Murexide test

The murexide test is an analytical technique to identify the presence of caffeine and other purine derivatives in a sample. These compounds do not respond to the common alkaloid detecting tests such as Dragendorff's reagent. In this test the alkaloids are mixed with a tiny amount of potassium chlorate and a drop of hydrochloric acid. The sample is then evaporated to dryness and the resulting residue is exposed to ammonia vapour. Purine alkaloids produce a pink color in this test.[1][2] Murexide (ammonium purpurate) with a purple color is also produced in this test.[3]

Uses

Murexide test is a color test for uric acid and some other purines. The (solid) sample is first treated with conc. nitric acid, which is slowly evaporated away; subsequent addition of ammonia solution (NH₄OH) gives a purple color if uric acid was present, due to formation of murexide, or a yellow color that turns to red on heating if a xanthine is present.

References

Agarwal O.P. Advances Practical Organic Chemistry (26th ed.). Meerut, India: GOEL Publishing House. p. 53.
Nayeem AA, Khatun A, Rahman MS, Rahman M (2011). "Evaluation of phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Mikania cordata (Asteraceae) leaves". Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy. 3 (8): 118–123.
Sharma DC; Sharma. Riyat. Practical Medical Biochemistry. BI Publications Pvt Ltd. p. 36.

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[1] Agarwal O.P. Advances Practical Organic Chemistry (26th ed.). Meerut, India: GOEL Publishing House. p. 53.

[2] Nayeem AA, Khatun A, Rahman MS, Rahman M (2011). "Evaluation of phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Mikania cordata (Asteraceae) leaves". Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy. 3 (8): 118–123.

[3] Sharma DC; Sharma. Riyat. Practical Medical Biochemistry. BI Publications Pvt Ltd. p. 36.