Magnolia, Arkansas

The city was founded in 1853. At the time of its incorporation in 1858, the city had a population of about 1,950. African-American man, Jordan Jameson was lynched on November 11, 1919, in the town square of Magnolia. A large white mob seized Jameson after he allegedly shot the local sheriff. They tied him to a stake and burned him alive.[6] The city grew slowly as an agricultural and regional cotton market until the discovery of oil just east of the city in March 1938, with the Barnett #1 drilled by the Kerr-Lynn Company. The Magnolia Oil Field was an important discovery for the city as well as for the nation, as it was the largest producing field (in volume) during the early years of World War II, helping to sustain the American war effort.

In March 2013, more than 5,000 barrels of oil leaked from a Lion Oil Trading & Transportation storage tank in Magnolia, with some flowing into a bayou.[7]

Magnolia is located in southwest Arkansas, north of the center of Columbia County at 33°16′27″N 93°14′1″W (33.274052, -93.233477).[8] The average altitude is 336 ft (102 m) above sea level according to NOAA. The surrounding region is a mix of dense forest, farm prairies, and low rolling hills.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.3 square miles (34.4 km²), of which 0.027 square miles (0.07 km²), or 0.21%, is water.[4]

Magnolia is located about 50 miles (80 km) east of Texarkana, about 135 miles (217 km) south of Little Rock, and about 75 miles (121 km) northeast of Shreveport, Louisiana.

As of the census[11] of 2000, there were 10,858 people, 4,204 households, and 2,577 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,165.3 people per square mile (449.8/km²). There were 4,821 housing units at an average density of 517.4 per square mile (199.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 58.24% White, 39.38% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.65% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.48% from other races, and 1.00% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.07% of the population.

There were 4,204 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were married couples living together, 17.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.7% were non-families. Of 4,204 households, 101 are unmarried partner households: 91 heterosexual, 4 same-sex male, 6 same-sex female households. 34.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.2% under the age of 18, 16.8% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,897, as of 2005, and the median income for a family was $35,269. Males had a median income of $31,577 versus $20,840 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,403. About 15.2% of families and 23.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 32.9% of those under age 18 and 17.7% of those age 65 or over.

Magnolia when it was founded was a cotton, farm production, and marketing town. Slowly the town grew, and in 1909 the Third District Agricultural School, subsequently known as Magnolia A&M and Southern State College, now known as Southern Arkansas University, was founded. During World War II Magnolia became a heavy manufacturing city. In 1938 oil and natural gas were discovered near the city in what was called the Magnolia Oil Field, the largest producing field by volume in the nation during the war. The city soon became a producer in steel, lumber, aluminum, bromine, rubber-coated products and fuel cells for the military.

The town's primary economic focus is heavy industrial, including Albemarle Corporation's Bromine Products Division (which has two facilities near town), Amfuel (which produces fuel cells for the military), and Sapa Group's extruded aluminum products facility. Also located in the area are several oil and brine drilling companies, many of which are locally owned, and timber companies, such as Deltic and Weyerhaeuser.

Major industrial employers: SAPA (750), Albemarle (739), Amfuel (380), CMC (344), Weyerhaeuser (250), Deltic Timber (125), Partee Flooring (95), and Southern Aluminum (90).

Largest non-manufacturing employers:

• Magnolia Public School System, 346
• Southern Arkansas University, 304
• Magnolia Hospital, 253
• Columbia County government, 110

The unemployment rate in Magnolia is 9.40%, with job growth of -0.40%. Future job growth over the next ten years is predicted to be 29.70%, according to Sterling's,[12] The U.S. unemployment rate average for the month of June is 9.2%, Arkansas' average is 7.2%.

Magnolia is home to the Magnolia Blossom Festival and World Championship Steak Cookoff. The festival has been featured on the Food Network and attracts more than 40,000. A 'Festival of Lights' is held from late November through late December.

Magnolia is known locally for its downtown shopping on the square and for its murals - one of which was signed by Charlton Heston.[13]

The city operated under a city council form of government until 2003. Voters elected to convert the city to a strong-mayor form of government, making the mayor's position a full-time position with veto power. Lane Jean was elected mayor in 1996.[14][15][16] The city employs approximately 50 individuals in seven different departments, including the Police Department, the Fire Department, and Parks and Recreation.

The city operated a shelter designed for approximately 20 dogs. On August 14, 2014, this facility was found to have 59 dogs in unclean conditions, without heat, air conditioning or even walls for the animals. With the city's permission, the local H&P Animal Alliance assisted in removing the dogs from the over-crowded shelter.

A number of dogs were sent to an out-of-state animal rescue group specializing in saving large-breed working dogs, Big Fluffy Dog Rescue. Big Fluffy Dog Rescue is a Nashville, Tennessee-based 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.[17][18][19][20] The rescue effort cost an uncompensated $50,000.[21]

• 
  Downtown Magnolia
• 
  Magnolia City Hall
• 
  First Baptist Church of Magnolia
• 
  Bancorp South in Magnolia is located across from City Hall.
• 
  Farmers Bank and Trust Company in downtown Magnolia
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  The Cameo Theater on North Jackson used to show films on three screens, but is now a junk store
• 
  Pioneer mural in downtown Magnolia

• Harvey C. Couch (1877-1941), Arkansas entrepreneur who controlled a regional utility and railroad empire; raised in Magnolia
• Billy Joe Daugherty (1952–2009), founder and pastor of Victory Christian Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma
• Roy Green, former wide receiver in the National Football League who played for the St. Louis Cardinals (1979–1987), Phoenix Cardinals (1988–1990) and Philadelphia Eagles (1991–1992); born in Magnolia[24]
• Charlaine Harris, New York Times bestselling author who writes what are referred to as the Sookie Stackhouse novels collected in The Southern Vampire Mysteries, the basis for the HBO show True Blood; lived in Magnolia
• Lane Jean (born c. 1959), former mayor of Magnolia and current Republican member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from Columbia, Lafayette, and Miller counties[25]
• Andrew R. Johnson (1856–1933), Louisiana state senator from 1916–1924 and mayor of Homer; taught school near Magnolia in the 1890s
• Royce L. McMahen, veterinarian from Springhill, Louisiana; sheriff of Webster Parish from 1980 to 1996, born in Magnolia in 1923; died 1999
• Sidney Sanders McMath (1912-2003), governor of Arkansas (1949-1953), Major General, U.S. Marine Corps Reserve (1965-1970) & leading U.S. trial lawyer.
• Mike Runnels (1945-2015), Lieutenant Governor of New Mexico
• Horace M. Wade, former U.S. Air Force general, served as chief of staff, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, vice-chief of staff, U.S. Air Force; born in Magnolia 1916; died 2001.[26]
• Carl Wafer, former defensive end in the National Football League who played for the New York Giants and Green Bay Packers in 1974; born in Magnolia[27]

Dennis Biddle is a former Negro League professional baseball player who played for the Chicago American Giants. Biddle is most known for making his debut in 1953 as the Giants' pitcher when he was only 17 years old, and was the youngest player ever to play in a Negro baseball league game.

On January 12, 2007, Magnolia annexed 2,325 acres (9.41 km²) east of the city, which includes approximately 1,100 people, increasing the population to 11,578. The city was expected to receive between $60,000 to $70,000 in state turnbacks per year as a result.

• McWhirter, Cameron (2011). Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America. Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 9781429972932. - Total pages: 368

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Magnolia (Arkansas).

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Magnolia, Arkansas.

• City of Magnolia official website
• Magnolia Chamber of Commerce
• Magnolia Blossom Festival
• City-Data.com
• Magnolia School District
• Magnolia High School
• Big Fluffy Dog Rescue
• H&P Animal Alliance