Múlakvísl

The Múlakvísl is a river in the south of Iceland on the western side of Mýrdalssandur.

Múlakvísl
A view of the Múlakvísl, looking towards Hjörleifshöfði in the background and the Atlantic Ocean
Location
CountryIceland
RegionSouthern Region
Physical characteristics
Source 
  locationMýrdalsjökull
  coordinates63.6306°N 19.8834°W / 63.6306; -19.8834
Mouth 
  location
Between Vík í Mýrdal and Mýrdalssandur
  coordinates
63.4°N 18.8834°W / 63.4; -18.8834
Basin features
River systemMúlakvísl

Glacier flow

The river has a glacier flow which draws its water from the Mýrdalsjökull, mainly through the glacier tongue Kötlujökull. The river's floods are usually of gray-brown color, since it carries much sediment with it.[1]

At Selfjall, about 10 km (6.2 mi) east of the village Vík í Mýrdal, the Ring Road goes across a bridge over the Múlakvísl.

Jökulhlaups

As increasing water levels of this river are an important indicator of Katla's upcoming volcanic eruptions, it is closely monitored.

1955

A predecessor of the present bridge was demolished in 1955, during a jökulhlaup with 2,500 m³/s of water. A fissure formed on Katla in 1918 in the caldera of the volcano, and a kettle had formed upon the glacier. This showed volcanic activities under the glacier, which in turn initiated the jökulhlaup. However, there was no real outbreak in 1955.[1]

July 2011

On 9 July 2011, another jökulhlaup occurred, which was already anticipated hours and days before because of a series of quakes at up to 10 km (6.2 mi) depth in the Katla region.[2][3] There was a small volcanic eruption under the glacier similar to 1955.[4] A jökulhlaup again destroyed the Ring Road bridge of the Múlakvísl, which was only 20 years old. A water level early warning system prompted the closing of the bridge and surrounding area, and no one was harmed.[5] By 11 July 2011, the tremor under Katla had calmed down again. On 15 July 2011, 1,500 people were transported via the Múlakvísl by means of special vehicles.[6] On 16 July, a temporary bridge was put into operation on the river.[7]

See also

List of rivers of Iceland

References

  1. Einarsson, Hg. T.; Magnússon, H. (1989). Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni [Iceland Handbook. Nature, history and characteristics] (in Icelandic). 2. Reykjavík: Örn og Örlygur. p. 709.
  2. "May 2011". Veðurstofa Íslands (in Icelandic). Retrieved 24 December 2016.
  3. "Jarðskjálftar 20110704 - 20110710, vika 27". Veðurstofa Íslands (in Icelandic). Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
  4. "Bulletin Reports - Index". Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on 13 July 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
  5. "Gos hugsanlega hafið". mbl.is (in Icelandic). 9 July 2011. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
  6. "Brúin yfir Múlakvísl opnuð á morgun". RÚV (in Icelandic). 15 July 2011. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011.
  7. "Fylktu liði yfir brú". mbl.is (in Icelandic). 16 July 2011. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.