List of reptiles of Texas

This is a list of Texas reptiles, including all snakes, lizards, crocodilians, and turtles native to the state of Texas.

The state of Texas has a large variety of habitats, from swamps, coastal marshes and pine forests in the east, rocky hills and limestone karst in the center, desert in the south and west, mountains in the far west, and grassland prairie in the north. This vast contrast in biomes makes Texas home to an extremely wide variety of herpetofauna. Its central position in the United States means that species found primarily in either the western or eastern reaches of the country often have their ranges meeting in the state. Its proximity to Mexico is such that many species found there and into Central America range as far north as Texas. The abundance of reptiles makes the state a prime area for research, and most species found in Texas have been well studied.

Texas state law protects several reptile species; threatened species denoted as (T) and endangered species denoted as (E). The moderate climate of Texas has also led to some species being introduced to the state and establishing a permanent population, denoted as (I).

Conservation status
Least-concern species
Vulnerable species
Endangered species
Critically endangered
Invasive species

Crocodilians

Order: Crocodilia
Picture Scientific name Common name Family Conservation status
Family: Alligatoridae
(alligators and caimans)
Alligator mississippiensis American alligator Alligatoridae IUCN (LC)

Lizards

Order: Squamata
Picture Scientific name Common name Family Conservation status
Family: Anguidae
(anguid and legless lizards)
Gerrhonotus infernalis Texas alligator lizard Anguidae IUCN (LC)
Ophisaurus attenuatus western slender glass lizard Anguidae  IUCN (LC)
Family: Dactyloidae
(anoles)
Anolis carolinensis green anole Dactyloidae IUCN (LC)
Anolis sagrei  brown anole Dactyloidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Family: Crotaphytidae
(collared and leopard lizards)
Crotaphytus collaris eastern collared lizard Crotaphytidae
Crotaphytus reticulatus reticulated collared lizard Crotaphytidae IUCN (VU)
Texas (T)
Gambelia wislizenii longnose leopard lizard Crotaphytidae IUCN (LC)
Family: Gekkonidae
(geckos)
Coleonyx brevis Texas banded gecko  Gekkonidae IUCN (LC)
Coleonyx reticulatus reticulated gecko  Gekkonidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Cyrtopodion scabrum rough-tailed gecko  Gekkonidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Hemidactylus turcicus Mediterranean gecko  Gekkonidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Hemidactylus frenatus Asian house gecko  Gekkonidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Family: Iguanidae
(iguanas)
Iguana iguana green iguana Iguanidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Ctenosaura pectinata Mexican spinytail iguana Iguanidae Texas (I)
Family: Phrynosomatidae
(sand, horned, and spiny lizards)
Cophosaurus texanus greater earless lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Holbrookia lacerata spot-tailed earless lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (NT)
Holbrookia subcaudalis southern earless lizard Phrynosomatidae
Holbrookia approximans speckled earless lizard Phrynosomatidae
Holbrookia maculata lesser earless lizard Phrynosomatidae
Holbrookia maculata perspicua prairie earless lizard Phrynosomatidae
Holbrookia propinqua keeled earless lizard Phrynosomatidae
Phrynosoma cornutum Texas horned lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Phrynosoma douglasii short-horned lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Phrynosoma modestum roundtail horned lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Sceloporus arenicolus dunes sagebrush lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (VU)
Texas (T)
Sceloporus graciosus sagebrush lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus grammicus mesquite lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Sceloporus magister desert spiny lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus merriami annulatus Big Bend Canyon lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus merriami longipunctatus Presidio Canyon lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus merriami canyon lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus olivaceus Texas spiny lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Sceloporus poinsettii crevice spiny lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus serrifer blue spiny lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Sceloporus undulatus consobrinus  southern prairie lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus undulatus garmani  northern prairie lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus undulatus hyacinthinus northern fence lizard Phrynosomatidae
Sceloporus variabilis rosebelly lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Urosaurus ornatus ornatus Texas tree lizard Phrynosomatidae IUCN (LC)
Urosaurus ornatus schmidti Big Bend tree lizard Phrynosomatidae
Uta stansburiana common side-blotched lizard Phrynosomatidae
Family: Scincidae
(skinks)
Plestiodon anthracinus pluvialis southern coal skink Scincidae
Plestiodon fasciatus five-lined skink Scincidae
Plestiodon laticeps broadhead skink Scincidae IUCN (LC)
Plestiodon multivirgatus epipleurotus  variable skink Scincidae
Plestiodon obsoletus Great Plains Skink Scincidae IUCN (LC)
Plestiodon septentrionalis obtusirostris southern prairie skink Scincidae
Plestiodon tetragrammus brevilineatus short-lined skink Scincidae
Plestiodon tetragrammus tetragrammus four-lined skink Scincidae
Scincella lateralis ground skink Scincidae IUCN (LC)
Family: Teiidae
(whiptails)
Aspidoscelis exsanguis  Chihuahuan spotted whiptail Teiidae IUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis gularis  Texas spotted whiptail Teiidae IUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis inornatus heptagrammus  Trans-Pecos striped whiptail Teiidae
Aspidoscelis laredoensis  Laredo striped whiptail Teiidae IUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis marmoratus  marbled whiptail Teiidae
Aspidoscelis neomexicanus  New Mexico whiptail Teiidae IUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis sexlineatus sexlineatus  eastern six-lined racerunner Teiidae
Aspidoscelis sexlineatus viridis  prairie racerunner Teiidae
Aspidoscelis tesselatus  checkered whiptail Teiidae IUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis uniparens  desert grassland whiptail Teiidae IUCN (LC)

Snakes

Sub-order: Serpentes
Picture Scientific name Common name Family Conservation status
Family: Leptotyphlopidae
(blind snakes)
Leptotyphlops dulcis dissectus  New Mexico blind snake Leptotyphlopidae IUCN (LC)
Leptotyphlops dulcis dulcis  Plains blind snake Leptotyphlopidae IUCN (LC)
Leptotyphlops humilis segregus  Trans-Pecos blind snake Leptotyphlopidae
Family: Colubridae
(colubrids)
Arizona elegans arenicola  Texas glossy snake Colubridae
Arizona elegans elegans  Kansas glossy snake Colubridae
Arizona elegans philipi  Painted Desert glossy snake Colubridae
Bogertophis subocularis  Trans-Pecos rat snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Carphophis vermis  western worm snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Cemophora coccinea copei  northern scarlet snake Colubridae
Cemophora coccinea lineri  Texas scarlet snake Colubridae Texas (T)
Coluber constrictor anthicus  buttermilk racer Colubridae
Coluber constrictor etheridgei  tan racer Colubridae
Coluber constrictor flaviventris  eastern yellowbelly racer Colubridae
Coluber constrictor oaxaca  Mexican racer Colubridae
Coluber constrictor priapus  southern black racer Colubridae
Coniophanes imperialis  black-striped snake Colubridae Texas (T)
Diadophis punctatus arnyi  prairie ringneck snake Colubridae
Diadophis punctatus regalis  regal ringneck snake Colubridae
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys  Mississippi ringneck snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Drymarchon corais erebennus  Texas indigo snake Colubridae Texas (T)
Drymobius margaritiferus  speckled racer Colubridae Texas (T)
Elaphe bairdi  Baird's rat snake Colubridae
Elaphe guttata emoryi  Great Plains rat snake Colubridae
Elaphe guttata guttata  corn snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Elaphe obsoleta lindheimeri  Texas rat snake Colubridae
Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta  black rat snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Elaphe slowinskii  Slowinski's corn snake Colubridae
Farancia abacura  mud snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Ficimia streckeri  Mexican hooknose snake Colubridae
Gyalopion canum  western hooknose snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Heterodon kennerlyi  Mexican hognose snake Colubridae
Heterodon nasicus gloydi  dusty hognose snake Colubridae
Heterodon nasicus nasicus  western hognose snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Heterodon platirhinos  eastern hognose snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Hypsiglena torquata jani  Texas night snake Colubridae
Lampropeltis alterna  grey-banded kingsnake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Lampropeltis calligaster  prairie kingsnake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Lampropeltis getula holbrooki  speckled kingsnake Colubridae
Lampropeltis getula splendida  desert kingsnake Colubridae
Lampropeltis triangulum amaura  Louisiana milk snake Colubridae
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata  Mexican milk snake Colubridae
Lampropeltis triangulum celaenops  New Mexico milk snake Colubridae
Lampropeltis triangulum gentilis  Central Plains milk snake Colubridae
Leptodeira septentrionalis  northern cat-eyed snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Liodytes rigida  Gulf crayfish snake Colubridae
Masticophis flagellum flagellum  eastern coachwhip Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Masticophis flagellum testaceus  western coachwhip Colubridae
Masticophis schotti schotti  Schott's whipsnake Colubridae
Masticophis schotti ruthveni  Ruthven's whipsnake Colubridae
Masticophis taeniatus girardi  Central Texas whipsnake Colubridae
Masticophis taeniatus taeniatus  desert striped whipsnake Colubridae
Nerodia clarkii  salt marsh snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Nerodia clarkii clarkii  Gulf salt marsh snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Nerodia cyclopion  Mississippi green water snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Nerodia erythrogaster erythrogaster  red-bellied water snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Nerodia erythrogaster transversa  blotched water snake Colubridae
Nerodia fasciata confluens  broad-banded water snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Nerodia fasciata pictiventris  Florida water snake Colubridae
Nerodia harteri  Brazos Water Snake Colubridae IUCN (NT)
Texas (T)
Nerodia paucimaculata  Concho water snake Colubridae IUCN (NT)
Texas (T)
Nerodia rhombifer  Diamondback water snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Opheodrys aestivus  rough green snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Opheodrys vernalis  smooth green snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Pituophis catenifer affinis  Sonoran gopher snake Colubridae
Pituophis catenifer sayi  bull snake Colubridae
Pituophis ruthveni  Louisiana pine snake Colubridae IUCN (EN)
Texas (T)
Regina grahamii  Graham's crayfish snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus  Texas longnose snake Colubridae
Salvadora deserticola  Big Bend patchnose snake Colubridae Texas (T)
Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae  mountain patchnose snake Colubridae
Salvadora grahamiae lineata  Texas patchnose snake Colubridae
Sonora semiannulata  ground snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Storeria dekayi limnetes  marsh brown snake Colubridae
Storeria dekayi texana  Texas brown snake Colubridae
Storeria occipitomaculata  redbelly snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Tantilla atriceps  Mexican blackhead snake Colubridae
Tantilla cucullata  Big Bend blackhead snake Colubridae
Tantilla gracilis  flathead snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Tantilla hobartsmithi  southwestern blackhead snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Tantilla nigriceps  Plains blackhead snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Thamnophis cyrtopsis cyrtopsis  blackneck garter snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Thamnophis marcianus  checkered garter snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Thamnophis proximus diabolicus  arid land ribbon snake Colubridae
Thamnophis proximus orarius  Gulf Coast ribbon snake Colubridae
Thamnophis proximus proximus  western ribbon snake Colubridae
Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus  redstripe ribbon snake Colubridae
Thamnophis radix  Plains garter snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Thamnophis sirtalis annectens  Texas garter snake Colubridae
Thamnophis sirtalis dorsalis  New Mexico garter snake Colubridae
Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis  common garter snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Trimorphodon vilkinsonii  Texas lyre snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Tropidoclonion lineatum texanum  Texas lined snake Colubridae
Virginia valeriae  smooth earth snake Colubridae IUCN (LC)
Family: Elapidae
(elapids)
Micrurus tener  Texas coral snake Elapidae IUCN (LC)
Family: Viperidae
(vipers)
Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix  southern copperhead Viperidae  IUCN (LC)
Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus  broad-banded copperhead Viperidae 
Agkistrodon contortrix pictigaster  Trans-Pecos copperhead Viperidae 
Agkistrodon piscivorus leucostoma  western cottonmouth Viperidae 
Crotalus atrox  western diamondback rattlesnake Viperidae  IUCN (LC)
Crotalus horridus  timber rattlesnake Viperidae  IUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Crotalus lepidus klauberi  banded rock rattlesnake Viperidae 
Crotalus lepidus lepidus  Mottled rock rattlesnake Viperidae  IUCN (LC)
Crotalus molossus molossus  northern blacktail rattlesnake Viperidae  IUCN (LC)
Crotalus scutulatus  Mojave rattlesnake Viperidae  IUCN (LC)
Crotalus viridis viridis  prairie rattlesnake Viperidae  IUCN (LC)
Sistrurus catenatus edwardsii  desert massasauga Viperidae 
Sistrurus catenatus tergeminus  western massasauga Viperidae 
Sistrurus miliarius streckeri  western pigmy rattlesnake Viperidae 

Turtles

Order: Testudines
Picture Scientific name Common name Family Conservation status
Family: Cheloniidae
(marine turtles)
Caretta caretta loggerhead sea turtle Cheloniidae IUCN (VU)
Texas (T)
Chelonia mydas  green turtle Cheloniidae IUCN (EN)
Texas (T)
Eretmochelys imbricata  hawksbill sea turtle Cheloniidae IUCN (CR)
Texas (E)
Lepidochelys kempii  Atlantic Ridley Cheloniidae IUCN (CR)
Texas (E)
Family: Dermochelidae
(leatherback sea turtles)
Dermochelys coriacea  leatherback sea turtle Dermochelidae  IUCN (VU)
Texas (E)
Family: Kinosternidae
(mud and musk turtles)
Kinosternon flavescens  yellow mud turtle Kinosternidae  IUCN (LC)
Kinosternon hirtipes  rough-footed mud turtle Kinosternidae  IUCN (LC)
Kinosternon subrubrum hippocrepis  Mississippi mud turtle Kinosternidae 
Sternotherus carinatus  razorback musk turtle Kinosternidae 
Sternotherus odoratus  common musk turtle Kinosternidae  IUCN (LC)
Family: Emydidae
(water and box turtles)
Chrysemys picta bellii  western painted turtle Emydidae  IUCN (LC)
Chrysemys picta dorsalis  southern painted turtle Emydidae  IUCN (LC)
Deirochelys reticularia  chicken turtle Emydidae 
Graptemys caglei  Cagle's map turtle Emydidae  IUCN (EN)
Graptemys ouachitensis  Oachita map turtle Emydidae  IUCN (LC)
Graptemys pseudogeographica  false map turtle Emydidae  IUCN (LC)
Graptemys versa  Texas map turtle Emydidae  IUCN (LC)
Malaclemys terrapin  diamondback terrapin Emydidae  IUCN (VU)
Pseudemys concinna concinna  Eastern river cooter Emydidae 
Pseudemys gorzugi  Rio Grande cooter Emydidae  IUCN (NT)
Pseudemys texana  Texas river cooter Emydidae  IUCN (LC)
Terrapene carolina carolina  eastern box turtle Emydidae  IUCN (VU)
Terrapene ornata luteola  desert box turtle Emydidae 
Terrapene ornata ornata  ornate box turtle Emydidae  IUCN (NT)
Trachemys gaigeae  Big Bend slider Emydidae  IUCN (VU)
Trachemys scripta elegans  red-eared slider Emydidae 
Family: Chelydridae
(snapping turtles)
Chelydra serpentina  common snapping turtle Chelydridae  IUCN (LC)
Macrochelys temminckii  alligator snapping turtle Chelydridae  IUCN (VU)
Family: Trionychidae
(softshell turtles)
Apalone mutica  smooth softshell turtle Trionychidae IUCN (LC)
Apalone spinifera emoryi  Texas spiny softshell turtle Trionychidae
Apalone spinifera guadalupensis  Guadalupe spiny softshell turtle Trionychidae
Apalone spinifera hartwegi  western spiny softshell turtle Trionychidae
Apalone spinifera pallida  Pallid spiny softshell turtle Trionychidae
Family: Testudinidae
(gopher tortoises)
Gopherus berlandieri  Texas tortoise Testudinidae IUCN (LC)
Texas (T)

See also

  • List of Texas amphibians

References

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