miR-296

miR-296 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precursor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.[1] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.[2]

miR-296
Conserved secondary structure of miR-296 microRNA precursor
Identifiers
SymbolmiR-296
Alt. SymbolsMIR296
RfamRF00733
miRBaseMI0000747
miRBase familyMIPF0000159
NCBI Gene407022
HGNC31617
OMIM610945
RefSeqNR_029844
Other data
RNA typemiRNA
Domain(s)Mammalia
GO0035195
SO0001244
LocusChr. 20 q13.32
PDB structuresPDBe

miR-296 has been named an "angiomiR"[3] due to being characterised as a microRNA which regulates angiogenesis, the process of growth and creation of new blood vessels.[4] miR-296 is thought to have a specific role in cancer in promoting tumour angiogenesis.[3][5] It achieves this by targeting HGS mRNA, reducing its expression in endothelial cells which then results in greater number of VEGF receptors.[3][6]

miR-296 has predicted target sites in the transcription factor NANOG[7] and may also contribute to carcinogenesis by dysregulating p53.[8]

References
  1. Ambros V (December 2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell. 107 (7): 823–6. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458. S2CID 14574186.
  2. Gregory RI, Chendrimada TP, Cooch N, Shiekhattar R (November 2005). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing". Cell. 123 (4): 631–40. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.022. PMID 16271387. S2CID 16973870.
  3. Wang S, Olson EN (June 2009). "AngiomiRs--key regulators of angiogenesis". Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. 19 (3): 205–11. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2009.04.002. PMC 2696563. PMID 19446450.
  4. Anand S, Cheresh DA (May 2011). "MicroRNA-mediated regulation of the angiogenic switch". Current Opinion in Hematology. 18 (3): 171–6. doi:10.1097/MOH.0b013e328345a180. PMC 3159578. PMID 21423013. (subscription required)
  5. Bonauer A, Boon RA, Dimmeler S (August 2010). "Vascular microRNAs". Current Drug Targets. 11 (8): 943–9. doi:10.2174/138945010791591313. PMID 20415654.
  6. Würdinger T, Tannous BA, Saydam O, Skog J, Grau S, Soutschek J, Weissleder R, Breakefield XO, Krichevsky AM (November 2008). "miR-296 regulates growth factor receptor overexpression in angiogenic endothelial cells". Cancer Cell. 14 (5): 382–93. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2008.10.005. PMC 2597164. PMID 18977327.
  7. Tay Y, Zhang J, Thomson AM, Lim B, Rigoutsos I (October 2008). "MicroRNAs to Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 coding regions modulate embryonic stem cell differentiation". Nature. 455 (7216): 1124–8. doi:10.1038/nature07299. PMID 18806776. S2CID 4330178.
  8. Yoon AR, Gao R, Kaul Z, Choi IK, Ryu J, Noble JR, Kato Y, Saito S, Hirano T, Ishii T, Reddel RR, Yun CO, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R (October 2011). "MicroRNA-296 is enriched in cancer cells and downregulates p21WAF1 mRNA expression via interaction with its 3' untranslated region". Nucleic Acids Research. 39 (18): 8078–91. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr492. PMC 3185413. PMID 21724611.

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