in October 1993.[5] Frank Connor took interim charge for several matches,[43] before Lou Macari was appointed manager.[5] Despite defeating Rangers 2–1 at Ibrox in his first match, results otherwise failed to improve.[5] Fergus McCann took over as owner of Celtic in March 1994 and duly sacked Macari three months later.[5] Following Macari's sacking, Tommy Burns was appointed manager in the summer of 1994.[44] Celtic won their first trophy in six years at the end of the season, beating Airdrie 1–0 in the Scottish Cup final.[5] However, this was an era of domestic dominance by Rangers and despite an outstanding second season in 1995–96 where only one league match was lost, Burns could still finish only second in the league behind the Ibrox club.[5] Despite expensive players arriving at Parkhead,[45] Celtic remained unable to overhaul Rangers the following season in 1997.[5] After losing to Falkirk in the semi-final of the Scottish Cup, Burns was sacked and his assistant Billy Stark took charge for the few remaining games of the season.[46]

In the summer of 1997, former European Cup winner and Dutch international, Wim Jansen, became head coach.[1] Despite losing his first two games of the season,[47] Jansen quickly turned things round and won the club's first Scottish League Cup in 15 years when they beat Dundee United 3–0 in the final.[5] A tightly fought league campaign saw Celtic clinch the title on the final day of the season, stopping Rangers' bid for 10 league titles in a row.[5] However it had by then become known that Jansen was disgruntled with Celtic managing director, Jock Brown, and he quit in the immediate aftermath of Celtic's title win.[48] Veteran Slovak coach Jozef Vengloš arrived at Celtic for the following season. A poor start to the season put Vengloš under pressure, but the arrival of new signings and a 5–1 win over Rangers in the league gave rise to optimism. However the league deficit was too much to claw back and a Scottish Cup final defeat to Rangers sealed a largely disappointing season.[5] The summer of 1999 saw the arrival of Kenny Dalglish as director of football and John Barnes as head coach.[5] A bright start soon faded as Celtic began to drop vital points in the league.[5] A shock Cup defeat at home to Inverness Caledonian Thistle saw Barnes sacked and Dalglish taking over as caretaker manager for the rest of the season.[5] Celtic did win the League Cup,[5] but slumped in the league and finished 21 points behind winners Rangers.[49]

Martin O'Neill won the domestic treble in his first season as manager and led Celtic to the UEFA Cup Final in 2003, their first European final in over 30 years.

Martin O'Neill, a former European Cup winner as a player with Nottingham Forest, took charge of the club in June 2000.[50] Under his leadership, Celtic won three SPL championships out of five[51] and in his first season in charge, the club also won the domestic treble,[52] making O'Neill only the second Celtic manager to do so after Jock Stein.[53] In 2003, O'Neill led Celtic to their first European final since 1970, pitted against Porto in the UEFA Cup Final in Seville.[5] Celtic lost 3–2 after extra time, despite two goals from Henrik Larsson during normal time.[54] The conduct of the thousands of travelling Celtic supporters received widespread praise from the people of Seville and the fans were awarded Fair Play Awards from both FIFA and UEFA "for their extraordinarily loyal and sporting behaviour".[55][56] O'Neill left Celtic in May 2005 to care for his ill wife.[57]

Gordon Strachan was announced as O'Neill's replacement in June 2005 and after winning the SPL title in his first year in charge,[58] he went on to become only the third Celtic manager to win three titles in a row. He also guided Celtic to their first UEFA Champions League knockout stage in 2006–07[59] and repeated the feat in 2007–08[60] before departing the club in May 2009, after failing to win the SPL title.[61] Tony Mowbray took charge of the club in June 2009,[62] and he was succeeded a year later by Neil Lennon.[63] Celtic narrowly lost out to Rangers in the league in Lennon's first season in charge, but he did gain consolation by defeating Motherwell 3–0 in the 2011 Scottish Cup Final. Lennon went on to win three league titles in a row, then announced his departure from the club in May 2014 after four years in the role.[64]

Norwegian Ronny Deila was appointed manager of Celtic in June 2014.[65] He went on to lead Celtic to two consecutive league titles and a League Cup, but the team's performances in European competition were poor. Following being knocked out of the Scottish Cup by Rangers in April 2016, Deila announced he would leave the club at the end of the season.[66][67]

Brendan Rodgers managed Celtic to two consecutive domestic trebles.

In May 2016, Brendan Rodgers was announced as Deila's successor.[67][68] In his first season the club won their 100th major trophy, defeating Aberdeen in the League Cup Final in November 2016,[69] and clinched the league title in April 2017 with a record eight league games to spare.[70] Celtic finished their league campaign undefeated, the first time a Scottish top-flight side had done so since 1899.[71] In May 2017, Celtic defeated Aberdeen 2–1 in the Scottish Cup final, clinching the club's fourth domestic treble, as well as securing an unprecedented domestic season unbeaten.[72] Celtic continued their unbeaten domestic run into the following season, eventually extending it to 69 games, surpassing their own 100-year-old British record of 62 games set by Willie Maley, before finally losing to Hearts.[73][74] In November 2017, Celtic defeated Motherwell in the 2017 Scottish League Cup Final,[75] before a seventh consecutive league title was clinched in April 2018,[76] with Celtic then going on to defeat Motherwell in the 2018 Scottish Cup Final to clinch a second consecutive domestic treble (the "double treble"), the first club in Scotland to do so.[77] Into his third season, Rodgers led Celtic to another League Cup, defeating Aberdeen in the final, and by February 2019 the club were eight points clear in the league. However, on 26 February 2019 Rodgers left Celtic in a surprise move to take over as manager of Leicester City.[78][79] Neil Lennon returned to Celtic to work as caretaker manager until the end of the season. He went on to help Celtic complete their eighth successive league title, and then to a 2–1 win over Hearts in the 2019 Scottish Cup Final to clinch the treble for the third season in a row (the "treble treble").[80] The following week, Lennon was confirmed as full-time manager for the second time.[81]

Into the first full season of his second spell as manager, Neil Lennon led Celtic to a 1–0 win over Rangers in the 2019 Scottish League Cup Final, the club's tenth consecutive domestic trophy.[82] By March 2020, Celtic were 13 points clear in the league and well on the way to a ninth consecutive title: However, all professional football in Scotland was suspended later that month due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, resulting in demands from the news media in Scotland for the league season to be declared "null and void".[83][84] However, after several weeks of controversy, Celtic were confirmed as champions on 18 May 2020 following a league board meeting the previous week where it was agreed that completing the full league campaign was unfeasible.[85] The completion of the 2019-20 Scottish Cup was delayed due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, with the semi-finals and final not taking place until late autumn/ winter of 2020. Celtic and Hearts reached the final that took place on 20 December 2020. The match went to penalty-kicks after the sides tied at 3–3 after extra time, with Celtic going on to win the penalty shoot-out to clinch a fourth successive treble.[86]