List of retired South Pacific cyclone names
Tropical cyclones are non-frontal, low-pressure systems that develop, within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures and little vertical wind shear aloft.[1] Within the South Pacific, names are assigned from a pre-determined list, to such systems, once they reach or exceed ten-minute sustained wind speeds of 65 km/h (40 mph), near the center, by either the Fiji Meteorological Service or New Zealand's MetService.[1] Within the South Pacific, tropical cyclones have been officially named since the 1964–65 South Pacific cyclone season, though a few meteorological papers show that a few tropical cyclones were named before 1964–65.[2][3][4] The names of significant tropical cyclones that have caused a high amount of damage and/or caused a significant number of deaths are retired from the lists of tropical cyclone names by the World Meteorological Organization's RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee at their bi-annual meeting.[1]
![](../I/Winston_2016-02-20_0130Z_(cropped).jpg.webp)
Within the South Pacific, there have been a total of 103 tropical cyclone names retired, with the 1990s having the most retired tropical cyclone names. The most intense tropical cyclone to have its name retired was Winston, which had an estimated peak pressure of 884 hPa (26.1 inHg). The deadliest tropical cyclone to have its name retired was Severe Tropical Cyclone Namu, which caused over 100 deaths, when it affected the Solomon Islands in May 1986. The most damaging system was Yasi which caused over US$2.5 billion in damage to Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, and Australia in January and February 2011.
Background
Within the region the credit for the first usage of personal names for weather systems, is generally given to the Queensland Government Meteorologist Clement Wragge, who named systems between 1887 and 1907.[5] Wragge used names drawn from the letters of the Greek alphabet, Greek and Roman mythology and female names, to describe weather systems over Australia, New Zealand and the Antarctic.[5] After the new Australian government had failed to create a federal weather bureau and appoint him director, Wragge started naming cyclones after political figures.[6] This system of naming weather systems subsequently fell into disuse for several years after Wragge retired, until it was revived in the region, by the New Caledonia Meteorological Office during the 1958–59 cyclone season.[5][7] During the 1963–64 cyclone season the Australian Bureau of Meteorology started to use female names for tropical cyclones that occurred within the Australian region, before the New Zealand Meteorological Service's Fiji office also started using female names for tropical cyclones within the South Pacific during the 1969–70 cyclone season.[5][7] During the International Women's Year of 1975 the NZMS decided to incorporate male names into the naming lists for the South Pacific, following a request from the Fiji National Council of Women who considered the practice discrimination.[5] At around the same time the Australian Science Minister ordered that tropical cyclones, within the Australian region should carry both men's and women's names.[5] This was because the minister thought "that both sexes should bear the odium of the devastation caused by cyclones."[5] As a result, male names were added to the lists of names for both basins, ahead of the 1975–76 season.[5][8]
Later that decade as the dual sex naming of tropical cyclones started in the Northern Hemisphere, the NZMS looked at adding ethnic Pacific names to the naming lists rather than the European names that were currently used.[5] As a result of the many languages and cultures in the Pacific there was a lot of discussion surrounding this matter, with one name "Oni" being dropped as it meant the end of the world in one language.[5] One proposal suggested that cyclones be named from the country nearest to which they formed, however, this was dropped when it was realized that a cyclone might be less destructive in its formative stage than later in its development.[5] Eventually it was decided to throw names from all over the South Pacific into a pot at a training course, where each course member provided a list of names that were short, easily pronounced, culturally acceptable throughout the Pacific and did not contain any idiosyncrasies.[5] These names were then collated, edited for suitability before being cross-checked with the group for acceptability.[5] It was intended that the four lists of names should be alphabetical with alternative male and female names while using only ethnic names, however, it was not possible to complete the lists using only ethnic names so some European names were added in.[5] As a result, there was a scattering of European names in the final naming lists, which have been used by the Fiji Meteorological Service and NZMS since the 1980–81 season.[5]
The practice of retiring significant names was started during 1955 by the United States Weather Bureau in the Northern Atlantic basin, after hurricanes Carol, Edna, and Hazel struck the Northeastern United States and caused a significant amount of damage in the previous year.[9] Initially the names were only designed to be retired for ten years after which they might be reintroduced, however, it was decided at the 1969 Interdepartmental hurricane conference, that any significant hurricane in the future would have its name permanently retired.[9][10] The first tropical cyclone name to be removed in the South Pacific, was Rosie after it had impacted Vanuatu and New Caledonia during 1971.[1] Several names have been removed from the Pacific naming lists for various other reasons than causing a significant amount of death/destruction, which include being pronounced in a very similar way to other names and political reasons.[11][12]
Systems
Name | Dates active | Peak classification | Sustained wind speeds |
Pressure | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rosie | December 30, 1970 – January 4, 1971 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand | Minor | None | [13][14] |
Vivienne | December 17 – 19, 1971 | Category 1 tropical cyclone | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | French Polynesia | None | None | [15] |
Carlotta | January 8 – 26, 1972 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Solomon Islands, New Caledonia Vanuatu | Unknown | 4 | [13][16] |
Wendy | January 23 – February 9, 1972 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | New Caledonia, Vanuatu | Unknown | 4 | [13][17] |
Agatha | March 27 – 29, 1972 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Cook Islands | Unknown | None | |
Bebe | October 19 – 28, 1972 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | Fiji, Tuvalu | $20 million | 24 | [18][19] |
Lottie | December 5 – 12, 1973 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | Moderate | 80 | [20][21] |
Tina | April 24 – 28, 1974 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | Minor | None | [21] |
Alison | March 4 – 12, 1975 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | New Caledonia, New Zealand Vanuatu | $1 million | None | [22] |
Elsa | January 21 – 26, 1976 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | New Caledonia, Vanuatu | None | None | [13] |
Marion | January 12 – 21, 1977 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Vanuatu | Unknown | None | |
Robert | April 16 – 22, 1977 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | French Polynesia | Unknown | None | |
Bob | January 31 – February 12, 1978 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | Fiji, New Caledonia Vanuatu, New Zealand | Moderate | 1 | [23] |
Charles | February 14 – 28, 1978 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | Samoan Islands | Unknown | None | |
Diana | February 15 – 22, 1978 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | French Polynesia | Unknown | None | |
Fay | December 27 – 31, 1978 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Fiji | Moderate | None | [23] |
Gordon | January 4 – 12, 1979 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Australia, New Caledonia Vanuatu | Severe | None | [13] |
Kerry | February 13 – March 6, 1979 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | Australia, Solomon Islands | Unknown | 4 | [16] |
Meli | March 24 – 31, 1979 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | Fiji | Severe | 53 | [23] |
Wally | April 2 – 7, 1980 | Category 1 tropical cyclone | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Fiji | $2.26 million | 18 | [23][17] |
Tahmar | March 8 – 13, 1981 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | French Polynesia | Unknown | None | |
Gyan | December 18 – 29, 1981 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Vanuatu | Unknown | None | |
Isaac | February 27 – March 5, 1982 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Tonga | $10 million | 6 | [24][25] |
Joti | October 31 – November 7, 1982 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Vanuatu | Minor | None | [26][27] [28] |
Lisa | December 10 – 18, 1982 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Cook Islands | Unknown | None | |
Mark | January 21 – February 1, 1983 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Fiji | Unknown | None | |
Oscar | February 26 – March 6, 1983 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | Fiji | $130 million | 9 | [23][29] |
Veena | April 8 – 14, 1983 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | French Polynesia | Unknown | None | |
Eric | January 12 – 20, 1985 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Fiji, Vanautu | $40 million | 9 | [23][30] |
Ima | February 5 – 16, 1986 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Cook Islands | Unknown | None | |
Namu | May 16 – 22, 1986 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Solomon Islands | $10 million | 111 | [31] |
Raja | December 21, 1986 – January 5, 1987 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga, Tuvalu Wallis and Futuna | $14 million | 2 | [30][32] |
Sally | December 26, 1986 – January 5, 1987 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Cook Islands, French Polynesia | $24.6 million | None | [33] |
Tusi | January 13 – 21, 1987 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | American Samoa | $24 million | None | [34] |
Uma | February 4 – 8, 1987 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Vanuatu | $150 million | 50 | [4][35] |
Anne | January 5 – 14, 1988 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | New Caledonia, Vanuatu | $500 thousand | 2 | [36][37] |
Bola | February 24 – March 4, 1988 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Fiji, New Zealand, Vanuatu | $87 million | 3 | [36][38] |
Harry | February 8 – 19, 1989 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | New Caledonia | Unknown | None | |
Lili | April 7 – 11, 1989 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | New Caledonia, Solomon Islands Vanuatu | Unknown | None | |
Ofa | January 27 – February 10, 1990 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | American Samoa, Niue, Samoa Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu | $187 million | 8 | [17][39][40] |
Peni | February 12 – 18, 1990 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | Cook Islands $1 million | 1 | [41] | |
Sina | November 20 – December 4, 1990 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | Fiji, Niue, Southern Cook Islands Tonga | $18.5 million | None | [42] |
Tia | November 13 – 21, 1991 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | Solomon Islands, Vanuatu | Minimal | None | [43] |
Val | December 4 – 17, 1991 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | American Samoa, Cook Islands Samoa, Tonga, Tokelau Tuvalu, Wallis and Futuna | $330 million | 16 | [44][45] |
Wasa | December 4 – 18, 1991 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | French Polynesia | $60 million | 2 | [44][46] |
Betsy | January 4 – 15, 1992 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Vanuatu | $2 million | 2 | [36][47] |
Esau | February 24 – March 7, 1992 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Vanuatu | Minimal | 1 | [37][48] |
Fran | March 4 – 17, 1992 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 205 km/h (125 mph) | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | Fiji, New Caledonia, Queensland Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna | $1 million | None | [49] |
Joni | December 3 – 13, 1992 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Fiji, Tuvalu | $1.6 million | 1 | [50][51] |
Kina | December 26, 1992 – January 6, 1993 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (95 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | $110 million | 26 | [24][50] |
Prema | March 26 – April 6, 1993 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | New Caledonia, Vanuatu | $50 million | 1 | [36] |
Rewa | December 26, 1993 – January 23, 1994 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 205 km/h (125 mph) | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | New Caledonia, New Zealand Papua New Guinea, Queensland Solomon Islands, Vanuatu | Unknown | 22 | |
William | December 30, 1994 – January 5, 1995 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Cook Islands, French Polynesia | $2.5 million | None | [52] |
Beti | March 21 – 28, 1996 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | Australia, New Caledonia New Zealand, Vanuatu | $5.3 million | 2 | [36][53][54] |
Drena | January 3 – 10, 1997 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | New Caledonia, New Zealand Vanuatu | Unknown | None | [55] |
Gavin | March 3 – 12, 1997 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Fiji, Tuvalu, Wallis and Futuna | $18.3 million | 18 | [50][55][56] |
Hina | March 13 – 18, 1997 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga, Tuvalu Wallis and Futuna | $15.2 million | None | [55][57] |
Keli | June 7 – 17, 1997 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (95 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Tuvulu, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna | $10 thousand | None | [58] |
Martin | October 27 – November 5, 1997 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | Cook Islands, French Polynesia | $17.6 million | 28 | [59][60] [61] |
Osea | November 24 – 28, 1997 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (95 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | Cook Islands, French Polynesia | Unknown | None | [59] |
Ron | January 2 – 8, 1998 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | Niue, Tokelau, Tonga | $566 thousand | None | [24][53][59][62] |
Susan | December 20, 1997 – January 9, 1998 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu | Minor | 1 | [59][63] |
Tui | January 25 – 27, 1998 | Category 1 tropical cyclone | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Samoan islands | $1 million | 1 | [53][59] |
Ursula | January 30 – February 1, 1998 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | French Polynesia | Minor | None | [59] |
Veli | February 1 – 3, 1998 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | French Polynesia | Minor | None | [59] |
Cora | December 23 – 28, 1998 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | Tonga | $12 million | None | [24][64] |
Dani | January 15 – 22, 1999 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Fiji, New Caledonia, Vanuatu | $2 million | 14 | [53][64][65] |
Frank | February 18 – 21, 1999 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (95 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | New Caledonia | Unknown | None | [64] |
Kim | February 23 – 29, 2000 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | French Polynesia | Minimal | None | [66][67] |
Paula | February 26 – March 4, 2001 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga, Vanuatu | $1.39 million | 2 | [53][68] |
Sose | April 5 – 11, 2001 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Australia, New Caledonia, Vanuatu | Unknown | 4 | [68] |
Trina | November 29 – December 3, 2001 | Category 1 tropical cyclone | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Cook Islands | $52 thousand | None | [69][70] |
Waka | December 19, 2001 – January 2, 2002 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Tonga, Wallis and Futuna | $51.3 million | 1 | [24][53][69] |
Zoe | December 23, 2002 – January 1, 2003 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 240 km/h (150 mph) | 890 hPa (26.28 inHg) | Solomon Islands, Vanuatu | Severe | None | [71][72] |
Ami | January 9 – 15, 2003 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga, Tuvalu | $65 million | 14 | [53][72][73] |
Beni | January 25 – February 5, 2003 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 205 km/h (125 mph) | 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) | Australia, New Caledonia Solomon Islands, Vanuatu | $1 million | 1 | [53][72][74] |
Cilla | January 27 – 29, 2003 | Category 1 tropical cyclone | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Tonga | Unknown | None | [72] |
Heta | December 25, 2003 – January 8, 2004 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 215 km/h (130 mph) | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | American Samoa, Niue, Samoa Tonga, Wallis and Futuna | $225 million | 3 | [17][53] [75][76][77] |
Ivy | February 21 – March 2, 2004 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | Vanuatu | $8 million | 2 | [36][53][75][78] |
Meena | February 1 – 8, 2005 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 215 km/h (130 mph) | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | Cook Islands | Severe | None | [79][80] |
Nancy | February 10 – 17, 2005 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Cook Islands | Severe | None | [80] |
Olaf | February 10 – 20, 2005 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | American Samoa, Cook Islands Samoa | $10.2 million | 9 | [81][17][82] |
Percy | February 24 – March 5, 2005 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) | American Samoa, Cook Islands Samoa, Tokelau | $52 thousand | None | [82][83] |
Cliff | April 1 – 6, 2007 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | $4 million | 1 | [84] |
Daman | December 2 – 10, 2008 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | $330 thousand | None | [84] |
Funa | January 14 – 21, 2008 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Vanuatu | Severe | None | [84] |
Gene | January 25 – February 9, 2008 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | Fiji | $35 million | 8 | [84][85] |
Mick | December 3 – 15, 2009 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Fiji | $33 million | 3 | [86][87] |
Oli | January 29 – February 7, 2010 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Cook Islands, French Polynesia | $70 million | 1 | [17][88] |
Pat | February 6 – 11, 2010 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | Cook Islands | $13.7 million | None | [89] |
Tomas | March 9 – 17, 2010 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | Wallis and Futuna, Fiji | $45 million | 3 | [90] |
Ului | March 9 – 21, 2010 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 215 km/h (130 mph) | 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) | Australia, Solomon Islands Vanuatu | $72 million | 1 | [91][92][93] |
Vania | January 5 – 15, 2011 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | New Caledonia, Vanuatu | $11 million | None | [94] |
Wilma | January 19 – 28, 2011 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | American Samoa, Fiji, Samoa Tonga, New Zealand | $22 million | 3 | [95][96] |
Yasi | January 26 – February 7, 2011 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 215 km/h (130 mph) | 929 hPa (27.43 inHg) | Australia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Vanuatu | $2.5 billion | 1 | [17] |
Atu | February 13 – 24, 2011 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 937 hPa (27.67 inHg) | New Caledonia, Vanuatu | Unknown | None | |
Evan | December 9 – 19, 2012 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 943 hPa (27.85 inHg) | Fiji, Samoa, American Samoa Wallis and Futuna | $161 million | 4 | |
Freda | December 26, 2012 – January 4, 2013 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) | Solomon Islands, New Caledonia | Unknown | 2 | [97] |
Ian | January 2 – 15, 2014 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 205 km/h (125 mph) | 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga | $4.3 million | 1 | [98][99] |
Lusi | March 7 –14, 2014 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | Fiji, New Caledonia New Zealand, Vanuatu | $3 million | 10 | [100] |
Pam | March 6 – 15, 2015 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 250 km/h (155 mph) | 896 hPa (26.46 inHg) | Fiji, Kiribati, New Caledonia New Zealand, Solomon Islands Tuvalu, Vanuatu | $360 million | 16 | [101] |
Ula | December 26, 2015 – January 12, 2016 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | American Samoa, Fiji New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga Tuvalu, Vanuatu | Unknown | 1 | |
Winston | February 7 – 25, 2016 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 280 km/h (175 mph) | 884 hPa (26.10 inHg) | Fiji, Niue, Tonga, Vanuatu | $1.4 billion | 44 | [102][103] |
Cook | April 6 – 11, 2017 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 961 hPa (28.38 inHg) | Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand | Moderate | 1 | [104] |
Donna | May 1 – 10, 2017 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 205 km/h (125 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji New Caledonia, New Zealand | Significant | 2 | [105][106][107] |
Gita | February 3 – 19, 2018 | Category 5 severe tropical cyclone | 205 km/h (125 mph) | 927 hPa (27.37 inHg) | Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Samoa American Samoa, Niue, Tonga New Caledonia, New Zealand | $225 million | 2 | [108] |
Josie | March 29 – April 2, 2018 | Category 1 tropical cyclone | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga | $5 million | 6 | |
Keni | April 5 – 11, 2018 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga | $5 million | None | |
Pola | February 23 – March 2, 2019 | Category 4 severe tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | Wallis and Futuna, Fiji, Tonga | |||
Sarai | December 23, 2019 – January 2, 2020 | Category 2 tropical cyclone | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 972 hPa (28.70 inHg) | Fiji, Tonga, Niue, southern Cook Islands | $2.3 million | 2 | |
Tino | January 11 – 20, 2020 | Category 3 severe tropical cyclone | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | Fiji, Niue, Solomon Islands Samoan Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu | $5.83 million | 2 (missing) | |
[nb 1] |
See also
References
- RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee (October 8, 2020). Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-East Indian Ocean and the Southern Pacific Ocean 2020 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. pp. I-4–II-9 (9–21). Retrieved October 10, 2020.
- Terry, James P. (2007). "3.4". Tropical cyclones: climatology and impacts in the South Pacific. Springer. pp. 30–31. ISBN 978-0-387-71542-1.
- Callaghan, Jeff (August 12, 2004). "Tropical Cyclone Impacts along the Australian east coast from November to April 1858–2000" (PDF). Bureau of Meteorology. Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
- Tropical cyclones in Vanuatu: 1847 to 1994 (Report). Vanuatu Meteorological Service. May 19, 1994. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 18, 2010. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
- Smith, Ray (1990). "What's in a Name?" (PDF). Weather and Climate. The Meteorological Society of New Zealand. 10 (1): 24–26. doi:10.2307/44279572. JSTOR 44279572. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 29, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
- Landsea, Christopher W; Dorst, Neal M (June 1, 2014). "Subject: Tropical Cyclone Names: B1) How are tropical cyclones named?". Tropical Cyclone Frequently Asked Question. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Hurricane Research Division. Archived from the original on June 7, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
- Kerr, Ian S (March 1, 1976). "Tropical Storms and Hurricanes in the southwest Pacific: November 1939 to May 1969" (PDF). New Zealand Meteorological Service. pp. 23–28. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 11, 2013. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
- "Sex-Shift in Australia: A Cyclone Named 'Alan'". New York Times. Reuters. September 30, 1975. – via New York Times (subscription required)
- Dorst, Neal; Hurricane Research Division (October 23, 2012). "They Called the Wind Mahina: The History of Naming Cyclones". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. Slides 8–72.
- "It's time (June) to match for Anna...". The Daily Gleaner. Kingston, Jamaica. Reuters. June 1, 1969. p. 2. – via The Newspaper Archive (subscription required)
- RA IV Hurricane Committee (May 30, 2013). "Chapter 9: Tropical Cyclone Names" (PDF). Regional Association IV: Hurricane Operational Plan 2013. World Meteorological Organization. pp. 98–99. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
- Landsea, Christopher W; Dorst, Neal (June 20, 2014). "Subject: B3) What storm names have been retired?". Tropical Cyclone Frequently Asked Questions. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 21, 2014.
- "Tropical cyclones in Vanuatu: 1939 to 1989" (PDF). Vanuatu Meteorological Service. February 19, 1991. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 13, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
- "1970 Tropical Cyclone (Storm) Rosie (1970364S15165)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- "1971 Tropical Cyclone (Gale) Vivienne (1971350S14194)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- Radford, Deirdre A; Blong, Russell J (1992). Natural Disasters in the Solomon Islands (PDF). Volume 1 (2 ed.). The Australian International Development Assistance Bureau. pp. 85–88, 96–101. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 6, 2013. Retrieved September 24, 2014.
- Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. "EM-DAT: The Emergency Events Database". Université catholique de Louvain.
- Australian Bureau of Meteorology (1973). "Appendix A – Cyclones just outside the Australian region. Hurricane "Bebe"". Tropical Cyclones in the Northern Australian Regions. Australian Government Publishing Service. pp. 92–96.
- Wilson, Elwyn E (January 1973). "October Hurricane Clobbers Fiji". Mariners Weather Log. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 17 (1): 19–20.
- http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnaea404.pdf
- Campbell, John R (1984). Dealing with disaster: hurricane response in Fiji (PDF). p. 196. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 23, 2014. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
- Bell, D. H. (1976). "High intensity rainstorms and geological hazards: Cyclone Alison, March 1975, Kaikoura, New Zealand". Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology. Springer. 13 (1): 189–200. doi:10.1007/BF02634795. ISSN 1435-9529.
- Summary of cyclones affecting Fiji 1977 – 1987 (incl) (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 25, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
- Terry, James P (2007). "5 – Meteorological Conditions". Tropical cyclones: Climatology and impacts in the South Pacific. pp. 52, 63–64. ISBN 9780387715421.
- Woodroffe, Colin D. (1983). "The Impact of Cyclone Isaac on the Coast of Tonga". Pacific Science. University of Hawaii. 37 (3): 181–210. hdl:10125/675. ISSN 0030-8870.
- Browne, M.L. (November 24, 1982). Tropical Cyclone Joti Preliminary Report (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service.
- Smales, Angus, ed. (December 1, 1982). "Cyclone Jodie visits Vanuatu". Pacific Islands Monthly. Pacific Publications. 53 (12).
- Knapp, Kenneth R; Kruk, Michael C; Levinson, David H; Diamond, Howard J; Neumann, Charles J. 1983 Joti (1982304S10171). The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data (Report). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
- Costello, D. (December 30, 1986). "Fiji prepares for worst as cyclone heads for coast". Courier-Mail.
- Laisenia, Tui (July 3, 2010). "Disaster Risk Management Risk — Fiji" (PDF). Fiji National Disaster Management Office. Sentinel Asia. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 15, 2012. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
- "Solomon Islands Cyclone Namu May 1986 UNDRO Situation Reports 1–8". United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs. ReliefWeb. May 21, 1986. Retrieved August 7, 2009.
- Krishna, Ram (January 22, 1987). Tropical Cyclone Report 87/1: Tropical Cyclone Raja (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service.
- Kishore, Satya (March 26, 1987). "Tropical cyclone report: 87/5: Tropical Cyclone Sally" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 1, 2011. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
- Laidlaw, Michael R (February 17, 1987). Tropical Cyclone Report: 87/4: Tropical Cyclone Tusi (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 1, 2011. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
- "A Special Submission to the UN Committee for Development Policy on Vanuatu's LDC Status A" (PDF). The Government of Vanuatu. United Nations. March 4, 2009. pp. 8–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2010. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
- Report of the WMO Post-Tropical Cyclone "Pam" Expert Mission to Vanuatu (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. p. 22.
- New Caledonia Meteorological Office. "Phénomènes ayant le plus durement touché la Nouvelle-Calédonie: De 1880 à nos jours: Anne" [Phenomena having the hardest hit New Caledonia: From 1880 to the present: Anne]. Météo-France. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
- O'Loughlin, Colin L (1991). "Priority Setting for Government Investment in Forestry Conservation Schemes — An Example from New Zealand" (PDF). USDA Forest Service. Retrieved June 11, 2008.
- Prasad, Rajendra (May 3, 1990). Tropical Cyclone Report 90/4: Tropical Cyclone Ofa, January 31 – February 7, 1990 (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 13, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
- Tanner, Roger W; Miller, Vince (eds.). "Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: February 1990" (PDF). 32 (2). United States National Climatic Data Center: 101. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 13, 2013. Retrieved March 13, 2013. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - Prasad, Rajendra (July 3, 1992). Tropical Cyclone Report 90/6: Tropical Cyclone Sina, November 24 – 30, 1990 (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 19, 2013. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
- Ward, Graham F.A (1992). Tropical Cyclone Report 92/3: Tropical Cyclone Tia, November 14 - 21, 1991 (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on March 5, 2013. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
- Gill, Jonathan P. (September 3, 1994). "The South Pacific and south-east Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclone Season 1991–92" (PDF). Australian Meteorological Magazine. Australian Bureau of Meteorology (43): 181–192.
- Fairbairn, T. (1997). The economic impact of natural disasters in the South Pacific with special reference to Fiji, Western Samoa, Niue, and Papua New Guinea (PDF). South Pacific Disaster Reduction Program. ISBN 982-364-001-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- Prince, Al (1992). "Havoc in French Polynesia". Pacific Islands Monthly. 62: 39. ISSN 0030-8722.
- "Tropical Cyclone Betsy". Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on September 16, 2010. Retrieved September 16, 2010.
- Tropical Cyclone Esau, February 24 - March 7 (Tropical Cyclone Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on April 22, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
- "1992 Tropical Cyclone Fran (1992064S10184)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- Summary of Major Disasters in Fiji: 1985 – March 2010 (Report). Fiji National Disaster Management Office. July 9, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 5, 2015. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
- Tropical Cyclone Joni, December 3–14, 1992 (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. May 20, 1996. Archived from the original on December 5, 2015. Retrieved December 5, 2015.
- Barr, Joe (September 17, 2008). "Event Information: Tropical Cyclone William". Pacific Disaster.Net. Archived from the original on June 2, 2011. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
- McKenzie, Emily; Prasad, Binman; Kaloumaira, Atu (2005). "Economic Impact of Natural Disasters on development in the Pacific Volume 1: Research Report" (PDF). South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission. pp. 10–89. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 25, 2010. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
- Callaghan, Jeff (December 4, 1997). "The South Pacific and Southeast Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclone Season 1995–96" (PDF). Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Journal. Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 46: 325–339. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
- Hanstrum, B.N.; Reader, G (September 3, 1999). "The South Pacific and Southeast Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season 1996–97" (PDF). Australian Meteorological Magazine. 48 (3): 197–210. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- Kersemakers, Mark (May 22, 2009) [April 4, 1998]. Tropical Cyclone Gavin: March 2 — 11, 1997 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report 96/7). Fiji Meteorological Service. pp. 1–11, 21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2013. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
- Prasad, Vikash R; RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (March 4, 1998). Tropical Cyclone Hina: March 13 – 16, 1997 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report: 96/8). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 4, 2013. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
- McKenzie, Emily; Prasad, Biman; Kaloumaira, Atu (March 17, 2006). "Tool One: Guidelines for estimating the economic impact of natural disasters" (PDF). The University of the South Pacific, South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission. Australian Agency for International Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 30, 2009. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (August 29, 2007). "Tropical Cyclone Season Summary 1997–98" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 1, 2010. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
- "Coroner confirms Cyclone Martin Victims". Cook Islands Government. June 20, 2007. Archived from the original on August 1, 2010. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
- Project completion report on the cyclone emergency rehabilitation project (Loan 1588-COO[SF]) in the Cook Islands (PDF) (Report). Asian Development Bank. November 29, 2000. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 31, 2007. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- "1998 Tropical Cyclone Ron (1998001S09195)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- "1997 Tropical Cyclone SUSAN (1997355S05189)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (1999). RSMC Nadi Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary 1998–99 (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 1, 2010. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
- "Tropical Cyclones Reducing Vulnerability of Pacific ACP States Natural Hazards in the Pacific — Fact sheet 1". South Pacific Applied Geo-science Commission. November 7, 2006. Archived from the original on August 1, 2010. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (2000). "RSMC Nadi Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary 1999-00" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 1, 2010. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
- Padgett, Gary (2000). "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary February 2000". Australian Severe Weather. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved December 5, 2010.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (2001). "RSMC Nadi Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary 2000–01" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 28, 2010. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (2002). "RSMC Nadi Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary 2001–02" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 29, 2010. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
- http://reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/ACOS-64BUTH?OpenDocument&rc=5&emid=ST-2001-0659-COK
- "2002 Tropical Cyclone Zoe (2002358S08185)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre. "Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary 2002–03" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-27. Retrieved 2010-06-27.
- Méheux, Kirstie (November 7, 2007). "An Evaluation of Participatory Damage Assessment Policy and Practice in Fiji" (PDF). Island Vulnerability. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 26, 2010. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
- "2002 Tropical Cyclone Beni (2003021S10163)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (2005). "RSMC Nadi Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary 2003–04" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 27, 2010. Retrieved July 27, 2010.
- Unattributed (2003). "Storm events for American Samoa: Severe Tropical Cyclone Heta". National Climatic Data Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on July 31, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- "2003 Tropical Cyclone Heta (2003359S15177)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- Unattributed (November 11, 2004). "Catastrophe Insurance pilot project, Port Vila Vanuatu: developing risk-management options for disasters in the Pacific Region" (PDF). South Pacific Applied Geo-science Commission. p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 31, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- "2005 Tropical Cyclone Meena (2005032S14195)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (2005). "RSMC Nadi Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary 2004–05" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 27, 2010. Retrieved July 27, 2010.
- "2005 Tropical Cyclone Olaf (2005041S13181)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- Angel, William; Hinson, Stuart; Herndon, Rhonda (eds.). "Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena: February 2005" (PDF). 47 (3): 228. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 19, 2015. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - "2005 Tropical Cyclone Percy (2005054S09173)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (August 12, 2009). "Tropical cyclone season summary 2006–07 and 2007–08" (PDF). Fiji Meteorological Service. World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 18, 2010. Retrieved July 27, 2010.
- Fiji National Disaster Management Council (July 2, 2008). Tropical Cyclone Gene (National Task Force Report). Fiji Government. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- McGree, Simon; Yeo, Stephen W.; Devi, Swastika (December 16, 2010). Flooding in the Fiji Islands between 1840 and 2009 (PDF) (Report). Risk Frontiers. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 26, 2014. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
- Fiji National Disaster Management Council (January 8, 2010). Tropical Cyclone Mick Damages Assessments, Response & Relief Actions and Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Recommendations (PDF) (Report). Ministry of Provincial Development & National Disaster Management. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 17, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- "Cyclone Oli estimated to have caused US$11m worth of damage". Radio New Zealand International. February 8, 2010. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
- Cyclone Pat Recovery and Reconstruction Plan 2010–2011 (PDF). Government of the Cook Islands (Report). ReliefWeb. March 4, 2010. Retrieved April 25, 2015.
- Fiji National Disaster Management Council (June 1, 2010). Tropical Cyclone Tomas Damages Assessments, Response & Relief Actions and Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Recommendations (PDF) (Report). Ministry of Provincial Development & National Disaster Management. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 17, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- Queensland Regional Office (2010). "Tropical Cyclone Ului Impacts". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on January 17, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
- "2010 Tropical Cyclone Ului (2010070S15168)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/ului.shtml
- "Lengthy repair expected for New Caledonia roads after Vania". Radio New Zealand. January 21, 2011. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
- Staff Writer (January 24, 2011). "Cyclone Wilma blows over Samoa, strengthening en route to Fiji". Honolulu Star Advertiser. Retrieved January 24, 2011.
- Unattributed (January 27, 2011). "Samoan flood deaths could have been avoided — disaster official". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on January 29, 2011. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
- "Body of missing New Caledonia teenager found". Radio New Zealand International. January 7, 2013. Retrieved March 23, 2013.
- "2014 Tropical Cyclone Ian (2014004S17183)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- https://www.webcitation.org/6b4iwK2Wo?url=http://www.met.gov.fj/Summary2.pdf
- At least three dead as Tropical Cyclone Lusi intensifies (Australia Network News, March 12, 2014)
- "2015 Tropical Cyclone Pam (2015066S08170)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- "2016 Tropical Cyclone Winston (2016041S14170)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- Fiji Annual Climate Summary 2016 (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. 2017. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 1, 2017. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- "Cyclone "Cook" hits New Caledonia, leaving 1 dead, 20 000 without power". The Watchers. April 10, 2017.
- "Damages reported in Temotu". Solomon Star. May 15, 2017. Archived from the original on May 16, 2017.
- "2017 Tropical Cyclone Donna (2017122S13170)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- Fiji Meteorological Service (2018). Review of the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 Cyclone Seasons by RSMC Nadi (PDF). RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee for the South Pacific and South-East Indian Ocean Seventeenth Session. World Meteorological Organisation. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 22, 2018. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
- "2018 Tropical Cyclone GITA (2018040S14185)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
- "Retired Tropical Cyclone Names". Hurricane Alley.net. 2005. Archived from the original on October 19, 2006. Retrieved August 15, 2008.