Mattathias ben Theophilus

Mattathias ben Theophilus (c. 60 CE) was the Jewish High Priest (Kohen Gadol) [1] at the start of the Jewish Revolution, and was overthrown by Revolutionary forces.

Mattathias ben Theophilus
Born	Jerusalem, Judea, Roman Empire
Died	c. AD 66 Jerusalem, Judea, Roman Empire
Parent(s)	Theophilus

Priesthood in Judaism
Part of a series of articles on

Kohen · Recognition of priestly descent Priestly covenant
Roles Priestly blessing · Redemption of the firstborn son Tzaraath (skin disease and mildew) The Torah instruction of the Kohanim Sacrifice · Incense offering Beth din shel Kohanim Priestly divisions
High Priests Aaron · Eleazar · Phinehas · Eli · Ahimelech · Abiathar (First Temple) · Zadok · Shallum · Hilkiah · Jehoiada (Second Temple) Joshua the High Priest Simeon the Just Yishmael Ben Elisha Yehoshua ben Gamla Pinchus Ben Shmuel
Twenty-four kohanic gifts The ten gifts given in the Temple 1. Sin offering · 2. Guilt offering 3. Communal peace offering 4. Fowl sin offering · 5. Leftovers from the suspensive guilt offering 6. Oil from the offering for the leper 7. Bread from First Fruits · 8. Showbread 9. Leftovers of the meal offering 10. Leftovers of the First Sheaf. Four gifts given in Jerusalem 11. Firstborn animal · 12. Firstfruits 13. Burnt offering (Judaism) · 14. Parts of the thank offering and Nazirite's offering Ten gifts given (even) outside of Jerusalem 15. Heave offering 16. Heave offering of the Levite's tithe 17. Dough offering 18. First shearing of the sheep 19. Shoulder, cheeks and maw 20. Coins for redemption of the first born son · 21. Redemption of a donkey · 22. Dedication of property to a priest · 23. Field not redeemed in a Jubilee year · 24. The property of the foreigner with no heir.
Priestly Garments All Priests Undergarments · Tunic · Turban · Sash High Priest Robe · Ephod · Frontlet Breastplate · Urim and Thummim
Miscellaneous topics The Mitzvah of sanctifying the Kohen Kohanic disqualifications Holy anointing oil Kahen Aaron's rod Bat-Kohen (daughter of a kohen) Sons of Zadok Contact by a kohen with a dead body 13 Kohanic cities

A minority of scholars believe him to be the same as the Theophilus mentioned in the New Testament books of Luke 1:3 and Acts 1:1. One author argues that Mattathias ben Theophilus was the father of Josephus.[2]

References

Daniel R. Schwartz. Studies in the Jewish Background of Christianity. J. C. B. Mohr. July 1992. ISBN 978-3-16-145798-2; pp 160-163.
Herodian Messiah by Joseph Raymond (Tower Grove Publishing 2010) at pages 214-17.

Jewish titles
Preceded by Joshua ben Gamla	High Priest of Israel c.65—66	Succeeded by Phannias ben Samuel

High Priests of Israel (List)
Tabernacle	Aaron Eleazar Phinehas Abishua Bukki Uzzi Eli Ahitub Ahijah Ahimelech Abiathar
First Temple	Zadok Ahimaaz Azariah I Joash Jehoiarib Jehoshaphat Jehoiada Pediah Zedekiah Joel Jotham Uriah Neria Hoshaiah Shallum Hilkiah Azariah Seraiah
Post-exilic	Joshua Joiakim Eliashib Joiada Johanan Jaddua Onias I Simon I Eleazar Manasseh Onias II Simon II Onias III Jason Menelaus Onias IV Alcimus
Hasmonean dynasty	Jonathan Apphus Simon Thassi Hyrcanus I Aristobulus I Alexander Jannaeus Hyrcanus II Aristobulus II Antigonus
Herodians to the Jewish Revolt	Ananelus Aristobulus III Ananelus (restored) Jesus, son of Fabus Simon ben Boethus Matthias ben Theophilus Joazar ben Boethus Eleazar ben Boethus Joshua ben Sie Joazar ben Boethus (restored) Annas Ishmael ben Fabus Eleazar ben Ananus Simon ben Camithus Caiaphas Jonathan ben Ananus Theophilus ben Ananus Simon Cantatheras ben Boethus Matthias ben Ananus Elioneus ben Simon Cantatheras Jonathan ben Ananus (restored) Josephus ben Camydus Ananias son of Nedebeus Jonathan Ishmael ben Fabus Joseph Cabi ben Simon Ananus ben Ananus Jesus son of Damneus Joshua ben Gamla Mattathias ben Theophilus Phannias ben Samuel

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