Metriorhynchoidea

Metriorhynchoidea is an extinct superfamily of thalattosuchian crocodyliforms from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous (Toarcian[1] - Valanginian, possibly as late as early Aptian[2]) of Europe, North America and South America. Metriorhynchids are fully aquatic crocodyliforms.[3][4] Named by Fitzinger, in 1843, it contains the basal taxa like Teleidosaurus, Zoneait and Eoneustes and the family Metriorhynchidae. An unnamed taxon is known from Chile.[5]

Metriorhynchoids
Temporal range: Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, 135 Ma
↓
Restoration of Teleidosaurus calvadosii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Suborder: †Thalattosuchia
Superfamily: †Metriorhynchoidea
Fitzinger, 1843
Subgroups

Phylogeny

Metriorhynchoidea is a stem-based taxon defined in 2009 as the most inclusive clade consisting of Metriorhynchus geoffroyii, but not Teleosaurus cadomensis.[5] The cladogram below follows the topology from a 2011 analysis by Andrea Cau and Federico Fanti.[3] Note that the same topology was obtained in Mark T. Young and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2009 and Mark T. Young, Stephen L. Brusatte, Marcello Ruta and Marco Brandalise de Andrade, 2010.[4][5]

Metriorhynchoidea 
 

Teleidosaurus calvadosii

 
 
 
 

Eoneustes bathonicus

 
 

Eoneustes gaudryi

 
 
 
 

Metriorhynchoidea indet.

 
 
 

Oregon crocodile

 
 
 Metriorhynchidae 
 

Geosaurinae

 
 

Metriorhynchinae

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References
  1. Attila Ősi; Mark T. Young; András Galácz; Márton Rabi (2018). "A new large-bodied thalattosuchian crocodyliform from the Lower Jurassic (Toarcian) of Hungary, with further evidence of the mosaic acquisition of marine adaptations in Metriorhynchoidea". PeerJ. 6: e4668. doi:10.7717/peerj.4668. PMC 5949208. PMID 29761038.
  2. Alfio A. Chiarenza, Davide Foffa, Mark T. Young, Gianni Insacco, Andrea Cau, Giorgio Carnevale, Rita Catanzariti (2015). "The youngest record of metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs, with implications for the extinction of Thalattosuchia". Cretaceous Research. 56: 608–616. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.001.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  3. Andrea Cau; Federico Fanti (2011). "The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: Neptunidraco ammoniticus gen. et sp. nov". Gondwana Research. 19 (2): 550–565. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007.
  4. Mark T. Young; Stephen L. Brusatte; Marcello Ruta; Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2010). "The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (4): 801–859. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x.
  5. Mark T. Young & Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2009). "What is Geosaurus? Redescription of Geosaurus giganteus (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Bayern, Germany". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 157 (3): 551–585. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00536.x.


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