List of presidents of Turkey

The following is a complete list of people who held the office of President of Turkey. There have been twelve heads of state since the inception of the republican period in 1923, following the Turkish War of Independence.

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For a list of rulers of the predecessor Ottoman Empire, see List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire.

List of presidents (1923–present)
Political parties
Other factions
Status
  Denotes acting president
No. Name
(Birth–Death)		 Portrait Term of office Political party Previous office Elected
Parliamentary system (1923–2018)
1 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
(1881–1938)		29 October 19231 November 1927Republican People's Party1st Speaker of the Grand National Assembly 11923
1 November 19274 May 193121927
4 May 19311 March 193531931
1 March 193510 November 1938
(died in office.)		41935
— Abdülhalik Renda
(1881–1957)		10 November 193811 November 1938Republican People's Party4th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly——
2 İsmet İnönü
(1884–1973)		11 November 19383 April 1939Republican People's Party1st Prime Minister of Turkey51938
3 April 19398 March 194361939
8 March 19435 August 194671943
5 August 194627 May 195081946
3 Celâl Bayar
(1883–1986)		27 May 195014 May 1954Democrat Party3rd Prime Minister of Turkey91950
14 May 19541 November 1957101954
1 November 195727 May 1960[lower-alpha 1]111957
4National Unity Committee
Chairman: General Cemal Gürsel		27 May 196010 October 1961Martial law (sıkıyönetim)
by Turkish Armed Forces		10th Commander of the Turkish Army—
Cemal Gürsel
(1895–1966)		10 October 19612 February 1966[lower-alpha 2]IndependentChairman of the National Unity Committee121961
— İbrahim Şevki Atasagun
(1899–1984)		2 February 196628 March 1966Independent3rd Charirman of the Senate of Turkey——
5 Cevdet Sunay
(1899–1982)		28 March 196628 March 1973Independent12th Chief of the Turkish General Staff131966
— Tekin Arıburun
(1903–1993)		28 March 19736 April 1973Justice Party4th Chairman of the Senate of Turkey——
6 Fahri Korutürk
(1903–1987)		6 April 19736 April 1980Independent3rd Commander of the Turkish Navy141973
— İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil
(1908–1993)		6 April 198012 September 1980[lower-alpha 3]Justice Party6th Chairman of the Senate of Turkey——
7National Security Council
Chairman: General Kenan Evren		12 September 19809 November 1982Martial law (sıkıyönetim)
by Turkish Armed Forces		17th Chief of the Turkish General Staff—
Kenan Evren
(1917–2015)		9 November 19829 November 1989IndependentChairman of the National Security Council151982
8 Turgut Özal
(1927–1993)		9 November 1989(died in office.[lower-alpha 4]Motherland Party19th Prime Minister of Turkey161989
— Hüsamettin Cindoruk
(born 1933)		17 April 199316 May 1993True Path Party 17th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly——
9 Süleyman Demirel
(1924–2015)		16 May 199316 May 2000True Path Party12th Prime Minister of Turkey171993
10 Ahmet Necdet Sezer
(born 1941)		16 May 200028 August 2007Independent14th President of the Constitutional Court of Turkey182000
11 Abdullah Gül
(born 1950)		28 August 200728 August 2014Justice and Development Party40th Minister of Foreign Affairs192007
12 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
(born 1954)		28 August 20149 July 2018Justice and Development Party25th Prime Minister of Turkey202014
Presidential system (2018–present)
12 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
(born 1954)		9 July 2018IncumbentJustice and Development Party25th Prime Minister of Turkey212018

Timeline
Recep Tayyip ErdoğanAbdullah GülAhmet Necdet SezerSüleyman DemirelHüsamettin CindorukTurgut ÖzalKenan Evrenİhsan Sabri ÇağlayangilFahri KorutürkTekin ArıburunCevdet Sunayİbrahim Şevki AtasagunCemal GürselCelal Bayarİsmet İnönüMustafa Abdülhalik RendaMustafa Kemal Atatürk

Notes
  1. Deposed in the 1960 Turkish coup d'état.
  2. Removed from office due to ill health.
  3. Deposed in the 1980 Turkish coup d'état.
  4. When his body was exhumed in 2012 strong evidence emrged that he was poisoned, though whether or not this was the cause of death remains unclear.

See also
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