National Register of Historic Places listings in Barnstable County, Massachusetts
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Barnstable County, Massachusetts.
This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.[1]
There are 203 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 3 National Historic Landmarks. Those in the town of Barnstable may be found at National Register of Historic Places listings in Barnstable, Massachusetts and those in Harwich may be found at National Register of Historic Places listings in Harwich, Massachusetts. Four listings appear in more than one of these lists because the boundaries cross geographic borders.
- This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted January 29, 2021.[2]
Current listings
Barnstable
Harwich
Remainder of county
[3] | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed[4] | Location | City or town | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ahearn House and Summer House | November 21, 1984 (#84000575) |
Pamet Point Rd. 41°57′33″N 70°02′42″W |
Wellfleet | ||
2 | Atwood–Higgins Historic District | July 30, 1976 (#76000154) |
Bound Brook Island Rd. 41°57′12″N 70°03′26″W |
Wellfleet | Originally listed as just the Atwood House, it was expanded to a historic district in 2010.[5] | |
3 | Avant House | December 3, 1998 (#98001382) |
MA 130 at Mill Pond 41°38′57″N 70°29′12″W |
Mashpee | ||
4 | Baxter Mill | August 27, 1981 (#81000120) |
MA 28 41°39′38″N 70°15′42″W |
West Yarmouth | ||
5 | The Beacon | June 15, 1987 (#87001527) |
Off Cable Rd. 41°50′42″N 69°57′36″W |
Eastham | The longest-used of the Three Sisters of Nauset. The other two are listed separately (see Three Sisters of Nauset (Twin Lights) below); the three decommissioned lighthouses have since been reunited. | |
6 | Bourne High School | February 27, 2013 (#13000035) |
85 Cotuit Rd. 41°44′31″N 70°35′41″W |
Bourne | This is the former Bourne High School building, which was afterward the Kempton J. Coady Junior High School. | |
7 | Jonathan Bourne Public Library | January 14, 2013 (#12001168) |
30 Keene St. 41°44′37″N 70°35′49″W |
Bourne | The building listed on the National Register now houses the Jonathan Bourne Historical Center. The current Jonathan Bourne Public Library is located at 19 Sandwich Rd. in a former elementary school. | |
8 | Bourne Town Hall | January 14, 2013 (#12001169) |
24 Perry Ave. 41°44′53″N 70°36′06″W |
Bourne | ||
9 | Bournedale Village School | February 27, 2013 (#13000037) |
29 Herring Pond Rd. 41°46′30″N 70°33′42″W |
Bourne | ||
10 | Louis Brandeis House | November 28, 1972 (#72000148) |
Neck Lane, off Cedar St., 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Stage Harbor Rd. intersection 41°40′23″N 69°59′00″W |
Chatham | Summer home of Justice Louis Brandeis | |
11 | Thomas Bray Farm | September 15, 1988 (#88001455) |
280 Weir Rd. 41°42′04″N 70°12′29″W |
Yarmouth | ||
12 | Brewster Old King's Highway Historic District | February 23, 1996 (#96000162) |
Roughly MA 6A from east of Paines Creek Rd. to Bittersweet Dr. and parts of Briar and Lower Rds. 41°45′31″N 70°05′13″W |
Brewster | ||
13 | Brick Block | April 13, 1979 (#79000323) |
Main St. and Chatham Bars Rd. 41°40′46″N 69°57′24″W |
Chatham | ||
14 | Bridge Road Cemetery | May 27, 1999 (#99000636) |
Bridge Rd. 41°49′33″N 69°58′53″W |
Eastham | ||
15 | George I. Briggs House | September 10, 1981 (#81000119) |
Sandwich Rd. 41°44′31″N 70°35′51″W |
Bourne | 1830s Greek Revival house; blacksmith on property shod Grover Cleveland's horses in 1880s. | |
16 | Cataumet Schoolhouse | August 15, 2019 (#100004268) |
1200 County Rd. 41°40′13″N 70°36′27″W |
Bourne | ||
16 | Center Methodist Church | October 31, 1975 (#75000247) |
356 Commercial St. 42°03′12″N 70°11′04″W |
Provincetown | Center Methodist Episcopal Church was built in 1860 as the largest Methodist church in the world. The church was later the Chrysler Museum of Art. It is currently the home of the Provincetown Public Library. | |
17 | Central Fire Station | February 26, 1998 (#98000146) |
399 Main St. 41°33′06″N 70°36′28″W |
Falmouth | ||
18 | Chatham Light Station | June 15, 1987 (#87001501) |
Main St. 41°40′17″N 69°57′01″W |
Chatham | ||
19 | Chatham Railroad Depot | November 27, 1978 (#78000422) |
153 Depot Rd. 41°41′08″N 69°57′44″W |
Chatham | ||
20 | Chatham Windmill | November 30, 1978 (#78000421) |
Chase Park, Shattuck Pl. 41°40′34″N 69°57′33″W |
Chatham | ||
21 | Cleveland Ledge Light Station | June 15, 1987 (#87001462) |
Cape Cod Canal 41°37′49″N 70°41′55″W |
Falmouth | ||
22 | Coast Guard Motor Lifeboat CG 36500 | May 27, 2005 (#05000467) |
Berthed at Rock Harbor 41°47′58″N 70°00′32″W |
Orleans | ||
23 | Cobb Memorial Library | June 12, 2013 (#13000367) |
13 Truro Center Rd. 41°59′41″N 70°03′03″W |
Truro | ||
24 | Collins Cottages Historic District | May 20, 1999 (#99000528) |
150 MA 6 41°47′58″N 69°58′55″W |
Eastham | ||
25 | Cove Burying Ground | May 12, 1999 (#99000561) |
Junction of MA 6 and Pine Woods Rd. 41°48′40″N 69°58′17″W |
Eastham | ||
26 | Crowell–Bourne Farm | April 23, 1980 (#80000501) |
W. Falmouth Highway 41°37′04″N 70°37′34″W |
West Falmouth | ||
27 | Dennis Village Cemetery | June 8, 2005 (#05000558) |
MA 6A and Old Bass River Rd. 41°44′11″N 70°11′33″W |
Dennis | ||
28 | Josiah Dennis House | February 15, 1974 (#74000360) |
16 Whig St. 41°44′25″N 70°11′58″W |
Dennis | ||
29 | Dillingham House | April 30, 1976 (#76000225) |
West of Brewster off MA 6A 41°44′57″N 70°07′31″W |
Brewster | ||
30 | Dune Shacks of Peaked Hill Bars Historic District | March 15, 2012 (#12000132) |
Inner Dune, Snail, & High Head Rds. 42°04′21″N 70°09′48″W |
Provincetown | ||
31 | Eastham Center Historic District | May 12, 1999 (#99000560) |
Depot, Mill, and Samoset Rds., and U.S. Route 6 41°49′40″N 69°58′24″W |
Eastham | ||
32 | Eldredge Public Library | April 28, 1992 (#92000430) |
564 Main St. 41°40′52″N 69°57′32″W |
Chatham | ||
33 | Falmouth Pumping Station | February 26, 1998 (#98000148) |
Pumping Station Rd. 41°34′15″N 70°36′57″W |
Falmouth | ||
34 | Falmouth Village Green Historic District | March 27, 1996 (#96000271) |
Roughly along Locust, Main, N. Main and Hewins Sts.and Palmer Ave., including also the Old Town Cemetery 41°33′06″N 70°37′22″W |
Falmouth | ||
35 | First Congregational Parish Historic District | May 19, 2014 (#14000214) |
3 First Parish Ln., 26 Bridge Rd. 41°59′54″N 70°03′16″W |
Truro | ||
36 | First Universalist Church | February 23, 1972 (#72000122) |
236 Commercial St. 42°03′02″N 70°11′18″W |
Provincetown | ||
37 | Forestdale School | June 6, 1997 (#97000469) |
87 Falmouth-Sandwich Rd. 41°41′15″N 70°30′16″W |
Sandwich | ||
38 | Fort Hill Rural Historic District | April 5, 2001 (#00001656) |
Fort Hill Rd, Cape Cod National Seashore 41°49′10″N 69°57′56″W |
Eastham | ||
39 | French Cable Hut | April 22, 1976 (#76000153) |
East of North Eastham at the junction of Cable Rd.and Ocean View Dr. 41°51′34″N 69°57′07″W |
North Eastham | ||
40 | French Cable Station | April 11, 1972 (#72000121) |
Southeastern corner of Cove Rd.and MA 28 41°47′16″N 69°59′16″W |
Orleans | ||
41 | Half Way House | July 21, 1978 (#78000423) |
Andrew Harding La. 41°40′27″N 69°56′52″W |
Chatham | ||
42 | Ruth and Robert Hatch Jr. House | February 25, 2014 (#14000018) |
309 Bound Brook Way 41°57′21″N 70°04′29″W |
Wellfleet | Mid 20th Century Modern Residential Architecture on Outer Cape Cod MPS | |
43 | Hawthorne Class Studio | July 21, 1978 (#78000434) |
Off Miller Hill Rd. 42°03′27″N 70°10′58″W |
Provincetown | ||
44 | Jedediah Higgins House | November 21, 1984 (#84000550) |
Higgins Hollow Rd. 42°00′35″N 70°03′06″W |
North Truro | ||
45 | Highland House | June 5, 1975 (#75000157) |
Off U.S. Route 6 on Cape Cod National Seashore 42°02′25″N 70°03′56″W |
Truro | ||
46 | Highland Light Station | June 15, 1987 (#87001463) |
Off U.S. Route 6 42°02′48″N 70°04′10″W |
Truro | ||
47 | Hinckley's Corner Historic District | May 29, 1998 (#98000595) |
0, 25, and 40 Way #112 41°55′02″N 70°00′14″W |
Wellfleet | ||
48 | John and Mary Waterman Jarves House | August 30, 2002 (#02000903) |
3 Jarves St. 41°45′30″N 70°29′46″W |
Sandwich | ||
49 | Jarvesville Historic District | September 23, 2010 (#10000787) |
Roughly bounded by Liberty, Main, Jarves, and Church Sts., and the town landing 41°45′32″N 70°29′38″W |
Sandwich | ||
50 | Mercelia Evelyn Eldridge Kelley House | February 24, 2005 (#05000080) |
2610 Main St. 41°40′44″N 70°01′35″W |
Chatham | ||
51 | Peter Kugel House | February 25, 2014 (#14000019) |
188 Long Pond Rd. 41°56′40″N 69°59′53″W |
Wellfleet | Mid 20th Century Modern Residential Architecture on Outer Cape Cod MPS | |
52 | Samuel and Minette Kuhn House | February 25, 2014 (#14000020) |
420 Griffins Island Rd. 41°56′45″N 70°04′06″W |
Wellfleet | Mid 20th Century Modern Residential Architecture on Outer Cape Cod MPS | |
53 | Lawrence Academy | February 20, 1998 (#98000123) |
20 Academy Ln. 41°33′09″N 70°36′57″W |
Falmouth | ||
54 | Long Point Light Station | September 28, 1987 (#87002039) |
Long Point 42°01′59″N 70°10′07″W |
Provincetown | ||
55 | Marconi Wireless Station Site | May 2, 1975 (#75000158) |
1 mile (1.6 km) northeast of Cape Cod National Seashore 41°54′50″N 69°58′20″W |
South Wellfleet | ||
56 | Marconi–RCA Wireless Receiving Station | August 30, 1994 (#94000996) |
Junction of Old Comers Rd.and Orleans Rd. 41°42′12″N 69°58′47″W |
Chatham | ||
57 | Monomoy Point Lighthouse | November 1, 1979 (#79000324) |
Monomoy Island 41°33′33″N 69°59′39″W |
Chatham | ||
58 | Nauset Archeological District | April 19, 1993 (#93000607) |
Fort Hill Road area 41°49′08″N 69°57′46″W |
Eastham | ||
59 | Nauset Beach Light | June 15, 1987 (#87001484) |
Nauset Beach 41°51′15″N 69°57′06″W |
Eastham | ||
60 | John Newcomb House | September 15, 1988 (#88001457) |
near Williams Pond 41°57′53″N 70°00′23″W |
Wellfleet | Also known as Henry David Thoreau's "House of the Wellfleet Oysterman". | |
61 | Nickerson Mansion | February 20, 1986 (#86000300) |
2871 Main St. 41°46′22″N 70°03′10″W |
Brewster | ||
62 | Nobska Point Light Station | June 15, 1987 (#87001483) |
Nobska Rd. 41°30′59″N 70°39′27″W |
Falmouth | ||
63 | North Falmouth Village Historic District | February 20, 1998 (#98000121) |
85-408 Old Main Rd., and 6 Wild Harbor Rd. 41°38′47″N 70°37′02″W |
Falmouth | ||
64 | Northside Historic District | November 24, 1987 (#87001777) |
U.S. Route 6A between the Barnstable–Yarmouth town line and White Brock 41°42′10″N 70°14′45″W |
Yarmouth | ||
65 | Benjamin Nye Homestead | January 6, 1992 (#91001899) |
85 Old County Rd. 41°43′43″N 70°25′55″W |
Sandwich | Now a historic house museum | |
66 | Elnathan Nye House | June 27, 2002 (#02000697) |
33 Old Main Rd. 41°38′08″N 70°37′11″W |
Falmouth | ||
67 | Oak Grove Cemetery | September 10, 2014 (#14000560) |
46 Jones Rd. 41°33′50″N 70°36′59″W |
Falmouth | ||
68 | Old Harbor U.S. Life Saving Station | August 18, 1975 (#75000159) |
Race Point Road 42°04′48″N 70°12′59″W |
Provincetown | Listed as being northeast of Chatham on Nauset Beach; moved in 1977. | |
69 | Old Higgins Farm Windmill | June 10, 1975 (#75000240) |
Off Old King's Highway, 51 Drummer Boy Rd.[6] 41°45′08″N 70°07′16″W |
Brewster | ||
70 | Old Indian Meeting House | December 3, 1998 (#98001383) |
410 Meetinghouse Rd. 41°37′28″N 70°28′45″W |
Mashpee | ||
71 | Old North Cemetery | March 20, 2013 (#13000095) |
US 6 & Aldrich Rd. 42°01′26″N 70°04′25″W |
Truro | ||
72 | Old Town Center Historic District | March 2, 2001 (#01000196) |
Roughly along Locust Public Rd.and Salt Pond Rd. 41°50′18″N 69°58′37″W |
Eastham | ||
73 | Old Village Historic District | December 17, 2001 (#01001406) |
Roughly bounded by Main, Holway, Bridge Sts., Bearse's Ln., Chatham Harbor, Mill Pond, and Little Mill Pond 41°40′29″N 69°57′06″W |
Chatham | ||
74 | Paine Hollow Road South Historic District | May 20, 1998 (#98000540) |
Roughly along Paine Hollow Rd., and Raywid Way 41°54′50″N 70°00′27″W |
Wellfleet | ||
75 | PAUL PALMER (Shipwreck and Remains) | April 12, 2007 (#07000288) |
Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary |
Provincetown | ||
76 | Edward Penniman House and Barn | May 28, 1976 (#76000155) |
South of Eastham at Fort Hill and Governor Prence Rds. 41°49′06″N 69°57′56″W |
Eastham | ||
77 | Pine Grove Cemetery | March 20, 2013 (#13000096) |
Cemetery Rd. 41°58′34″N 70°03′34″W |
Truro | ||
78 | Pond Hill School | March 23, 1989 (#89000222) |
U.S. Route 6 41°55′02″N 69°59′54″W |
Wellfleet | ||
79 | Poor House and Methodist Cemetery | February 26, 1998 (#98000147) |
744 Main St. 41°33′12″N 70°36′56″W |
Falmouth | ||
80 | Port Royal House | April 15, 1982 (#82004943) |
606 Main St. 41°40′56″N 69°57′36″W |
Chatham | ||
81 | Provincetown Historic District | August 30, 1989 (#89001148) |
Roughly bounded by U.S. Route 6, the western end of Commercial St., Provincetown Harbor, and the southeastern end of Commercial St. 42°03′02″N 70°11′13″W |
Provincetown | ||
82 | Provincetown Public Library | April 21, 1975 (#75000248) |
330 Commercial St. 42°03′09″N 70°11′07″W |
Provincetown | Listing is for a previous building that housed the library prior to its 2002 move to the former Center Methodist Church. | |
83 | Race Point Light Station | June 15, 1987 (#87001482) |
Race Point Beach 42°03′40″N 70°14′33″W |
Provincetown | ||
84 | Rowell House | September 1, 1988 (#88001458) |
Gull Pond Rd. 41°57′20″N 70°00′47″W |
Wellfleet | ||
85 | Saunders–Paine House | May 20, 1998 (#98000474) |
260 Paine Hollow Rd. 41°54′46″N 70°00′34″W |
Wellfleet | ||
86 | Sea Call Farm | June 12, 2008 (#08000530) |
82 Tonset Rd. 41°47′12″N 69°58′45″W |
Orleans | ||
87 | Jacob Sears Memorial Library | November 18, 2009 (#09000934) |
23 Center St. 41°44′52″N 70°08′46″W |
Dennis | ||
88 | Anthony and Allison Sirna Studio | February 25, 2014 (#14000021) |
60 Way #4 41°57′29″N 69°59′38″W |
Wellfleet | Mid 20th Century Modern Residential Architecture on Outer Cape Cod MPS | |
89 | Samuel Smith Tavern Site | November 11, 1977 (#77000108) |
Great Island 41°55′12″N 70°03′26″W |
Wellfleet | 17th century tavern site accessible via Great Island Trail | |
90 | South Yarmouth/Bass River Historic District | May 29, 1990 (#90000787) |
Roughly Main St.from Pine to South St., River St.from Main to Bass River Parkway, and Willow St.from River to South St. 41°39′39″N 70°11′35″W |
Yarmouth | ||
91 | Spring Hill Historic District | October 28, 2010 (#10000862) |
Roughly bounded by Massachusetts Route 6A, Spring Hill Rd., and Discovery Hill Rd. 41°44′53″N 70°28′22″W |
Sandwich | ||
92 | Stony Brook–Factory Village Historic District | June 15, 2000 (#00000688) |
Stony Brook Rd.; Setucket Rd., Run Hill Rd. 41°44′37″N 70°06′43″W |
Brewster | ||
93 | Taylor–Bray Farm | September 29, 1993 (#92000287) |
Junction of Bray Farm Rd.N. and Nottingham Rd. 41°43′20″N 70°12′23″W |
Yarmouth | ||
94 | Teaticket School | February 22, 2002 (#02000082) |
340 Teaticket Hwy, MA 28 at Sandwich Rd. 41°34′09″N 70°36′20″W |
Falmouth | ||
95 | Three Sisters of Nauset (Twin Lights) | June 15, 1987 (#87001502) |
Off Cable Rd. 41°50′42″N 69°57′36″W |
Eastham | Two of the three lights; The Beacon (listed separately) is the third. At the time of their nomination, these two lights were separate from The Beacon; they have since been reunited. | |
96 | Vera and Laszlo Tisza House | February 25, 2014 (#14000022) |
2 Deer Trail 41°57′36″N 69°59′55″W |
Wellfleet | Mid 20th Century Modern Residential Architecture on Outer Cape Cod MPS | |
97 | Josiah Tobey House | December 9, 1994 (#94001496) |
67 Oxbow Rd. 41°34′41″N 70°34′33″W |
Falmouth | ||
98 | Town Boundary Marker | September 18, 1987 (#87000269) |
Race Ln. at Barnstable–Sandwich town line 41°41′11″N 70°26′12″W |
Sandwich and Barnstable | ||
99 | Town Hall Square Historic District | October 31, 1975 (#75001914) |
Roughly bounded by Main, Grove, Water Sts., and Tupper Rd.from Beale Ave.to Massachusetts Route 6A 41°45′29″N 70°30′04″W |
Sandwich | Boundary increase (listed September 16, 2010): Roughly bounded by Massachusetts Route 6A, Morse Rd., Water St., Shawme Lake, Grove St., Main St., and Tupper Rd. | |
100 | Town Line Boundary Marker | September 18, 1987 (#87000242) |
Great Hill Rd. 41°43′19″N 70°24′04″W |
Sandwich and Barnstable | ||
101 | Town Line Boundary Marker | September 18, 1987 (#87000243) |
410 High St. at Sandwich–Barnstable town line 41°43′19″N 70°24′04″W |
Sandwich and Barnstable | ||
102 | Townsend House | May 20, 1998 (#98000542) |
290 Paine Hollow Rd. 41°54′42″N 70°00′38″W |
Wellfleet | ||
103 | Truro Highlands Historic District | November 22, 2011 (#11000823) |
Highland Light Rd. 42°02′22″N 70°03′44″W |
Truro | Includes Highland Light, Highland House, and other buildings along Highland Light Road. | |
104 | Union Hall | May 23, 1997 (#97000470) |
Town Hall Rd, east of MA 6 41°59′54″N 70°03′15″W |
Truro | Truro's town hall. | |
105 | Universalist Society Meetinghouse | February 25, 1999 (#99000186) |
3 River Rd. 41°46′59″N 69°58′40″W |
Orleans | ||
106 | US Post Office-Provincetown Main | October 19, 1987 (#87001772) |
217 Commercial St. 42°02′57″N 70°11′19″W |
Provincetown | ||
107 | Waquoit Historic District | February 26, 2004 (#04000086) |
Portions of Main, Barrows, Carriage House, Collins, Martin, Moonakis, Takemmeh and Waquoit Landing, Parson, Studley, Whi 41°35′08″N 70°31′11″W |
Falmouth | ||
108 | Paul and Madeleine Weidlinger House | February 25, 2014 (#14000023) |
54 Valley Rd. 41°57′36″N 70°00′24″W |
Wellfleet | Mid 20th Century Modern Residential Architecture on Outer Cape Cod MPS | |
109 | Wellfleet Center Historic District | August 21, 1989 (#89001147) |
Roughly bounded by Cross St., Holbrook Ave., Main, E. Main and School Sts., and Duck Creek 41°56′12″N 70°01′43″W |
Wellfleet | ||
110 | West Dennis Graded School | August 24, 2000 (#00000957) |
67 School St. 41°39′43″N 70°10′12″W |
Dennis | ||
111 | West Falmouth Village Historic District | April 2, 1998 (#98000253) |
Roughly along N. Shore Rd., from the junction of MA 28A and MA 28, and Crocker Point 41°36′05″N 70°38′05″W |
Falmouth | ||
112 | West Schoolhouse | April 24, 1975 (#75000262) |
61 Whig St. 41°44′20″N 70°11′59″W |
Dennis | ||
113 | Wing Fort House | June 3, 1976 (#76000227) |
Spring Hill Rd. 41°45′03″N 70°27′56″W |
East Sandwich | ||
114 | Wing's Neck Light | June 15, 1987 (#87001503) |
Wing's Neck Rd. 41°40′56″N 70°39′37″W |
Bourne | ||
115 | Wood End Light Lookout Station | June 15, 1987 (#87001504) |
Wood End, between Herring Cove Beach and Long Point 42°01′17″N 70°11′37″W |
Provincetown | ||
116 | Woods Hole School | October 21, 1982 (#82000473) |
24 School St. 41°31′29″N 70°40′10″W |
Falmouth | ||
117 | Yarmouth Camp Ground Historic District | August 28, 1990 (#90001244) |
South of mid-Cape Highway (U.S. Route 6) and roughly bounded by County Ave., Willow St., Wood Rd., and Camp Ground Pond 41°40′59″N 70°15′44″W |
Barnstable and Yarmouth |
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Register of Historic Places in Barnstable County, Massachusetts. |
References
- The latitude and longitude information provided in this table was derived originally from the National Register Information System, which has been found to be fairly accurate for about 99% of listings. Some locations in this table may have been corrected to current GPS standards.
- "National Register of Historic Places: Weekly List Actions". National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved on January 29, 2021.
- Numbers represent an alphabetical ordering by significant words. Various colorings, defined here, differentiate National Historic Landmarks and historic districts from other NRHP buildings, structures, sites or objects.
- The eight-digit number below each date is the number assigned to each location in the National Register Information System database, which can be viewed by clicking the number.
- Donaldson, Emily (2010). Atwood–Higgins Historic District: Cultural Landscape Report and Outbuildings Historic Structures Report: Cape Cod National Seashore (2010).
- "Weekly list of actions taken on properties: 2/25/13 through 3/01/13". National Park Service. March 8, 2013. Retrieved March 14, 2013.