Pinna (bivalve)

Pinna is a genus of bivalve molluscs belonging to the family Pinnidae. The type species of the genus is Pinna rudis.

Pinna
Temporal range: Carboniferous - Recent [1]
Pinna nobilis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Order: Pteriida
Family: Pinnidae
Genus: Pinna
Linnaeus, 1758

The most completely studied species in the genus is P. nobilis, a Mediterranean pen shell which was historically important as the principal source of sea silk.

Description
Pinna noblis shell & byssus.
Shell.

These pen shells can reach a length of about 80–90 cm (31–35 in). They are characterized by thin, elongated, wedge-shaped, and almost triangular shells with long, toothless edges. The surface of the shells shows radial ribs over their entire length.

Pinna is distinguished from its sibling genus Atrina by the presence of a sulcus dividing the nacreous region of the valves, and the positioning of the adductor scar on the dorsal side of shells.

These bivalves most commonly stand point-first in the sea bottom in which they live, anchored by a net of byssus threads.

Distribution

Species in the genus Pinna are geographically widespread. This genus is very ancient, going back up to the Carboniferous period. It is especially represented in Jurassic and Cretaceous fossils.[1]

Species

According to the World Register of Marine Species, species in the genus Pinna include:[2]

  • Pinna angustana Lamarck, 1819
  • Pinna atrata Clessin, 1891
  • Pinna atropurpurea Sowerby, 1825
  • Pinna attenuata Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna bichi Thach, 2016
  • Pinna bicolor Gmelin, 1791
  • Pinna bullata Gmelin, 1791
  • Pinna carnea Gmelin, 1791
  • Pinna cellophana Matsukuma & Okutani, 1986
  • Pinna deltodes Menke, 1843
  • Pinna distans Hutton, 1873 †
  • Pinna dolabrata Lamarck, 1819
  • Pinna electrina Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna epica Jousseaume, 1894
  • Pinna exquisita Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938
  • Pinna fimbriatula Reeve, 1859
  • Pinna incurva Gmelin, 1791
  • Pinna inflata Röding, 1798
  • Pinna lata Hutton, 1873 †
  • Pinna linguafelis (Habe, 1953)
  • Pinna lubrica Lightfoot, 1786
  • Pinna madida Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna marginata Lamarck, 1819
  • Pinna menkei Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna minax Hanley, 1858
  • Pinna muricata Linnaeus, 1758
  • Pinna nebulosa Lightfoot, 1786
  • Pinna nigricans Lightfoot, 1786
  • Pinna nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 -- Grande nacre
  • Pinna papyracea Gmelin, 1791
  • Pinna plicata Hutton, 1873 †
  • Pinna rapanui Araya & Osorio, 2016
  • Pinna rollei Clessin, 1891
  • Pinna rostellum Hanley, 1858
  • Pinna rotundata Linnaeus, 1758
  • Pinna rudis Linnaeus, 1758
  • Pinna rugosa Sowerby, 1835
  • Pinna sanguinea Gmelin, 1791
  • Pinna sanguinolenta Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna squamosissima Philippi, 1849
  • Pinna strangei Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna striata Röding, 1798
  • Pinna stutchburii Reeve, 1859
  • Pinna subviridis Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna tasmanica Tenison-Woods, 1876
  • Pinna tenera Lightfoot, 1786
  • Pinna trigonalis Pease, 1861
  • Pinna trigonium Dunker, 1852
  • Pinna truncata Philippi, 1844
  • Pinna tuberculosa Sowerby, 1835
  • Pinna varicosa Lamarck, 1819
  • Pinna vespertina Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna vexillum Born, 1778
  • Pinna violacea Röding, 1798
  • Pinna virgata Menke, 1843
  • Pinna vitrea Gmelin, 1791
  • Pinna vulgaris Roissy, 1804
  • Pinna wayae Schultz & M. Huber, 2013
  • Pinna whitechurchi Turton, 1932
  • Pinna zebuensis Reeve, 1858
  • Pinna zelandica Gray, 1835
  • Pinna angustana
  • Pinna atropurpurea
  • Pinna attenuata
  • Pinna bicolor
  • Pinna carnea
  • Pinna deltodes
  • Pinna electrina
  • Pinna incurva
  • Pinna muricata
  • Pinna nobilis
  • Pinna rudis
  • Pinna rugosa
  • Pinna trigonium

References
  1. Genus Pinna at Paleobiology Database
  2. WoRMS Editorial Board (2018). "Taxonomy". Pinna Linnaeus, 1758. World Register of Marine Species. doi:10.14284/170. Retrieved 2018-12-31.
  • Frank H.T. Rodes, Herbert S. Zim en Paul R. Shaffer (1993) - Natuurgids Fossielen (het ontstaan, prepareren en rangschikken van fossielen), Zuidnederlandse Uitgeverij N.V., Aartselaar. ISBN D-1993-0001-361
  • Cyril Walker & David Ward (1993) - Fossielen: Sesam Natuur Handboeken, Bosch & Keuning, Baarn. ISBN 90-246-4924-2
  • Packard, Earl; Jones, David L. (Sep 1965). "Cretaceous Pelecypods of the Genus Pinna from the West Coast of North America". Journal of Paleontology. 39 (1): 910–915.
  • "Glossary". Man and Mollusc. Retrieved 2008-01-30.


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