List of Oceanids

In Greek mythology, the nymph daughters of the Titan Oceanus (Ocean), were known collectively as the Oceanids. Four ancient sources give lists of names of Oceanids. The oldest, and longest such list, given by the late 8th–early 7th century BC Greek poet Hesiod, names 41 Oceanids.[1] Hesiod goes on to say that these "are the eldest ... but there are many besides" and that there were "three thousand" Oceanids,[2] a number interpreted as meaning "innumerable".[3] While some of these names, such as Peitho, Metis and Tyche, certainly reflected existing traditions, many were probably mere poetic inventions.[4] The probably nearly as old Homeric Hymn to Demeter lists 21 names, 16 of which match those given by Hesiod,[5] and were probably taken directly from there.[6]

Les Oceanides Les Naiades de la mer. Gustave Doré, 1860s

The roughly contemporary (? c. 1st century AD) Greek mythographer Apollodorus and the Latin mythographer Hyginus also give lists of Oceanids. Apollodorus gives a list containing 7 names,[7] as well as mentioning 5 other Oceanids elsewhere.[8] Of these 12 names, 8 match Hesiod.[9] Hyginus, at the beginning of his Fabulae, lists 16 names, while elsewhere he gives the names of 10 others.[10] Of these 26 names, only 9 are found in Hesiod, the Homeric Hymn, or Apollodorus. Many other names are given in other ancient sources.

The names of the Oceanids are of different types.[11] The Oceanids were the nymphs of springs,[12] and some of the names apparently reflect this aquatic connection, with some perhaps being the names of actual springs.[13] Other names have no apparent connection with water. Some, consistent with the Oceanids' function, as specified by Hesiod, of having "youths in their keeping" (i.e. being kourotrophoi),[14] represent things which parents might hope to be bestowed upon their children: Plouto ("Wealth"), Tyche ("Good Fortune"), Idyia ("Knowing"), and Metis ("Wisdom").[15] Others appear to be geographical eponyms, such as Europa, Asia, Ephyra (Corinth), and Rhodos (Rhodes).[16]

Several of the names given for Oceanids, are also names given for Nereids, the fifty sea nymphs who were the daughters of the sea god Nereus and the Oceanid Doris.

List
Named Oceanids
Name Sources Notes
Hes.[17] Hom. Hymn [18] Ap.[19] Hyg.[20] Others
Acaste ✓✓
Admete ✓✓✓
Adrasteia ✓[21]Apollodorus, 1.1.6 makes the nymphs Adrasteia and Ida, the nurses of Zeus, daughters of Melisseus, leader of the Kuretes of Crete
Aethra ✓[22]Pherecydes, fr. 90c Fowler; Ovid, Fasti 5.171
Aetna Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Παλιχη
Amalthea ✓[23]Schol. ad Hom. II. 21.194 Usually not an Oceanid e.g. Apollodorus, 2.7.5
Amphirho ✓
Amphitrite ✓+[24] The name of a Nereid at Hesiod, Theogony, 243, 254, and Apollodorus, 1.2.7
Argia
or Argea		 ✓+[25]Mother of Phoroneus, by Inachus, at Hyginus, Fabulae 143, however the mother is an Oceanid named Melia at Apollodorus, 2.1.1
Asia ✓✓Andron of Halicarnassus fr. 7 Fowler = FGrHist 10 F 7 (mother is Pompholyge)[26] The name of a Nereid at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
Asterodia Scholia on Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 3.242 (Parisian, Florentine).
Asterope Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Akragantes
Beroe Virgil, Georgics 4.341; cf. Nonnus, Dionysiaca 41.153 The name of a Nereid at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
Callirrhoe ✓✓✓[27]
Calypso ✓✓The name of a Nereid at Apollodorus, 1.2.7; "probably not" the same as the Calypso who was the lover of Odysseus[28]
Camarina Pindar, Olympian 5.1–4
CapheiraDiodorus Siculus, 5.55
Cerceis ✓
Ceto Nonnus, Dionysiaca 26.355The name of a Nereid at Apollodorus, 1.2.7
Chios Hecataeus of Miletus, fr. 18 Fowler = FGrHist 1 F 141
Chryseis ✓✓
Clio
or Cleio		 Virgil, Georgics 4.341The name of a Nereid at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
Clitemneste✓
Clymene ✓✓[29]Tzetzes, Chiliades 4.19.359; possibly the same as at Virgil, Georgics 4.345The name of a Nereid at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
Clytie
or Clytia		 ✓✓
CorypheCicero, De Natura Deorum 3.59
DaeiraPausanias, 1.38.7; cf. Pherecydes, fr. 45 Fowler (called a sister of Styx)
Dione ✓ The name of a Nereid at Apollodorus, 1.2.7
DodoneEpaphroditus, fr. 57 Braswell–Billerbeck[30]
Doris ✓✓ The name of a Nereid at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
Electra ✓✓✓
Ephyra✓Hyginus, Fabulae 275.6; Eumelus fr. 1 Fowler (apud Pausanias, 2.1.1); possibly the same as at Virgil, Georgics 4.343 The name of a Nereid at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
Euagoreis✓
Eudora ✓ The name of a Nereid at Hesiod, Theogony 244; Apollodorus, 1.2.7, and one of the Hyades at Hyginus, Astronomica 2.21.1, Fabulae 192
Europa ✓Andron of Halicarnassus fr. 7 Fowler = FGrHist 10 F 7 (mother is Parthenope)[31]
Eurynome ✓✓+[32]✓Homer, Iliad 18.399, Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 1.503–504
Galaxaura ✓✓
HesioneAcusilaus, fr. 34 Fowler; Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 560.
Hestyaea✓
Hippo ✓
Iache ✓
Ianeira
or Ianira		 ✓✓ The name of a Nereid at Homer, Iliad 18.47; Apollodorus, 1.2.7; Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
Ianthe ✓✓✓
Ida✓[33]Apollodorus, 1.1.6 makes the nymphs Adrasteia and Ida, the nurses of Zeus, daughters of Melisseus, leader of the Kuretes of Crete
Idyia
or Eidyia		 ✓✓[34]Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica, 3.243–244
Leucippe ✓
LibyeAndron of Halicarnassus fr. 7 Fowler = FGrHist 10 F 7 (mother is Pompholyge)[35]
Lyris✓
Melia (consort of Apollo) Pindar, fr. 52k 43; Pausanias, 9.10.5See also (below) the Argive Oceanid Melia who was the consort of Inachus
Melia (consort of Inachus) ✓[36]Mother of Phoroneus, by Inachus, at Apollodorus, 2.1.1, however the mother is Argia at Hyginus, Fabulae 143. See also (above) the Theban Oceanid Melia who was the consort of Apollo
Meliboea ✓[37]
Melite ✓✓[38] The name of a Nereid at Hesiod, Theogony 247; Homer, Iliad 18.42; Apollodorus, 1.2.7
Melobosis ✓✓
Menestho ✓
Menippe✓
Mentis✓
Merope ✓[39]
Metis ✓✓[40]
MopsopiaSuda, s.v. Εὐφορίων, according to which, Mopsopia, an old name for Attica, was supposed to have come from her
Nemesis Pausanias, 1.33.3 A daughter of Nyx at Hesiod, Theogony 223; and Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 1
Ocyrhoe ✓✓
Pasiphae ✓
Pasithoe ✓
Peitho ✓Pherecydes, fr. 66 Fowler.
Periboea Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48.248
Perse
or Perseis		 ✓+[41]✓[42]Homer, Odyssey 10.139; Hecataeus of Miletus, fr. 35A Fowler; Cicero, De Natura Deorum 3.48; Tzetzes, Chiliades 4.19.358
Petraea ✓
Phaeno ✓
Philyra ✓[43]Eumelus fr. 12 West = Scholia on Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 1.554.[44] Pherecydes, fr. 50 Fowler = Scholia on Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 2.1231–41a; cf. Callimachus, Hymn 1—To Zeus 33–36
Pleione ✓[45]✓[46]Ovid, Fasti 5.81–84
Plexaura ✓
Plouto
or Pluto		 ✓✓
Polydora ✓
PolypheSuda, s.v. Ἱππεία Ἀθηνᾶ
Polyxo ✓
Prymno ✓
Rhodea,
Rhodeia,
or Rhodia		 ✓✓
Rhodope ✓✓
Rhodos
or Rhode		 Epimenides, fr. 11 Fowler A daughter of Poseidon at Apollodorus, 1.4.5; Herodorus, fr. 62 Fowler; and Diodorus Siculus, 5.55
The Sirens Epimenides, fr. 8 Fowler Usually the daughters of Achelous, e.g. Apollodorus, 1.3.4, 1.7.10, E.7.18; Hyginus, Fabulae 125.13, 141.1; Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 4.896.[47]
Stilbo✓
Styx ✓✓✓Epimenides, fr. 7 Fowler A daughter of Nyx at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 1
Telesto ✓
Thoe✓ The name of a Nereid at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
ThraikeAndron of Halicarnassus fr. 7 Fowler = FGrHist 10 F 7 (mother is Parthenope)[48]
Tyche ✓✓
Urania ✓✓
Xanthe✓
Zeuxo ✓

Notes
  1. Hesiod, Theogony 349–361: Peitho, Admete, Ianthe, Electra, Doris, Prymno, Urania, Hippo, Clymene, Rhodea, Callirrhoe, Zeuxo, Clytie, Idyia, Pasithoe, Plexaura, Galaxaura, Dione, Melobosis, Thoe, Polydora, Cerceis, Pluto, Perseis, Ianeira, Acaste, Xanthe, Petraea, Menestho, Europa, Metis, Eurynome, Telesto, Chryseis, Asia, Calypso, Eudora, Tyche, Amphirho, Ocyrrhoe, and Styx.
  2. Hesiod, Theogony 362–364.
  3. Hard, p. 40.
  4. West 1966, p. 260; Hard, p. 41.
  5. Homeric Hymn to Demeter, 418–423. The matching names are: Acaste, Admete, Callirrhoe, Calypso, Chryseis, Electra, Galaxaura, Ianeira, Ianthe, Melobosis, Ocyrhoe, Pluto, Rhodea, Styx, Tyche, and Urania. The additions are: Iache, Leucippe, Melite, Phaeno, and Rhodope.
  6. West 1966, p. 260; Evelyn-White, note to Homeric Hymn to Demeter 418.
  7. Asia, Styx, Electra, Doris, Eurynome, Amphitrite, and Metis (1.2.2).
  8. Callirrhoe (2.5.10), Idyia (1.9.23), Melia (2.1.1), Meliboea (3.8.1), and Pleione (3.10.1).
  9. The matching names are: Asia, Callirrhoe, Doris, Electra, Eurynome, Idyia, Metis, and Styx. The additions are: Amphitrite, Melia, Meliboea, and Pleione.
  10. Hyginus lists 17 names, but one is unintelligible: Hestyaea, Melite, Ianthe, Admete, Stilbo, Pasiphae, Polyxo, Eurynome, Euagoreis, Rhodope, Lyris, Clytia, <unintelligible>, Clitemneste, Mentis, Menippe, Argia (Fabulae Th. 6; Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 95). The other 10 names are: Philyra (Fab. 138; Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 146), Merope (Fab. 154; Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 150), Persis (Fab. 156; Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 150), Ida, Amalthea, and Adrasteia (Fab. 182; Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 158), Pleione (Fab. 192; Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 162), Ephyra (Fab. 275.6; Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 181), Aethra (Astronomica 2.21).
  11. For a detailed treatment of many of the Hesiodic names see West 1966, pp. 264 ff.
  12. West 1966, p. 259 ll. 337-70; Caldwell, p. 48; Most, p. 31.
  13. West 1966, p. 260; Evelyn-White, note to Hes. Th. 346.
  14. West 1966, p. 263 346. κουρίξουσι; Hesiod, Theogony 347.
  15. Fowler 2013, p. 13.
  16. Fowler 2013, pp. 13–16.
  17. Hesiod, Theogony 349–361.
  18. Homeric Hymn to Demeter, 418–423.
  19. Apollodorus, 1.2.2, except where otherwise indicated.
  20. Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 6 (Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 95), except where otherwise indicated.
  21. Hyginus, Fabulae 182
  22. Hyginus, Astronomica 2.21
  23. Hyginus, Fabulae 182; an outdated Latin text of Hyginus' Fabulae has Althaea, see Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 191 endnote to 182; West 1983, p. 133.
  24. Also Apollodorus, 1.4.5
  25. Also Hyginus, Fabulae 143
  26. Fowler 2000, p. 42; Fowler 2013, p. 13; Bouzek and Graninger, p. 12. Fowler 2013, p. 15, calls Pompholyge, a name found nowhere else, an ad hoc invention.
  27. Apollodorus, 2.5.10
  28. Caldwell, p. 49 n. 359, see also West 1966, p. 267 359. καὶ ἱμερόεσσα Καλυψώ; Hard, p. 41. Odysseus' Calypso is usually the daughter of the Titan Atlas, e.g. Homer, Odyssey 1.51–54.
  29. Hyginus, Fabulae 156
  30. Braswell, pp. 240, 242; Harder, vol. 1 p. 196, vol. 2 p. 383.
  31. Fowler 2000, p. 42; Fowler 2013, p. 13; Bouzek and Graninger, p. 12. Fowler 2013, p. 15, calls Parthenope, "elsewhere variously a Siren, a daughter of Ankaios, and a paramour of Herakles" an ad hoc invention.
  32. Also Apollodorus, 1.3.1
  33. Hyginus, Fabulae 182; an outdated Latin text of Hyginus' Fabulae has Idothea, see Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 191 endnote to 182; West 1983, p. 133.
  34. Apollodorus, 1.9.23
  35. Fowler 2000, p. 42; Fowler 2013, p. 13; Bouzek and Graninger, p. 12. Fowler 2013, p. 15, calls Pompholyge, a name found nowhere else, an ad hoc invention.
  36. Apollodorus, 2.1.1
  37. Apollodorus, 3.8.1
  38. Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 8
  39. Hyginus, Fabulae 154
  40. Also Apollodorus, 1.2.1
  41. Also Hesiod, Theogony 956
  42. Hyginus, Fabulae 156; here, spelled "Persis", spelled "Perse" at Hyginus, Fabulae Th. 36.
  43. Hyginus, Fabulae 138
  44. West 2003, pp. 230, 231; Evelyn-White, pp. 482, 483.
  45. Apollodorus, 3.10.1
  46. cf. Hyginus, Fabulae 192
  47. Fowler 2013, pp. 30–31
  48. Fowler 2000, p. 42; Fowler 2013, p. 13; Bouzek and Graninger, p. 12. Fowler 2013, p. 15, calls Parthenope, "elsewhere variously a Siren, a daughter of Ankaios, and a paramour of Herakles" an ad hoc invention.

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