Pannonia Inferior

Pannonia Inferior, lit. Lower Pannonia, was a province of the Roman Empire. Its capital was Sirmium. It was one of the border provinces on the Danube. It was formed in the year 103 AD by Emperor Trajan who divided the former province of Pannonia into two parts: Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior. The province included parts of present-day states of Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The province was bordered to the east (across the Danube) by a Sarmatian tribe—the Iazyges. Later, the Vandals appeared to the north-east.

For other uses, see Lower Pannonia (disambiguation).
Provincia Pannonia Inferior
Province of the Roman Empire
103–3rd century

Pannonia Inferior (125 AD)
CapitalAquincum and Sirmium[1]
History 
• Established
103
• Reorganized
3rd century
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Pannonia
Pannonia Secunda
Pannonia Valeria
Today part of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Croatia
 Hungary
 Serbia

Settlements
Pannonia Inferior

Major settlements in Pannonia Inferior included:

Aftermath and legacy

The province was yet again split during the reign of the tetrarchs into two more provinces, Pannonia Valeria in the north, with the new provincial capital at Sopianae, and Pannonia Secunda in the south with Sirmium as the provincial capital. During the Frankish period, in the 9th century, the term Lower Pannonia was used to designate eastern and southern regions of Pannonia, including the Slavic Principality of Lower Pannonia.

List of Roman governors

See also

References
  1. The Routledge Handbook of Archaeological Human Remains and Legislation, Taylor & Francis, page 381.
  2. Unless otherwise noted, governors from 69 to 137 are taken from Werner Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 12 (1982), pp. 281-362; 13 (1983), pp. 147-237
  3. Ronald Syme's dates ("Governors of Pannonia Inferior", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 14 (1965), p. 344); Eck less precisely states he was governor during the reign of Hadrian.
  4. Margaret Roxan, "Two Complete Diplomas of Pannonia Inferior: 19 May 135 and 7 August 143", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 127 (1999), pp. 249-273
  5. Unless otherwise noted, governors from 149 to 182 are taken from Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen (Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag, 1977), pp. 250-252
  6. Unless otherwise noted, governors from 183 to 212 are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 277-279
  7. Davenport, Caillan (2012/ed). "The Provincial Appointments of the Emperor Macrinus". Antichthon. 46: 184–203. doi:10.1017/S0066477400000198. ISSN 0066-4774. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. Davenport, Caillan (2012/ed). "The Provincial Appointments of the Emperor Macrinus". Antichthon. 46: 184–203. doi:10.1017/S0066477400000198. ISSN 0066-4774. Check date values in: |date= (help)

Sources
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