Piperales

Piperales
	Piper aduncum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Magnoliids
Order:	Piperales; Bercht. & J.Presl[1]
Families
	Aristolochiaceae; Piperaceae; Saururaceae;
Synonyms[2]
	Aristolochiales de Jussieu ex von Berchtold & Presl 1820; Asarales Horan. 1847; Hydnorales Takhtajan ex Reveal 1992; Lactoridales Takhtajan ex Reveal 1993; Saururales von Martius 1835;

Piperales is a botanical name for an order of flowering plants. It necessarily includes the family Piperaceae but otherwise has been treated variously over time. Well-known plants which may be included in this order include black pepper, kava, lizard's tail, birthwort, and wild ginger.

Classification

In the APG IV system, of 2016, this order is placed in the clade magnoliids and is circumscribed as follows:[3]

Piperales

Aristolochiaceae

The current composition and phylogeny of the Piperales.[3][2]

This is an expansion from the APG system, of 1998, which used the same placement (in the magnoliids) but used this circumscription:

The Cronquist system, of 1981, placed the order in the subclass Magnoliidae of class Magnoliopsida [=dicotyledons] and used this circumscription:

The Engler system, in its update of 1964, placed the order in subclassis Archichlamydeae in class Dicotyledoneae [=dicotyledons] and used this circumscription:

The Wettstein system, latest version published in 1935, assigned the order to the Monochlamydeae in subclass Choripetalae of class Dicotyledones. It used the circumscription:

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