Piano Sonata No. 9 (Mozart)

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Piano Sonata No. 9 in D major, K. 311 / 284c, was written on the composer's stay in Augsburg and Mannheim in November-December 1777, and is contemporaneous with his Sonata K. 309 (Mozart wrote his Sonata K. 310 in the summer of the following year, in Paris). The three sonatas K. 309–311 were published as a set 'Opus IV' in about 1782, by Franz Joseph Heina in Paris.

Piano Sonata in D major
No. 9
by W. A. Mozart
The young composer, a 1777 copy of a lost painting
Key	D major
Catalogue	K. 311 / 284c
Style	Classical period
Composed	1777 (1777)
Published	1782
Movements	Three (Allegro con spirito, Andante con espressione, Rondeau – Allegro)

The work has three movements:

1. Allegro con spirito, ⁴
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2. Andante con espressione, G major ²
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3. Rondeau (allegro), ⁶
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A typical performance takes about 15 to 17 minutes.

The first movement is in sonata form. Its first subject has a quasi-orchestral opening, and its second subject in the dominant key (A major) is quieter. The development section is almost entirely based on the last four bars of the exposition.

The second movement has an episodic structure A-B-A-B-A-coda. The second theme's melody is gently decorated with syncopation, accompanied by broken chords in the left hand. This key is G major, the subdominant of D major.

Lastly, the most technically demanding movement of the three is a sonata rondo, with a short central episode in B minor (the main key's relative minor). A slow cadenza-like passage containing a rapid ascending chromatic scale leads back to the first theme. In this passage the beginnings of the main theme of the famous second movement of the Piano Concerto No. 21 in C Major, K. 467, can be heard emerging - 8 years before he wrote it in 1785.

The piece displays mature thematic development.