List of Gauleiters

The following list of Gauleiters enumerates those who have held the Nazi party rank of Gauleiter, a type of regional party leader germane only within Adolf Hitler's system.

Of the 44 former Gauleiter of the NSDAP thirteen committed suicide when Nazi Germany surrendered, eight were executed by the allies after the war, one was executed by the SS and one died in Soviet captivity. By 1954, when Karl Wahl became the first former Gauleiter to publish his memoirs, eight were still missing, three in jail and the remaining ten were free men.[1]

List

This is a list of Gaue and Gauleiters, with their time in office in brackets:[2][3][4]

Imprisoned, later released and died a free man Died in captivity, except suicide or execution Committed suicide Executed or assassinated Killed in action Died of natural causes or through an accident Fate unknown or unclear
Gauleiter Gau(e) In office Fate
Herbert Albrecht Gau Mecklenburg 1930–1931 Died in June 1945
Ernst Wilhelm Bohle NSDAP/AO [lower-alpha 1] 1933–1945 Imprisoned until 1949, died in 1960 in West Germany
Fritz Bracht Gau Oberschlesien[lower-alpha 2] 1941–1945 Committed suicide in May 1945
Josef Bürckel Gau Rheinpfalz [lower-alpha 3] 1926–1935 Died in September 1944[5]
Gau Saarland [lower-alpha 4] 1933–1935
Gau Pfalz–Saar [lower-alpha 5] 1935–1944
Reichsgau Wien 1939–1940
Helmuth Brückner Gau Schlesien [lower-alpha 6] 1925–1934 Died in Soviet captivity in 1951 or 1954
Walther von Corswant Gau Pommern 1927–1931 Died in 1942
Léon Degrelle Reichsgau Wallonien 1944–1945[lower-alpha 7] Escaped to Spain in 1945 where he died in 1994
Artur Dinter Gau Thüringen 1925–1927 Died in 1948 in occupied Germany
August Eigruber Reichsgau Oberdonau 1938–1945 Executed in Bavaria in May 1947
Joachim Albrecht Eggeling Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1935–1937 Committed suicide in April 1945[6]
Gau Halle-Merseburg 1937–1945
Otto Erbersdobler Gau Niederbayern[lower-alpha 8] 1929–1932[7] Died in 1981 in West Germany
Walter Ernst Gau Halle-Merseburg 1925–1926 Killed in action in March 1945 near Danzig
Friedrich Karl Florian Gau Düsseldorf [lower-alpha 9] 1929–1945 Imprisoned until 1951, died in 1975 in West Germany[8]
Albert Forster Reichsgau Danzig-Westpreußen [lower-alpha 10] 1930–1945 Executed in Poland in 1952
Peter Gemeinder Gau Hessen-Darmstadt[lower-alpha 11] 1931 Died in 1931
Karl Gerland Gau Kurhessen[lower-alpha 12] 1943–1945 (acting to 1944) Killed in action in April 1945 in Frankfurt on the Oder
Paul Giesler Gau Westfalen-Süd 1941–1943 Committed suicide in May 1945[9]
Gau München-Oberbayern [lower-alpha 13] 1944–1945
Odilo Globocnik Reichsgau Wien 1938–1939 Committed suicide in British captivity in May 1945
Joseph Goebbels Gau Berlin-Brandenburg[lower-alpha 14] 1926–1928 Committed suicide in Berlin in May 1945[10]
Gau Berlin 1928–1945
Arthur Greiser Reichsgau Wartheland [lower-alpha 15] 1939–1945 Executed in Poland in 1946
Wilhelm Grimm Gau Mittelfranken[lower-alpha 16] 1928-1929 Died in a car accident in 1944
Josef Grohé Gau Köln-Aachen 1931–1945 Imprisoned until 1950, died in 1987 in West Germany
Heinrich Haake Gau Rheinland–Süd[lower-alpha 17] 1925 Died in British captivity in 1945
Ludolf Haase Gau Hannover-Süd[lower-alpha 18] 1925–1928 Died in 1972 in West Germany
Karl Hanke Gau Niederschlesien [lower-alpha 19] 1941–1945 Captured and killed by Czech partisans
Anton Haselmayer Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd[lower-alpha 20] 1925–1926 Died in 1962
Otto Hellmuth Gau Unterfranken [lower-alpha 21] 1928–1945 Imprisoned until 1955, committed suicide in 1968 in West Germany[11]
Konrad Henlein Reichsgau Sudetenland 1938–1945 Committed suicide in US captivity in May 1945
Friedrich Hildebrandt Gau Mecklenburg 1925–1930
1931–1945		 Executed in Bavaria in November 1948
Paul Hinkler Gau Halle-Merseburg 1926–1931 Committed suicide in April 1945
Franz Hofer Gau Tirol 1932–1934 Escaped captivity in 1948, died in 1975 in West Germany
Reichsgau Tirol-Vorarlberg 1938–1945
Albert Hoffmann Gau Westfalen-Süd 1943–1945 Died in West Germany in 1972
Paul Hofmann Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1932 Died in 1980 in West Berlin
Hans Albert Hohnfeldt Gau Danzig 1926–1928 Died in 1948
Emil Holtz Gau Brandenburg[lower-alpha 22] 1928–1930 Fate unknown
Karl Holz Gau Franken[lower-alpha 23] 1942–1945 (acting to 1944) Died 20 April 1945 under unclear circumstances in the defense of Nuremberg, either committed suicide or killed in action[12]
Rudolf Jordan Gau Halle-Merseburg 1931–1937 Imprisoned in the Soviet Union until 1955, died in West Germany in 1988[13]
Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1937–1945
Jakob Jung Gau Saar 8 December 1926–21 April 1929[14] Death date unknown[14]
Hugo Jury Reichsgau Niederdonau 21 January 1938–8 May 1945[15] Committed suicide 8 May 1945[15]
Wilhelm Karpenstein Gau Pommern 1 January 1931–21 July 1934[16] Died 2 May 1968 in West Germany[16]
Karl Kaufmann Gau Rheinland–Nord[lower-alpha 24] July 1925–26 September 1925[17] Imprisoned intermittently until 1953, died in 1969 in West Germany[18]
Grossgau Ruhr[17] [lower-alpha 25] 1926–1928[17]
Gau Hamburg 1929–1945
Josef Klant Gau Hamburg 1925–1926 Died 4 November 1926[19]
Walter Klaunig Gau Brandenburg/Potsdam[lower-alpha 26] 1925-1926 Fate unknown
Hubert Klausner Reichsgau Kärnten 1938–1940 Died in 1939
Erich Koch Gau Ostpreußen 1928–1945 Died in prison in Poland in 1986
Albert Krebs Gau Hamburg 1926–1928 Died in 1974 in West Germany
Wilhelm Kube Gau Ostmark[lower-alpha 27] 1928–1933 Assassinated by Soviet partisans in September 1943
Gau Kurmark[lower-alpha 28] 1933–1936
Franz Kutschera Reichsgau Kärnten 1939–1941 Executed by Polish resistance fighters in February 1944
Hartmann Lauterbacher Gau Südhannover-Braunschweig [lower-alpha 29] 1940–1945 Escaped captivity in 1948, died in 1988 in West Germany
Karl Lenz Gau Hessen-Darmstadt 1931–1932 Died in 1944
Robert Ley Gau Rheinland–Süd 1925–1931 Indicted at the Nuremberg trials, but committed suicide in his cell in October 1945 before the trials began
Karl Linder Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd 1926-1927 Died in 1979
Gau Hessen-Nassau 1932
Wilhelm Friedrich Loeper Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1927–1935 Died in 1935
Hinrich Lohse Gau Hamburg 1928–1929 Imprisoned until 1951, died in 1964 in West Germany[20]
Gau Schleswig-Holstein 1925–1945
Walter Maass Gau Danzig 1928–1929 (acting) Fate unknown
Franz Maierhofer Gau Oberpfalz[lower-alpha 30] 1929–1932 Killed in action in August 1943 near Kharkov
Alfred Meyer Gau Westfalen-Nord 1931–1945 Committed suicide in April 1945
Joachim Meyer-Quade Gau Schleswig-Holstein 1932 Killed in action in September 1939 near Piątek in Poland
Karl Leopold von Möller Timișoara 1932–1939 Died in 1943 from a stroke
Hermann Muhs Gau Südhannover-Braunschweig 1932 Died in 1962 in West Germany
Eugen Munder Gau Württemberg-Hohenzollern 1925–1928 Died in 1952 in West Germany
Wilhelm Murr Gau Württemberg-Hohenzollern 1928–1945 Committed suicide in French captivity in May 1945
Martin Mutschmann Gau Sachsen 1925–1945 Executed in the Soviet Union in February 1947
Hans Nieland NSDAP/AO 1930–1933 Imprisoned until 1948, died in 1976 in West Germany
Franz Pfeffer von Salomon Gau Westfalen [lower-alpha 31] 1925–1926 Died in 1968 in West Germany
Friedrich Rainer Reichsgau Salzburg 1938–1941 Executed in Yugoslavia in July 1947
Reichsgau Kärnten 1941–1945
Fritz Reinhardt Gau Niederbayern 1928–1930 Imprisoned until 1950, died in 1969 in West Germany
Friedrich Ringshausen Gau Hessen-Darmstadt 1927–1931 Died in 1941
Carl Röver Gau Weser-Ems 1928–1942 Died in 1942
Ludwig Ruckdeschel Gau Bayerische Ostmark[lower-alpha 32] 1945 Imprisoned until 1952, died in 1986 in West Germany[21]
Bernhard Rust Gau Hannover-Nord[lower-alpha 33] 1925–1928 Committed suicide in May 1945
Gau Südhannover-Braunschweig 1928–1940
Fritz Sauckel Gau Thüringen 1927–1945 Found guilty in the Nuremberg trials, executed in October 1946
Gustav Adolf Scheel Reichsgau Salzburg 1941–1945 Imprisoned intermittently until 1953, died in 1979 in West Germany
Hans Schemm Gau Oberfranken[lower-alpha 34] 1928–1933 Died of injuries sustained in an aircraft crash in March 1935[22]
Gau Bayerische Ostmark 1933–1935
Bruno Gustav Scherwitz Gau Ostpreußen 1925–1927 Died in 1985 in West Germany
Baldur von Schirach Reichsgau Wien 1940–1945 Found guilty in the Nuremberg trials, imprisoned for 20 years, died 1974 in West Germany
Ernst Schlange Gau Gross-Berlin[lower-alpha 35] 1925–1926 Died in Soviet captivity in 1947
Gau Brandenburg 1930–1933
Fritz Schlessmann Gau Essen 1940–1945 (acting) Imprisoned until 1950, died in 1964 in West Germany
Gustav Hermann Schmischke Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1925–1927 Fate unknown
Walter Schultz Gau Hessen-Nassau-Nord[lower-alpha 36] 1927–1928 Died in 1979 in West Germany
Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd 1926
Franz Schwede Gau Pommern 1934–1945 Imprisoned until 1956, died in 1960 in West Germany
Gustav Simon Gau Moselland [lower-alpha 37] 1931–1945 Captured by the British Army, found hanged in his cell in December 1945
Jakob Sprenger Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd 1927–1933 Committed suicide in May 1945
Gau Hessen-Nassau[lower-alpha 38] 1933–1945
Willi Stöhr Gau Westmark 1944–1945 Escaped to Canada,[23] date of death unknown
Gregor Strasser Gau Niederbayern–Oberpfalz [lower-alpha 39] 1925–1929 Executed during the Night of the Long Knives in 1934
Julius Streicher Gau Franken 1929–1940 Found guilty in the Nuremberg trials, executed in October 1946[24]
Emil Stürtz Gau Kurmark 1936–1945 Missing since April 1945, declared dead
Otto Telschow Gau Lüneburg-Stade[lower-alpha 40] 1925–1928 Captured by the British Army, committed suicide in May 1945
Gau Osthannover 1928–1945
Josef Terboven Gau Essen 1928–1945 Committed suicide in Norway in May 1945[25]
Siegfried Uiberreither Reichsgau Steiermark 1938–1945 Escaped from captivity in 1948, possibly died in 1984 in West Germany
Theodor Vahlen Gau Pommern 1925–1927 Died in 1945 in captivity in Czechoslovakia
Fritz Wächtler Gau Bayerische Ostmark 1935–1945 Executed by the SS in April 1945[26]
Adolf Wagner Gau München-Oberbayern 1929–1944 Died in April 1944
Josef Wagner Gau Westfalen[lower-alpha 41] 1928–1931 Killed in May 1945 either by the SS or Soviet troops
Gau Schlesien [lower-alpha 42] 1934–1941
Gau Westfalen-Süd 1931–1941
Robert Heinrich Wagner Gau Baden-Elsaß[lower-alpha 43] 1925–1945 Executed in October 1946 in France[27]
Karl Wahl Gau Schwaben 1928–1945 Imprisoned until 1948, died in 1981 in West Germany[28]
Paul Wegener Gau Weser-Ems 1942–1945 Imprisoned until 1951, died in 1993 in West Germany
Karl Weinrich Gau Kurhessen 1928–1943 Imprisoned until 1950, died in 1973 in West Germany
Jef van de Wiele Reichsgau Flandern 1944–1945[lower-alpha 44] Imprisoned for 17 years, died in 1979 in Belgium
Hans Zimmermann Gau Franken 1940–1942 (acting) Died in 1984 in West Germany[29]

Notes
  1. Foreign Organization branch of the Nazi Party
  2. Created when Gau Schlesien was split into two separate Gaue
  3. Gau Rheinpfalz merged with Gau Saarland to form Gau Pfalz-Saar in 1935
  4. Gau Saarland merged with Gau Rheinpfalz to form Gau Pfalz-Saar in 1935
  5. Gau Pfalz-Saar was founded in 1935 when Gau Saarland & Gau Rheinpfalz merged. It was renamed Gau Saarpfalz in 1936 and finally Gau Westmark in 1940 when it absorbed part of French Lorraine
  6. Gau Schlesien was divided into Gau Niederschlesien & Gau Oberschlesien in 1941
  7. In exile in Germany
  8. Gau Niederbayern became a part of Bayerische Ostmark 1933
  9. Gau Düsseldorf was founded in 1929 from the Bezirk Bergisches-Land
  10. Gau Danzig-Westpreußen was known as Gau Danzig before 1939
  11. Gau Hessen-Darmstadt was formed in 1927; it merged with Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd to form Gau Hessen-Nassau in 1933
  12. Kurhessen was known as Gau Hessen-Nassau-Nord before 1934
  13. Gau München-Oberbayern was founded in 1930 when the Bezirk Oberbayern & Gross-München merged
  14. Gau Berlin-Brandenburg was formed in 1926; it was divided into Gau Berlin and Gau Brandenburg in 1928
  15. Wartheland was also known as Warthegau
  16. Gau Mittelfranken became a part of Franken 1929
  17. Gau Rheinland-Süd was divided into Köln-Aachen & Koblenz-Trier in 1931
  18. Founded as Gau Göttingen in 1925, the renamed Gau Hannover-Süd became a part of Südhannover-Braunschweig in 1928
  19. Created when Gau Schlesien was split into two separate Gaue
  20. Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd merged with Gau Hessen-Darmstadt to form Gau Hessen-Nassau in 1933
  21. Unterfranken was known as Gau Mainfranken after 1935
  22. Gau Brandenburg was separated from Gau Berlin-Brandenburg in 1928 and merged with Gau Ostmark to form Gau Kurmark in 1933
  23. Gau Franken was founded in 1929 when Mittelfranken merged with the Bezirk Nürnberg-Fürth
  24. Gau Rheinland-Nord became a part of Ruhr in 1926
  25. Gau Ruhr was divided into Westfalen-Nord & Westfalen-Süd in 1931
  26. Gau Brandenburg, renamed Gau Potsdam in 1926, merged with Gross-Berlin later in 1926 to form Gau Berlin-Brandenburg
  27. Gau Ostmark separated from Gau Berlin-Brandenburg in 1928 and became part of Gau Kurmark in 1933
  28. Kurmark was founded in 1933 when Gau Ostmark merged with Gau Brandenburg; it was renamed Gau Mark Brandenburg in 1940
  29. Gau Südhannover-Braunschweig was founded in 1928 when Hannover-Nord & Hannover-Süd merged
  30. Gau Oberpfalz became a part of Bayerische Ostmark in 1933
  31. Gau Westfalen became a part of Ruhr in 1926
  32. Gau Bayerische Ostmark was founded in 1933 when Gau Oberfranken, Niederbayern and Oberpfalz merged. It was renamed Gau Bayreuth after its capital in 1943
  33. Gau Hannover-Nord became a part of Südhannover-Braunschweig 1928
  34. Gau Oberfranken became a part of Bayerische Ostmark in 1933
  35. Gau Gross-Berlin merged with Gau Potsdam to form Gau Berlin-Brandenburg in 1926
  36. Gau Hessen-Nassau-Nord renamed Gau Kurhessen 1934
  37. Moselland was named Gau Koblenz-Trier until 1942
  38. Gau Hessen-Nassau was founded 1933 when Hessen-Darmstadt merged with Hessen-Nassau-Süd
  39. Gau Niederbayern-Oberpfalz was divided into Niederbayern & Oberpfalz in 1929
  40. Gau Lüneburg-Stade renamed Gau Osthannover in 1928
  41. Gau Westfalen was divided into Gau Westfalen-Nord and Gau Westfalen-Süd in 1931
  42. Gau Schlesien was divided into Niederschlesien & Oberschlesien in 1941
  43. Included the French Alsace region from 1940 onwards and was renamed Gau Baden-Alsace
  44. In exile in Germany

References

Inline
  1. "Es ist das deutsche Herz" [It is the German heart]. spiegel.de (in German). Der Spiegel. 22 December 1954. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  2. "Übersicht der NSDAP-Gaue, der Gauleiter und der Stellvertretenden Gauleiter zwischen 1933 und 1945" [Overview of Nazi Gaue, the Gauleiter and assistant Gauleiter from 1933 to 1945]. zukunft-braucht-erinnerung.de (in German). Zukunft braucht Erinnerung. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  3. "Die Gaue der NSDAP" [The Gaue of the Nazi Party]. verwaltungsgeschichte.de (in German). Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  4. "Die NS-Gaue" [The Nazi Gaue]. dhm.de (in German). Deutsches Historisches Museum. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  5. "Bürckel, Josef". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  6. "NS-Zeit 1933-45" [Nazi era 1933-45]. xn--hndelstadt-halle-vnb.de (in German). Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  7. Anna Rosmus: Hitlers Nibelungen, Samples Grafenau 2015, pp. 60f
  8. "ZEITGESCHICHTE / NATIONALSOZIALISTEN" [History/Nazis]. spiegel.de (in German). Der Spiegel. 8 May 1967. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  9. "Giesler, Paul". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  10. "Goebbels, Paul Joseph". deutsche-biographie.de (in German). Bavarian State Library. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  11. "Hellmuth, Otto". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  12. "Holz, Karl". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  13. "Jordan, Rudolf". uni-magdeburg.de (in German). University of Magdeburg. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  14. Miller 2017, p. 25.
  15. Miller 2017, p. 34.
  16. Miller 2017, p. 46.
  17. Miller 2017, p. 51.
  18. "Die Legende vom "guten Gauleiter"" [The legend of the "good Gauleiter"]. ndr.de (in German). Norddeutscher Rundfunk. 8 April 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  19. Miller 2017, p. 76.
  20. "Lohse, Hinrich". deutsche-biographie.de (in German). Bavarian State Library. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  21. "Ruckdeschel, Ludwig". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  22. "Schemm, Hans". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  23. "Stöhr, Willi". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  24. "Streicher, Julius". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  25. "Josef Terboven (1898-1945)". historisches-centrum.de (in German). Historisches Centrum Hagen. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  26. "Wächtler, Fritz". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  27. "ROBERT WAGNER, GAULEITER, REICHSSTATTHALTER IN BADEN UND CHEF DER ZIVILVERWALTUNG IM ELSASS" [Robert Wagner, Gauleiter, Reichsstatthalter in Baden and chief of the civil administration of Alsace]. ns-ministerien-bw.de (in German). 12 December 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  28. "Wahl, Karl". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  29. "Zimmermann, Hans". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.

Bibliography
  • Miller, Michael D. and Schulz, Andreas (2012). Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders Of The Nazi Party And Their Deputies, 1925-1945 (Herbert Albreacht-H. Wilhelm Huttmann)-Volume 1, R. James Bender Publishing. ISBN 978-1932970210
  • Miller, Michael (2017). Gauleiter Volume 2. California: R James Bender Publishing. ISBN 1-932970-32-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Westermann, Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte
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