List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1980–1989)

The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award of the Republic of India.[1] Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service of a high order", without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex.[2] The recipients receive a Sanad, a certificate signed by the President of India and a circular-shaped medallion with no monetary association. The recipients are announced every year on Republic Day (26 January) and registered in The Gazette of Indiaa publication used for official government notices and released weekly by the Department of Publication, under the Ministry of Urban Development.[3] The conferral of the award is not considered official without its publication in the Gazette. The name of recipient, whose award have been revoked or restored, both of which require the authority of the President, is archived and they are required to surrender their medal when their name is struck from the register;[4] none of the conferments of Padma Bhushan during 1980–1989 have been revoked or restored. The recommendations are received from all the state and the union territory governments, as well as from Ministries of the Government of India, the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan awardees, the Institutes of Excellence, the Ministers, the Chief Ministers and the Governors of State, and the Members of Parliament including private individuals.[3]

Padma Bhushan
TypeNational Civilian
CountryIndia
Presented by

Government of India
Ribbon
ObverseA centrally located lotus flower is embossed and the text "Padma" written in Devanagari script is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus.
ReverseA platinum State Emblem of India placed in the centre with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari Script
Established1954
First awarded1954
Total133
Websitehttp://www.padmaawards.gov.in/ 
Precedence
Next (higher) Padma Vibhushan
Next (lower) Padma Shri

When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Varg" (Class II) under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. On 15 January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards as the Padma Vibhushan, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri.[3] The criteria included "distinguished service of a high order in any field including service rendered by Government servants", but excluded those working with the public sector undertakings with the exception of doctors and scientists. The 1954 statutes did not allow posthumous awards; this was subsequently modified in the January 1955 statute.[4] The design was also changed to the form that is currently in use; it portrays a circular-shaped toned bronze medallion 1 34 inches (44 mm) in diameter and 18 inch (3.2 mm) thick. The centrally placed pattern made of outer lines of a square of 1 316 inches (30 mm) side is embossed with a knob carved within each of the outer angles of the pattern. A raised circular space of diameter 1 116 inches (27 mm) is placed at the centre of the decoration. A centrally located lotus flower is embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text "Padma" is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus written in Devanagari script. The State Emblem of India is displayed in the centre of the reverse side, together with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari script, which is inscribed on the lower edge. The rim, the edges and all embossing on either side is of standard gold with the text "Padma Bhushan" of gold gilt. The medal is suspended by a pink riband 1 14 inches (32 mm) in width with a broad white stripe in the middle.[3][4] It is ranked fifth in the order of precedence of wearing of medals and decorations of the Indian civilian and military awards.[lower-alpha 1]

After assuming office as Prime Minister of India in 1977, Morarji Desai withdrew all the civilian awards, reckoning them as "worthless and politicized".[6] As a result, the Padma Bhushan award was not conferred to any person from 1978 until 1980 when the suspension was rescinded on 25 January by Indira Gandhi, Desai's predecessor who had returned to office. Cricketer Sunil Gavaskar became the first recipient of the award since its restoration in 1980; he was the only person awarded in that year.[7]

A total of 133 awards were presented in the 1980s. Only one award was conferred in 1980 which was later followed by nine in 1981, fifteen in 1982, seventeen in both 1983 and 1984, twenty-one in 1985, fourteen in 1986, twelve in 1987, thirteen in 1988, and fourteen in 1989. The Padma Bhushan in the 1980s was also conferred upon ten foreign recipients  four from the United Kingdom, three from the United States, and one each from Denmark, France, and Japan. Individuals from nine different fields were awarded, which includes twenty-eight from literature and education, twenty-five from civil services, twenty-three artists, nineteen from science and engineering, thirteen from medicine, ten from public affairs, eight from social work, four from trade and industry, and three from sportspersons.[8] Pushpa Mittra Bhargava, scientist and founder-director of Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) who had received the award in 1986 in the field of medicine, returned it in 2015 in protest of the Dadri mob lynching and out of concern at the "prevailing socio-politico situation" in the country.[9]

Recipients


Cricketer Sunil Gavaskar (awarded in 1980) is widely considered as one of the greatest opening batsmen of all time. He is the first batsman to score 10,000 runs in Test cricket.[10]
In a career spanning over sixty years, filmmaker Richard Attenborough (awarded in 1983) is best known for his eight Academy Award-winning film Gandhi (1983) and is considered as "one of Britain's best-known actors and directors".[11]
Mathematician K. G. Ramanathan (awarded in 1983) is widely known for his works in number theory, mainly the analytic and arithmetic theory of quadratic forms over division algebras with involution.[12]
Known for his "bold depiction of socially controversial themes", writer and playwright Vijay Tendulkar (awarded in 1984) has 28 full-length plays to his credit, which include Sakharam Binder and Ghashiram Kotwal.[13]
Founder of Self Employed Women's Association, Ela Bhatt (awarded in 1986) was consultant to UNICEF for the Bangladesh Women's Department in 1977 and was also presented with a Ramon Magsaysay Award.[14]
Aerospace scientist Roddam Narasimha (awarded in 1987) is a former Director of the National Aerospace Laboratories and the Chairman of the Engineering Mechanics Unit at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. he has authored more than 250 scientific papers and fifteen books.[15]
British politician Fenner Brockway, Baron Brockway (awarded in 1989) was co-founder of No-Conscription Fellowship.[16]
Scientist Ashesh Prasad Mitra (awarded in 1989) contributed towards research in fields of ionosphere and earth's near-space environment using ground-based and space technology. He was Director of the National Physical Laboratory of India (1982–86), Director-General of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (1986–91), fellow of the Royal Society of London. He is often referred as "the doyen of upper atmospheric research in India."[17]
Japanese politician Yoshio Sakurauchi (awarded in 1989) was chairman of the Japan-India Association for over 25 years. In that capacity, and as the Foreign Affairs Minister, he helped strengthen cultural and economic ties of India and Japan.[18]
Award recipients by year[8]
Year Number of recipients
1980
1
1981
9
1982
15
1983
17
1984
17
1985
21
1986
14
1987
12
1988
13
1989
14
Award recipients by field[8]
Field Number of recipients
Arts
23
Civil Service
25
Literature & Education
28
Medicine
13
Public Affairs
10
Science & Engineering
19
Social Work
8
Sports
3
Trade & Industry
4
List of Padma Bhushan award recipients, showing the year, field, and state/country[8]
Year Recipient Field State
1980 Sunil Gavaskar SportsMaharashtra
1981 Vainu Bappu Science & EngineeringTamil Nadu
1981 Prafulla Desai MedicineMaharashtra
1981 Makhala Jha Social WorkBihar
1981 A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Civil ServiceDelhi
1981 Gopinath Mohanty Literature & EducationOrissa
1981 Prabhat Kumar Mukhopadhyaya Civil ServiceWest Bengal
1981 Amritlal Nagar Literature & EducationUttar Pradesh
1981 Mrinal Sen ArtsWest Bengal
1981 Avabai Bomanji Wadia Social WorkMaharashtra
1982 Jasbir Singh Bajaj MedicineDelhi
1982 Sundaram Balachander ArtsTamil Nadu
1982 Gottipati Brahmaiah Social WorkAndhra Pradesh
1982 Rani Gaidinliu Social WorkNagaland
1982 Khadim Hussain Khan ArtsMaharashtra
1982 Stella Kramrisch Literature & Education[upper-alpha 1]
1982 Jal Minocher Mehta MedicineMaharashtra
1982 Grace Louise McCann Morley Science & EngineeringDelhi
1982 Atam Prakash MedicineDelhi
1982 Syed Zahoor Qasim Civil ServiceDelhi
1982 Arnee Sreenivasan Ramakrishnan MedicineTamil Nadu
1982 Kamal Ranadive MedicineMaharashtra
1982 P. N. Pattabhirama Sastri Literature & EducationUttar Pradesh
1982 Jhabarmal Sharma Literature & EducationRajasthan
1982 Ajit Ram Verma Science & EngineeringDelhi
1983 Richard Attenborough Arts[upper-alpha 2]
1983 Doraiswamy Iyengar ArtsKarnataka
1983 V. G. Jog ArtsWest Bengal
1983 Suraj Parkash Malhotra Civil ServiceDelhi
1983 Nagendra Literature & EducationDelhi
1983 K. Sankaran Nair Civil ServiceKerala
1983 Prem Nazir ArtsKerala
1983 Swraj Paul Social Work[upper-alpha 2]
1983 Rajkumar ArtsKarnataka
1983 K. G. Ramanathan Literature & EducationMaharashtra
1983 Kershasp Tehmurasp Satarawala Civil ServiceGoa
1983 Subodh Chandra Sengupta Literature & EducationWest Bengal
1983 Adi M. Sethna Civil ServiceDelhi
1983 Arun Kumar Sharma Science & EngineeringDelhi
1983 Benudhar Sharma Literature & EducationAssam
1983 Bhalindra Singh SportsDelhi
1983 Umrao Singh Civil ServicePunjab
1984 Horace Alexander Literature & Education[upper-alpha 1]
1984 Narayan Chaturvedi Literature & EducationUttar Pradesh
1984 Michael Ferreira SportsMaharashtra
1984 Sivaji Ganesan ArtsTamil Nadu
1984 Jnan Prakash Ghosh ArtsWest Bengal
1984 Kotha Satchidananda Murthy Literature & EducationAndhra Pradesh
1984 Hosur Narasimhaiah Literature & EducationKarnataka
1984 Sripada Pinakapani ArtsAndhra Pradesh
1984 Ishwari Prasad Literature & EducationUttar Pradesh
1984 B. C. Sanyal ArtsMadhya Pradesh
1984 Marie Seton Literature & Education[upper-alpha 2]
1984 Archana Sharma MedicineWest Bengal
1984 Obaid Siddiqi Science & EngineeringMaharashtra
1984 Kanwar Natwar Singh Civil ServiceDelhi
1984 Ganda Singh Literature & EducationPunjab
1984 Vijay Tendulkar ArtsMaharashtra
1984 Baldev Upadhyaya Literature & EducationUttar Pradesh
1985 Rais Ahmed Literature & EducationDelhi
1985 Durga Das Basu Public AffairsWest Bengal
1985 Shiba P. Chatterjee Literature & EducationWest Bengal
1985 Eknath Vasant Chitnis Science & EngineeringGujarat
1985 Virender Lal Chopra Science & EngineeringDelhi
1985 Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon Civil ServiceDelhi
1985 Santidev Ghosh ArtsWest Bengal
1985 Surinder Singh Gill Civil ServiceDelhi
1985 Bhimsen Joshi ArtsMaharashtra
1985 Sadat Abul Masud Public AffairsWest Bengal
1985 Kalanidhi Narayanan ArtsTamil Nadu
1985 Bernard Peters Science & Engineering[upper-alpha 3]
1985 Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai Literature & EducationKerala
1985 Gopala Ramanujam Social WorkTamil Nadu
1985 Sivaraj Ramseshan Science & EngineeringKarnataka
1985 Vuppuluri Ganapathi Sastry Literature & EducationAndhra Pradesh
1985 Amarjit Singh Civil ServiceRajasthan
1985 Tribhuvandas Luhar (Sundaram) Literature & EducationPuducherry
1985 Gurbachan Singh Talib Literature & EducationPunjab
1985 Bhalchandra Udgaonkar Science & EngineeringMaharashtra
1985 Srinivasan Varadarajan Civil ServiceDelhi
1986 V. S. R. Arunachalam Civil ServiceDelhi
1986 Pushpa Mittra Bhargava MedicineAndhra Pradesh
1986 Ela Bhatt Social WorkGujarat
1986 Manohar Lal Chibber Civil ServiceDelhi
1986 Nasir Aminuddin Daggar ArtsWest Bengal
1986 Venkataraman Krishnamurthy Civil ServiceDelhi
1986 Jean Riboud Public Affairs[upper-alpha 4]
1986 Sidney Dillon Ripley Science & Engineering[upper-alpha 1]
1986 Rajeev Sethi Civil ServiceDelhi
1986 Martand Singh Public AffairsDelhi
1986 C. Venkataraman Sundaram Science & EngineeringTamil Nadu
1986 Badri Nath Tandon MedicineDelhi
1986 Gulshan Lal Tandon Civil ServiceWest Bengal
1986 Ram Krishna Trivedi Public AffairsUttar Pradesh
1987 Nalapat Balamani Amma Literature & EducationKerala
1987 Kishori Amonkar ArtsMaharashtra
1987 Srinivasa Anandaram Civil ServiceDelhi
1987 Nikhil Banerjee ArtsWest Bengal
1987 Roddam Narasimha Science & EngineeringKarnataka
1987 R. D. Pradhan Civil ServiceMaharashtra
1987 Annada Shankar Ray Literature & EducationWest Bengal
1987 Julio Ribeiro Civil ServiceMaharashtra
1987 Man Mohan Sharma Science & EngineeringMaharashtra
1987 Laxmi Prasad Sihare Civil ServiceDelhi
1987 Farokh Udwadia MedicineMaharashtra
1987 Mohammad Yunus Civil ServiceDelhi
1988 Kushok Bakula Public AffairsDelhi
1988 Ram Prakash Bambah Science & EngineeringChandigarh
1988 Kartar Singh Duggal Literature & EducationDelhi
1988 Ashok Sekhar Ganguly Trade & IndustryMaharashtra
1988 Abid Hussain Civil ServiceDelhi
1988 Shreyans Prasad Jain Social WorkMaharashtra
1988 Kelucharan Mohapatra ArtsOrissa
1988 Bal Ram Nanda Literature & EducationDelhi
1988 Akkineni Nageswara Rao ArtsAndhra Pradesh
1988 Pratury Trirumala Rao MedicineAndhra Pradesh
1988 Renuka Ray Public AffairsWest Bengal
1988 B. V. Sreekantan Science & EngineeringMaharashtra
1988 Satya Pal Wahi Trade & IndustryUttar Pradesh
1989 Fenner Brockway Public Affairs[upper-alpha 2]
1989 Banoo Jehangir Coyaji MedicineMaharashtra
1989 Girija Devi ArtsUttar Pradesh
1989 Kattingeri Krishna Hebbar ArtsMaharashtra
1989 Girilal Jain Literature & EducationDelhi
1989 Anna Rajam Malhotra Civil ServiceMaharashtra
1989 M. V. Mathur Science & EngineeringRajasthan
1989 Ashesh Prasad Mitra Science & EngineeringDelhi
1989 Russi Mody Trade & IndustryJharkhand
1989 Suresh Shankar Nadkarni Trade & IndustryMaharashtra
1989 Narinder Singh Randhawa Science & EngineeringDelhi
1989 Yoshio Sakurauchi Public Affairs[upper-alpha 5]
1989 Lakshman Singh Public AffairsMaharashtra
1989 Prakash Narain Tandon MedicineDelhi

Explanatory notes

  1. The order of precedence is: Bharat Ratna, Param Vir Chakra, Ashoka Chakra, Padma Vibhushan and Padma Bhushan.[5]
Foreign recipients
  1. Indicates a citizen of the United States
  2. Indicates a citizen of the United Kingdom
  3. Indicates a citizen of Denmark
  4. Indicates a citizen of France
  5. Indicates a citizen of Japan

References

  1. "PV Sindhu recommended for Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian award, by sports ministry". Firstpost. 25 September 2017. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  2. Lal, Shavax A. (1954). "The Gazette of India—Extraordinary—Part I" (PDF). The Gazette of India. The President's Secretariat (published 2 January 1954): 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2018. The President is pleased to institute an award to be designated 'Padma Vibhushan' in three classes, namely: 'Pahela Varg', 'Dusra Varg' and 'Tisra Varg'
  3. "Padma Awards Scheme" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
  4. Ayyar, N. M. (1955). "The Gazette of India—Extraordinary—Part I" (PDF). The Gazette of India. The President's Secretariat (published 15 January 1955): 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2018. All persons upon whom the decoration of 'Padma Vibhushan' ('Dusra Varg') was conferred under the Regulations issued with Notification No. 2-Pres./54, dated the 2nd January, 1954, shall, for all purposes of these regulations, be deemed to be persons on whom the decoration of Padma Bhushan has been conferred by the President.
  5. "Wearing of Medals: Precedence Of Medals". Indian Army. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
  6. Mukul, Akshaya (20 January 2008). "The great Bharat Ratna race". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  7. Bhattacherje, S. B. (2009). Encyclopaedia of Indian Events & Dates. Sterling Publishers. p. A248, A253. ISBN 978-81-207-4074-7. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016.
  8. "Padma Awards Directory (1954–2014)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 21 May 2014. pp. 72–94. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
  9. Mallikarjun, Y. (12 November 2015). "P.M. Bhargava sends back Padma Bhushan award to President". The Hindu. Hyderabad. Archived from the original on 28 February 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  10. "Sunil Gavaskar Profile@espncricinfo". ESPN Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  11. "Obituary: Richard Attenborough". BBC News. 24 August 2014. Archived from the original on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  12. "Professor K. G. Ramanathan" (PDF). Indian Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 August 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  13. "Vijay Tendulkar, voice of social stage, is dead". The Telegraph. Mumbai/Pune. 20 May 2008. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  14. "Ela Ramesh Bhatt Biography". Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation. September 1977. Archived from the original on 10 June 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  15. "Prof. Roddam Narasimha,FRS". Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. 12 May 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  16. Simkin, John. "British Journalist: Fenner Brockway". Spartacus Educational Publishers. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  17. "Former CSIR chief dead". The Hindu. 4 September 2007. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
    • "A P Mitra, Former DGCSIR, passes away". National Aerospace Laboratories. 3–9 September 2007. Archived from the original on 29 January 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
    • Science & Society in the Twenty First Century: Quest for Excellence : the Road Ahead. National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources. 2004. p. 246. ISBN 978-81-7236-307-9.
  18. "History of The Japan-India Association". Japan-India Association. Archived from the original on 22 September 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2016.

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