Orthopterida
The Orthopterida is a superorder of the Polyneoptera that represents the extant orders Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids), and Phasmatodea (stick insects and leaf insects). The Orthopterida also includes the extinct orders Titanoptera and Caloneurodea.
| Orthopterida | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Caloneura dawsoni fossil | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Cohort: | Polyneoptera |
| (unranked): | Anartioptera |
| Magnorder: | Polyorthoptera |
| Superorder: | Orthopterida |
| Orders | |
|
†Caloneurodea | |
There is general consensus of monophyly in this superorder, based on reduction of the second valvulae, an ovipositor derived from the gonoplac, and an enlarged precostal region on the forewing.
The two other superorders of the Polyneoptera are the:
- Plecopterida, which represents the orders:
- Plecoptera (stoneflies)
- Emboidea (Embioptera/Embiidina; webspinners)
- Zoraptera (angel insects).
- Dictyoptera, which represents:
Two other orders, the Notoptera (ice-crawlers and gladiators) and Dermaptera (earwigs) are also placed in the Polyneoptera but outside the superorders discussed above.[1]
See also
References
- Grimaldi, D., and M.S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 191-194.
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