Ospan Batyr
Osman Batyr (Kazakh: Оспан батыр, Ospan Batır, وسپان باتىر; Chinese: 烏斯滿·巴圖爾; sometimes spelled as Uthmān/Osman Bātūr, Osman Batir or Osman Batur)[1] (1899 - April 29, 1951), the son of Islambay, was born in Koktokay County, Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.
Osman Batyr (Islamuly) | |
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| Born | 1899 Koktokay County, Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang |
| Died | April 29, 1951 Urumqi, Xinjiang |
| Allegiance |  East Turkestan Republic.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Mongolian People's Republic Republic of China |
| Battles/wars | |
Life story
His real name is Osman İslamoğlu "Batur" is a title given to him by his nation in the sense of hero, brave. He was born in 1899 in Öngdirkara, in the Köktogay region of Altay. He is the son of İslâm Bey, a farmer of middle class from Altay Cossacks. The nomadic Kazakh grew up living his life. Osman Batur, who was a good rider and a master hunter before the age of 10, learned the fine arts of martial arts from Böke Batur, a Kazakh Turk, with whom he entered his service at the age of 12. Boke Boke Baturin Baturin then be defeated by the Chinese over Tibet after the decapitation of captured while trying to reach Turkey birthplace at the age of 40 were engaged in farming. In 1940, as the Chinese administration increased the pressure, he took his gun and went to the mountain alone. He continued the struggle he started alone until his execution in Urumqi on 29 April 1951.
Challenge
Osman Batur who started his struggle against the Chinese and Russians in 1941, aimed to liberate all Altai lands and East Turkestan from the Chinese and Russians II. During the World War II, with the increasing pressure on the Turks in East Turkestan, the reaction movements gained strength and prepared the ground for the rise of Osman Batur.
Osman Batur, who started to clean the Altays from the Chinese, seemed to have reached his goal in 1943. With a ceremony held in Bulgun on July 22, 1943, the inn of Osman Batur Altay Kazakhs was declared. By 1945, except for a few cities in East Turkestan, the control was taken by the Turks. When the situation became intolerable and dangerous for the Chinese, the Chinese armies carried out harsh and intense operations in the region. Although Osman Batur, who was removed from Targabatay and Altays, started the fight with thirty thousand people, by 1950 this number was approximately four thousand. There was also a struggle between Alibek Hakim and his comrades.
Osman Batur, who was trapped in Kanambal in 1951, was captured and taken to Urumqi.
Osman Batur was circulated and exposed in public and was killed by shooting on April 29, 1951.
In Xinjiang he led the Kazakh people to fight against PRC. He was captured in Hami (Eastern Xinjiang), and executed in Urumqi on April 29, 1951, after resisting the Communist takeover. After his death many of his followers fled over the Himalayan mountains. Afterwards they were airlifted to Turkey, where they then lived.
Sources
- Hsiao-ting Lin (2010). Modern China's ethnic frontiers: a journey to the west. Volume 67 of Routledge studies in the modern history of Asia (illustrated ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 126. ISBN 978-0-415-58264-3. Retrieved 2011-12-27.
Osman Bator 烏斯滿
- Godfrey Lias, Kazak Exodus, London: Evan Brothers Limited (1956)
- Justin Jacobs, "The many deaths of a Kazak unaligned", American Historical Review 115.5 (2010), pp. 1291-1314.
- Linda K. Benson and Ingvar Svanberg, China's Last Nomads: The History and Culture of China's Kazaks, New York: M.E. Sharpe (1998), pp. 72-87.
- Halife Altay, Anayurttan Anadoluʹya, Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı, 1981 (Turkish)
- Halife Altay, Kazak Türklerine aid şecere, Istanbul, 1997 (Turkish)
- Gülçin Çandarlıoğlu, Özgürlük Yolu, Nurgocay Batur'un Anılarıyla Osman Batur, Istanbul: Doğu Kütüphanesi, 2006 (Turkish)
- Zordun Sabir, Anayurt, Almaty: Nash Mir, 2006 (Uyghur)
- Hızır Bek Gayretullah, Osman Batur, (Turkish)
- Hızır Bek Gayretullah, Altaylarda Kanlı Günler, 1977 (Turkish)