Oleg Tinkov

Oleg Tinkov (Russian: Олег Юрьевич Тиньков; born 25 December 1967) is a Russian entrepreneur and cycling sponsor. According to Forbes, in 2014 he was ranked 1210 in the list of the wealthiest people in the world,[2] on the list of the richest businessmen in Russia in 2016 he was ranked 79 with a fortune of $1.2 billion.[1]

Oleg Tinkov
Tinkov at Tinkoff Bank office in January 2015
Born
Олег Юрьевич Тиньков

(1967-12-25) 25 December 1967
Polysayevo, Leninsk-Kuznetsk district of the Kemerovo Oblast, RSFSR, USSR
OccupationFounder of Tinkoff Bank
Years active1988–present
Net worth US$1.2 billion (March 2016)[1]
Spouse(s)
Rina Vosman
​
(m. 1989)​
Children3

Oleg Tinkoff is known as the founder of a network of shops of household appliances Technoshock, frozen food factories Daria, brewing companies and network of Tinkoff restaurants.[3] Among less well-known projects – music store Music Shock and the record label Shock Records, which released first albums bands Kirpichi, Leningrad, and which worked with the Knife for Frau Müller.[4] Tinkoff is the founder and chairman of the Tinkoff Bank board of directors (until 2015 it was called Tinkoff Credit Systems[5]). The bank was founded in 2007 and as of December 1, 2016, it is ranked 45 in terms of assets and 33 – for equity among Russian banks.[6][7]

Tinkoff is passionate about road cycling and has the title of candidate in master of sports of the USSR.[8] In 2005, he created a professional cycling team Tinkoff Restaurants, which later changed its name to Tinkoff Credit Systems and became the basis for the Katyusha team.[9][10] From December 2013 to November 2016 he owned a cycling team Tinkoff.[11][12]

Biography

Early years

Oleg Tinkoff was born in the village Polysayevo, Leninsk-Kuznetsk district of the Kemerovo Oblast in the family of a miner and a seamstress.[13][14][15]

Since the age of 12 Tinkoff was interested in road cycling, he was a member of cycling clubs at school, and later – at the workplaces. He won in a number of competitions, and in 1984 received the title of a candidate in master of sports. During training camps Tinkoff first took up black marketeering, buying hard-to-find goods in Central Asia, and selling them in Leninsk-Kuznetsky.[16] His cycling career was interrupted by military service: he did not get in the Sports Club of the army and was sent to the border troops. In 1986–1988 he served in the Far East – in Nakhodka and Nikolayevsk-on-Amur.[17][18]

University

In 1988, Oleg Tinkoff entered the Mining Institute. Institution with a large number of foreign students offered great opportunities for trade. Oleg traded on jeans, cosmetics and perfumery, caviar and vodka. He sold goods from St. Petersburg in Siberia, and from there he brought Japanese household appliances purchased from the miners.[19] He brought electrical appliances to Poland and got back from there with office equipment and supplies, gas cartridges and guns.[20]

He traded together with his future wife and fellow students – Oleg Zherebtsov (later – the founder of shops network Lenta), Oleg Leonov (future founder of shops network DIXY) and Andrey Rogachev (founder of the company LEC and Pyaterochka).[21]

In the third year, Oleg left the Mining Institute. In 1999, he continued his education at the University of California, Berkeley and did a six-month extension program of marketing.[22]

Family
Oleg Tinkov at Skolkovo Moscow School of Management event, 2016

Oleg Tinkoff met an Estonian, Rina Vosman, while studying at university. The wedding took place in June 2009 – after 20 years of living together.[23] Their daughter Daria Tinkov studied at King's College London, sons Pasha and Roman at St Edward's School, Oxford.[24]

Entrepreneurship

Technoshock

In 1992, Oleg Tinkoff began wholesale electronics trade from Singapore and to simplify the registration of documents he registered a limited liability partnership Petrosib in St. Petersburg, and then regional companies Petrosib-Kemerovo, Petrosib-Novosibirsk and Petrosib-Omsk and others. Goods arrived in St. Petersburg and from there went to the regions, where they were sold with a larger markup. He started with calculators and went on to the office equipment, televisions, VCRs and even artificial flowers and trees. In the beginning, Oleg himself flew to Singapore, then began to use air transport, but the turning point came when an Indian dealer Ashok Vasmani shipped him half container TVs on credit.[25] Tinkoff went on to container transportation.[26]

Reduced profits from wholesale pushed Tinkoff towards launching his own store network. In 1994 Petrosib opened the first store under the Sony label on Maly Prospect of Vasilevsky Island in St. Petersburg. Then – another one at Marata Street. Petrosib USA opened in San Francisco. Success in retail inspired Tinkoff to combine shops under one name. Technoshock was opened in 1995 and offered expensive household appliances at the highest prices in the city, but still it was popular. Technoshock was one of the first companies in Russia which began to train its sales consultants.[27] Sergio Gutsalenko, an American of Russian origin, became the President of the company. The network grew rapidly: by 1996 the Technoshock had five stores in St. Petersburg, two in Omsk and Kemerovo and one in Novorossiysk. From 1995 to 1996 the turnover doubled and reached $40 million.[28]

By 1997 in St. Petersburg there were Eldorado stores which increased competition and reduced profitability. In 1997 Oleg Tinkoff sold the company to its management, and a year later it was acquired by Simteks. Oleg came out of the Technoshock with $7 million and invested the sum in the pelmeni business.[29]

Along with Technoshock Tinkoff opened a network of music stores Music Shock in 1996. Philipp Kirkorov and Alla Pugacheva performed at the opening of the first Music Shock, Jeanne Aguzarova – at the second.[30]

Together with Ilya Bortnyuk, Tinkoff launched Shock Records record label. The label released debut albums of bands Kirpichi, Leningrad, Vladimir Dashkevich Symphony based on his music for the film Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson, the album Nechelovek-vidimka by Knife for Frau Müller. Music Shock published a 320-page book Viktor Tsoi, composed by Victor’s widow Mariana Tsoi and Alexey Rybin, musician of Kino band.

In 1998 Music Shock was sold to the Moscow company Gala Records.[31]

Daria

Pelmeni and other frozen foods were produced under the brand name Daria, named after the daughter of Oleg Tinkoff. A Greek called Athanasius, who distributed ravioli production equipment in Russia, gave Tinkoff this idea while in the sauna. Production was launched in early 1998 in Peterhof and in the beginning it made products under the trademark Smak under license from Andrey Makarevich company. After the conflict with the licensor, the brand name changed to Smak St. Petersburg. Economic crisis was the reason to create its own brand: the new brand helped increase the market share. The new plant, which opened in December 1998, at the site of a former Technoshock warehouse on Predportovaya street in St. Petersburg, originally produced only Daria. In addition, Tinkoff made products under the brands of Tolsty kok, Dobry product and Tsar-batyushka.[32]

Daria got its first popularity thanks to the advertising campaign, in which five billboards in St. Petersburg and two in Moscow showed an image of female buttocks covered with flour and the caption Your favorite pelmeni!.[33][34] In another commercial there was a phrase From these raviolek you’ll get stomach cramps, which caused Ravioli company dissatisfaction. In return they used a phrase Daria, shoo! in their advertisement campaign.[35][36]

In 2001, the Daria was sold to Roman Abramovich and Andrew Bloch holding company Planeta Management for $21 million, of which 7 were used to pay off credit debt.[37]

Tinkoff Beer
Main article: Tinkoff brewery

In 1997 Tinkoff could not find an investor for the construction of a brewery. Two meetings helped: an equipment supplier, with whom Tinkoff met at the exhibition Drinktec in Munich, proposed to combine the brewery with a restaurant and focus on the development of the brand and the other supplier – suggested that beer would be called after the family name according to the Bavarian tradition.[38]

The initial investment amounted to one million Deutschmarks, and in August 1998 the first restaurant was opened in St. Petersburg on Kazanskaya street, 7.[39] There soon appeared a line for beer in bottles. In 2001 the restaurant was opened in Moscow in Protochny lane, the investment in which amounted to $2 million. The restaurant was opened in Samara in November 2002, in Novosibirsk – in January 2003, then there were restaurants in Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Ufa, Yekaterinburg, Vladivostok and Sochi.[38]

The first plant was built by the summer of 2003 with the support of the bank Zenith which opened a credit line for Tinkoff brewery. For construction of the second plant the company raised the funds through a bond issue, as well as the bank Zenit loans and the German HypoVereinsbank. The second plant worth about $75 million was completely built on credit funds.[40]

Tinkoff factories produced Tinkoff beer, Tekiza, and T. While expanding, the company invested significant funds in mass marketing. There was even a bad experience of collaboration with photographer and director Oliviero Toscani, author of the United Colors of Benetton advertising campaigns.[41][42]

Since 2004 Sun Interbrew group showed interest in acquisition of Tinkoff plants, and in 2005 it took place. It paid about $200 million for factory and brand.[43] After that Tinkoff sold the premises of Tinkoff restaurants to the management company Troika Dialog for about $10–12 million and at the same time he signed a long-term lease of the same premises.[44] Finally in 2008–2009 the restaurants themselves were acquired by Mint Capital equity fund.[45]

Tinkoff Bank
Main article: Tinkoff Bank
Oleg Tinkov at Tinkoff-Saxo event in Moscow, 2014

On November 18, 2005, at Necker Island, owned by billionaire Richard Branson, Oleg Tinkov presented a draft of the future bank.[46] In 2006 he acquired the Moscow Himmashbank and based on it created a bank with a remote service, which was first in Russia. Despite the setbacks in attracting investment at the start of the project, during the crisis of 2008 the bank showed a 50-fold increase in profits.[47][48]

Tinkoff Credit Systems reduced costs at the expense of marketing which was non-standard for the banking sector[49][50] and the widespread use of computer processing of the data instead of human labor.[51][52] For a long time the bank did not attract deposits and used its own capital for lending.[53]

The developed technology platform played a major role: the IPO of the bank was one of the largest deals in 2013 Russian version of Forbes, and Oleg Tinkoff doubled his fortune and took 1210 position in the world ranking of billionaires.[54][55][56][2]

In the beginning of 2015 Tinkoff Credit Systems changed its name to Tinkoff Bank.[5] A more simple and concise name is intended to better reflect the full range of financial institution services.[57]

As of February 2020 Tinkoff owns 44% shares of the bank,[58] and it remains his main project.[1]

In December 2020, Tinkov sold 5.3% of TCS Group shares for $325 million, reducing his stake to 35%. Tinkov announced his intention to spend part of this money ($200 million) to create a fund for the study of leukemia.[59]

In January 2021, the remaining shares were converted from class B to class A. As a result, the Tinkov family voting rights in the Group decreased from 84% to 35%.[60]

Cycling

Tinkoff Restaurants

Tinkoff Restaurants cycling team under command of coach Alexander Kuznetsov became historically the third Russian professional team.[61] At the time of its appearance it was the only one in Russia. The team was presented in January 2006 at the headquarters at the Spanish villa of Kuznetsov, it was composed of members of the Russian national track races team, including Mikhail Ignatiev, Nikolay Trusov, Alexander Serov, Sergey Klimov, Pavel Brutt and Ivan Rovny.[62][63] Airline Siberia was joint team sponsor, the annual budget was $4 million.[64]

In 2006 season the team riders won first place in the team pursuit at the World Cup Track Cycling in Los Angeles, and Pavel Brutt won the Tour of Greece and race Cinturón a Mallorca.[65]

The reason for the team disbanding was the conflict between Alexander Kuznetsov and Oleg Tinkoff.[66][67][68][69]

Tinkoff Credit Systems
Main article: Tinkoff Credit Systems

Tinkoff Credit Systems was by the season 2007 on the basis of Tinkoff Restaurants, but with an Italian management and registration. UCI Professional Continental license allowed athletes to participate in all the major European races.[70] The new line-up had a higher number of foreign athletes and the captain was an American Tyler Hamilton.[71]

Successful performances of the team, including these at the stages of the Giro d'Italia in 2008, attracted the attention of former cyclist Igor Makarov, an owner of Itera corporation. At his initiative and under the sponsorship of Gazprom and Rostekhnologii based on the Tinkoff Credit Systems Russian team Katyusha was established.[72][73]

Tinkoff team
Oleg Tinkov, Giro d'Italia 2015
Main article: Tinkoff (cycling team)

In December 2013 Oleg Tinkoff through the management company Tinkoff Sport A / C bought a team from the former cyclist Bjarne Riis. Tinkoff Credit Systems sponsored this team since 2012.[11]

Tinkoff and Katyusha were the only Russian teams performing at the UCI World Tour races.[74][75] Cyclists of the team repeatedly won at the stages of the prestigious Grand Tour: in particular, Alberto Contador became the winner of the Vuelta a España and the Giro d'Italia, and Peter Sagan repeatedly became the owner of maillot vert as the best sprinter in the Tour de France.

Oleg Tinkoff takes part in training alongside their athletes and goes to competitions.[76] In honor of Contador's victory in the 2015 Giro d'Italia he painted his hair pink.[77]

Oleg Tinkoff has repeatedly criticized the bureaucratization of professional cycling and outdated sponsorship model.[78][79][80] He became one of the shareholders of the project Velon – World Tour Team initiative for the development of professional cycling, organizing more spectacular events, protecting the interests of sponsors and team owners.[81] Tinkoff also stands for Grand Tour schedule, which will enable the strongest riders to perform at each of them during the season. In 2014, he offered the captain Tinkoff-Saxo Alberto Contador and his rivals Chris Froome, who rides for Sky Procycling and Vincenzo Nibali of Astana Pro Team 1 million euros each for performing in all the three major stage races of the world.[82]

Since 2016 the cycling team acted under the name Tinkoff, as Saxo Bank has decided not to renew sponsorship contract further than 2015.[83] At the end of 2015 he announced that by the end of the 2016 season he will leave the cycling sport and sell the team. Oleg Tinkov as the sole title sponsor of the team was spending on it about 20 million euros per year, and for all time, together with the bank invested in it about 50 million euros. In addition to the increased financial burden among the reasons he mentions lack of potential for bank-branding, losses for the cycling teams, absence of reforms in the sport, as well as the long-running conflict between the Union Cycliste Internationale and Amaury Sport Organisation. In the last season the team won the second place and was finally disbanded in November 2016.[84][85][12]

Other

Among Tinkoff's property – a personal aircraft Dassault Falcon 7X with the bank's logo on the tail.[86] In September 2015 Tinkoff announced that he will invest 250 million rubles in the construction of hotel and recreational complex in the Elizovo district on Kamchatka, where he often rests. It was assumed that launching would happen in the IV quarter of next year.[87] In January 2016 it became known that he had abandoned the project because of opposition from local officials and instead invested in the French Alps.[88] In June of the same year he opened two Tinkoff luxurious chalets called La Datcha: one in the ski resort of Courchevel and the second – in Val Thorens. In 2017 and 2018 there will be new homes in Forte dei Marmi and Astrakhan.[89] On 3 July 2020 in Vlissingen (Netherlands) was launched the world's first private icebreaker yacht owned by Tinkov. 77m vessel also called La Datcha cost €100 million. It features an ice-classed hull and is polar code compliant and offers accommodation for 12 guests. Yacht is available for weekly charter most of the year.[90]

In 2017, he renounced his American citizenship.[91] Tinkov is one of many "Russian oligarchs" named in the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act, CAATSA, signed into law by President Donald Trump in 2017.[92]

Publications

From 2007 to 2010, he was a columnist for Finance magazine.[93] Since 2010, the chief editor of the magazine Oleg Anisimov went on to work at Tinkoff Bank and worked with him on the TV show Business secrets with Oleg Tinkoff at the online channel Russia.ru. An interview with Mikhail Fridman in October 2015 restarted production of Business secrets after a two-year break.[94]

Oleg Tinkoff has Facebook and Twitter accounts.[95] His manner of communication is considered provocative and often leads to meaningless disputes and mutual insults.[96][97]

Oleg Tinkoff wrote two books summarizing his entrepreneurial experience: "I am like everyone" (Russian: «Я такой как все») which was published in 2010 and "How to become a businessman" (Russian: «Как стать бизнесменом») – a year later.[98][99]

Tinkoff lane

In order to promote the brand Tinkoff a story of Porphyry Tinkoff, an ancestor and a brewer, who supplied beer to the imperial court since 1759, was invented.[100] According to legend, the page mentioning him, was found by Oleg Tinkov in Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary. The fake page was presented in the Toponymy Commission of St. Petersburg with a proposal to memorize the Tinkoff family line in the street name. Officials did not notice the fraud and agreed to the proposal of the company, and on 7 July 2003 Tinkoff Lane appeared in Pushkin, Saint Petersburg.[101]

US Tax Evasion Case

On February 27, 2020, Tinkoff Credit Systems Group Holding PLC (TCSGH) announced that Tinkov was attending court hearings initiated in London by the US Internal Revenue Service.[102] No details were disclosed. Two days later, on March 1, 2020, The Daily Express published an article where it stated Tinkov paid £20m bail to avoid being held in jail until an extradition hearing was to take place in April.[103] The article also stated the terms of his release required him to surrender his passports and be confined to his residence for 12 hours per day. The following day, on March 2, 2020, TCSGH released statement confirming the details of The Daily Express article.[104] An indictment issued on September 26, 2019, by a federal grand jury was unsealed on March 5 following Tinkov's arrest in London.[105] The indictment stated Tinkov allegedly concealed $1 Billion in Assets and Income when Renouncing U.S. Citizenship. The indictment charges Tinkov with two counts of tax fraud, each carrying a potential 3-year prison term.

Health

On March 6, 2020, the day after the indictment was unsealed, Tinkov announced he was fighting acute leukemia that was diagnosed in October 2019. It was reported that Tinkov had already undergone chemotherapy, and that his silence was associated with his declining health. After an announcement by his representatives, shares of TCS Group, which included Tinkov on the board of directors, fell almost 25% on the Moscow Exchange.[106]

On December 18, 2020 Tinkov reported that his last analysis after the bone marrow transplant showed a complete remission "at the molecular level".[107]

Publications
  • Tinkov, Oleg (2010). Я такой как все [I am like everyone] (in Russian). Eksmo. p. 260. ISBN 978-5-9902155-1-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Tinkov, Oleg (2011). Как стать бизнесменом [How to become a businessman] (in Russian). Eksmo, Alpina Publisher. p. 256. ISBN 978-5-699-51390-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

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