Patanjali Ayurved

Patanjali Ayurved, is an Indian multinational consumer packaged goods company, based in Haridwar, India, that was started by Ramdev and Balkrishna in 2006.[4] Its manufacturing units and headquarters are located in the industrial area of Haridwar, Uttarakhand while the registered office is located at Delhi.[5] The company manufactures mineral and herbal products.

Patanjali Ayurved
TypePrivate[1]
Industry
Founded2006 (2006)
Founder
Headquarters
Haridwar, Uttarakhand
,
India
Area served
[2]
Products
Revenue ₹9,500 crore (US$1.2 billion) (2018)
₹590 crore (US$80 million) (2018)
Total assets ₹4,345 crore (US$590 million) (2019)
OwnerBalkrishna
Number of employees
2,00,000 (2011–12)[3]
Subsidiaries
Websitewww.patanjaliayurved.org

According to a company official, sales in early March 2016 were ₹45 billion (US$630 million) with monthly sales of ₹5 billion (US$70 million)–₹5.5 billion (US$77 million).[6] Acharya Balkrishna remains the CEO of Patanjali Ayurved with 95% shareholding and supervising its day-to-day activities, while Ramdev remains the face of the company and makes most of the business decisions.[7]

The company has been accused of misleading advertisements about its products and flimsy testing before being launched to market.[8] Some products like amla juice,[9][10] and ayurvedic medicines [11] have been banned from sales due to poor quality. Patanjali has also been surrounded in controversies regarding working conditions where Ramdev and Acharya Balkrishna are treated at gurus whose feet must be touched each time they enter an area. Workers are paid a salary of just 6000 INR per month while working in 12 hour shifts for 6 days a week.[10] They are also discouraged to ask for a raise as working at factory is considered "seva" (service) to the cause.

In June 2020, Patanjali Ayurved announced a drug named Coronil for COVID-19 treatment, Ramdev claimed in June that Coronil had cured Covid-19 patients. The Indian government has allowed Patanjali Ayurved to market Coronil as an immunity booster but not a cure.[12] The Government of Maharashtra has banned the sale of Coronil in the state. Law suits were filed in Bihar and Rajasthan against Ramdev, Balkrishna, and others, accusing them of cheating and selling fake medicines.[13][14] The Madras High Court has fined the company ₹1,000,000 (US$14,000) for its false claims on the drug. Patanjali has withdrawn the claim of Coronil being a cure for Covid-19. The UK drug regulator has threatened action if the unauthorized products were sold in the UK market.[12]

History

Ramdev established the Patanjali Ayurved Limited in 2006 along with Balkrishna, with the objective of establishing science of Ayurveda in accordance and coordination with the latest technology and ancient wisdom.[15][16][17]

Balkrishna owns 99.6% of Patanjali Ayurved, and as of March 2018, has a net worth of ₹43,932 crore (US$6.1 billion).[18]

According to CLSA and HSBC in 2016, Patanjali was the fastest growing FMCG company in India. It is valued at ₹3,000 crore (equivalent to ₹35 billion or US$490 million in 2019) and some predict revenues of ₹5,000 crore (US$700 million) for the fiscal 2015–16.[19][20][21] Patanjali declared its annual turnover of the year 2016–17 to be estimated ₹10,216 crore (US$1.4 billion).[22] According to a report by India Infoline (IIFL), at least 13 listed companies would be affected by Patanjali's success including Colgate, Dabur, ITC and Godrej Consumer.[21]

Revenues
YearRevenues

(₹ in Crore)

2010-11100
2011-12300
2012-13841
2013-141,184
2014-152,006
2015-168,000
2016-1710,526 [23]
2017-189500 [24]
2018-198,330 [25]
2019-20 9,022

Future Group, which has tied up with Patanjali sells about ₹30 crore (US$4.2 million) worth of Patanjali products every month.[26][27][28]

Production

Patanjali Food and Herbal Park at Haridwar is the main production facility operated by Patanjali Ayurved. The company has a production capacity of ₹35,000 crore (equivalent to ₹380 billion or US$5.3 billion in 2019) and is in the process of expanding to a capacity of ₹60,000 crore (equivalent to ₹690 billion or US$9.7 billion in 2019) through its new production units at several places, including Noida, Nagpur, and Indore.[24][29][30]

In 2016, the Patanjali Food and Herbal Park was given a full-time security cover of 35 armed Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) commandos.[31][32][33] The park will be the eighth private institute in India to be guarded by CISF paramilitary forces.[33] Ramdev himself is a "Z" category protectee of central paramilitary forces.[33]

In 2017, Patanjali group launched their official Caller Tune with their slogan 'Swadeshi Swabhiman, Rashtra Seva Ka Abhiyan' music composed by Vaibhav Saxena.[34]

Controversies

Ramdev had approximately 100 cases filed against him by the Uttarakhand Government in under various offences.[35] Out of which 81 cases against the Patanjali Yog Peeth and its sister concerns in Haridwar were registered for violation of the Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms (ZALR) Act and the Indian Stamps Act.[36]

Infertility cure for boy

One of the product manufactured by Ramdev's Divya pharmacy and sold by Patanjali Pharmacy chain was named "Divya Putrajeevak Seed", a medicine that can guarantee the birth of boy. It was described in catalogue as a natural herb for treatment of infertility.Doctors pointed out the misleading name of the drug as the word "Putrajeevak" in Hindi means "son's life."[37] Some stores of the chain were selling the drug claiming that it will ensure the birth of a boy. This lead to a rise in sale of the drug among people seeking a boy. The claim of boy is not mentioned on packet of the drug.[37]

In July 2015, the issue was also raised in the Indian Parliament by members of Opposition party who accused "Ramdev of peddling a product which promised delivery of male children."[38] However, the Ministry of AYUSH which oversees the sale of alternative medicines, had defended the product, saying the medicine was named after a herb.[38]

In 2016, the Uttarakhand health department said that the drug by Patanjali Ayurveda was in violation of the Indian law, Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, 1994.[39] In 2018, Maharashtra government ordered a probe on the drug over charges that it violated laws. Congress leaders in the state demanded a ban on the drug.[40]

Ban Ganga river pollution

In January 2018, villages in Haridwar district complained that one of the Patanjali's factory named Padarth was polluting Ban Ganga rivulet and a few other rain-fed water bodies in the locality by releasing effluents. According to the locals, the chemicals released by the factory had caused death of several animals in the area over the years. The villagers had complained but the local government took no action on the factory due to the influence of Ramdev. Residents of 40 villages had threatened agitations due to the inaction of the local bodies in taking action against pollution.[41] Uttarakhand Environment Conservation and Pollution Control Board directed a clean up of the Begum nullah flowing through the area. In past the board had served a notice to Padartha over the release of untreated industrial effluents into local water bodies. Patanjali General Manager denied the allegations and claimed that it followed the protocols.[41]

Suspension of Amla juice

The Ministry of Defence's canteen stores department (CSD) had suspended the sale of Patanjali Ayurved's amla juice after receiving an adverse state-laboratory test report on the product.

The move came after the product was tested at the central food lab that found it to be unfit for consumption. After which, the CSD asked all its depots to make debit notes for their existing stock so that the product can be returned.[42][43]

Notice by FSSAI

Patanjali launched instant noodles on 15 November 2015.[44][45][46] Food Safety and Standards Authority of India slapped a notice on the company as neither Patanjali nor Aayush, which are the two brand names under which Patanjali got licenses, have got any approval for manufacturing instant noodles.[47][48][49][50]

Fake COVID-19 drug development

In June 2020, Patanjali Ayurved announced the launch of a COVID-19 treatment kit called Coronil, claiming that it showed 100% favorable results in clinical trials on coronavirus patients.[51][52] Ramdev claimed in June that Coronil had cured Covid-19 patients.[12] There was no clinical data to prove that these new drugs were effective or even safe, and this prompted a backlash on social media, with people questioning the role of the Ministry of AYUSH.[53] Within hours of the launch, the Ministry of AYUSH issued a statement, denying having given clearance for the launch of the new drugs and asking the company to stop selling or advertising the product until the trial results were examined by medical authorities.[54][55][56] An officer from the Ayurved department of the Government of Uttarakhand stated that the approval application for the new drugs had not mentioned COVID-19.[57] The Indian government has allowed Patanjali Ayurved to market Coronil as an immunity booster but not a cure.[12]

The Government of Maharashtra banned Coronil in the state, with home minister Anil Deshmukh threatening the company with legal action if they did not respect the ban.[58] Following the launch two FIRs were registered in Bihar and Rajasthan against Ramdev, Balkrishna, and others, accusing them of cheating and selling fake medicines.[13][14] Patanjali responded to the accusations claiming that they did not violate any procedure leading up to the launch.[59] Patanjali has withdrawn the claim of Coronil being a cure for Covid-19.[12]

In August 2020, the company was fined ₹1,000,000 (US$14,000) by the Madras High Court for false claims made initially.[60]

In December 2020, Coronil was being sold in the Asian frequented markets of UK. Birmingham University tested Coronil pills and found that it cannot protect against Covid-19.[12] The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) of United Kingdom said that it has not approved Coronil for any use and it will take action on the product's unauthorised sale in the UK market.[12] Full Fact, an independent fact-checking organisation, called the marketing claims of Coronil as misinformation that can harm health and finances of people.[12]

Products
Toothpaste by Patanjali Ayurved

Patanjali Ayurved[61] produces products in the categories of personal care and food.[62][63] The company manufactures more than 2,500 products including 45 types of cosmetic products and 30 types of food products. According to Patanjali, all the products manufactured by Patanjali are made from Ayurveda and natural components.[64][65][66][67][68] Patanjali has also launched beauty and baby products.[69] Patanjali Ayurvedic manufacturing division has over 300 medicines for curing a range of ailments and body conditions, from common cold to chronic diseases like paralysis.[70][71][72]

In 2016, Patanjali has announced to enter the textile manufacturing centre. The company is reported to manufacture not only traditional clothes such as Kurta Payjama but also popular western clothes such as jeans.

On 5 November 2016, Patanjali announced that it will set up a new manufacturing plant Patanjali Herbal and Mega Food Park in Balipara, Assam by investing ₹1,200 crore (US$170 million) with the manufacturing capacity of 10 lakh tonnes of goods per year. The new plant will be the largest facility of Patanjali in India and will be operational by March 2017. Patanjali already has around 50 manufacturing units across India.[73]

Sales and distribution

Patanjali Ayurved sells through nearly 4,700 retail outlets as of May 2016.[66][74] Patanjali also sells its products online and is planning to open outlets at railway stations and airports.[75] Patanjali Ayurveda has tied up with Pittie Group and Kishore Biyani's Future Group on 9 October 2015.[66] As per the tie-up with Future Group, all the consumer products of Patanjali will be available for the direct sale in Future Group outlets.[76][77][78] Patanjali Ayurveda products are also available in modern trade stores including Reliance retail, Hyper city and Star Bazaar apart from online channels.[66][79][80][81][82] Patanjali Ayurved, co-founded by yoga guru Ramdev, is targeting ₹10,000-crore revenue in 2016–17, after sales grew 150% in the previous financial year to ₹5,000 crore.[83]

Patanjali Ayurved has also started its FMCG expansion in form of dealership and distributorship channels across the country and expects wider growth in overseas distribution as well.[84]

Acquisition

In December 2019, Patanjali has acquired bankrupt Ruchi Soya Industries at a valuation of ₹4350 crore. At present Ruchi Soya is a mid cap company listed on NSE and BSE in India. It's a major soyabean product player in India.[85]

See also

References
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